NCE - 2

63問 • 1年前

問題一覧

According to Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, the microsystem refers to:

The immediate environment in which a child lives, such as family and school.

The concept of "object permanence" in Piaget's theory of cognitive development is typically achieved during which stage?

Sensorimotor stage.

During which of Freud's psychosexual stages does the Oedipus complex occur?

Phallic stage.

In Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, the conflict during early adulthood is:

Intimacy vs. Isolation.

Bandura's social learning theory emphasizes the importance of:

Observing and imitating the behavior of others.

Super's theory of career development focuses on the concept of:

Career maturity across the lifespan.

In Holland's theory, an individual who prefers practical, hands-on work is likely to fit which personality type?

Realistic.

Which of the following is NOT a stage in Super's life-span, life-space theory?

Conservation.

Ginzberg's theory of career development suggests that the process of career choice is:

A lifelong process influenced by many factors.

Krumboltz's social learning theory of career decision-making emphasizes the role of:

Chance events and learning experiences.

In group counseling, the term "norming" refers to:

The stage where group members start to develop cohesion and establish norms.

Which of the following is considered a common therapeutic factor in group counseling?

Catharsis

In a therapy group, a member consistently dominates the conversation and disrupts the process. The best intervention by the counselor would be to:

Address the behavior directly in the group and encourage others to participate.

Tuckman's model of group development includes all the following stages EXCEPT:

Conforming.

The term "cultural encapsulation" in counseling refers to:

A counselor's tendency to impose their own cultural values on clients.

When working with clients from collectivist cultures, counselors should:

Focus on the client's family and community relationships.

What is the primary goal of cognitive-behavioral therapy (СВТ)?

Modify dysfunctional thinking and behavior

Which theory posits that people are motivated by a hierarchy of needs?

Maslow's hierarchy of needs

What is the term for the phenomenon where a client begins to experience feelings towards the therapist that are reminiscent of feelings they had towards significant figures in their past?

Transference

In the context of ethics, what is the term for when a counselor's personal values unduly influence their professional work?

Value imposition

Which of the following is a primary focus of family systems theory?

Family roles and dynamics

In which stage of Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory does the challenge of "industry vs. inferiority" occur?

Middle childhood

What does the term "self-actualization" refer to in humanistic psychology?

Realizing one's full potential and capabilities

Which type of therapy focuses on the individual's present experience and emphasizes the importance of awareness and personal responsibility?

Gestalt therapy

What is the primary goal of solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT)?

Identifying and enhancing solutions

What is the primary difference between qualitative and quantitative research methods in counseling?

Qualitative research seeks to understand phenomena from an individual's perspective, while quantitative research seeks to quantify variables and identify patterns.

In the DSM-5, which disorder is characterized by a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior?

Histrionic Personality Disorder

What ethical principle involves maintaining a clear and appropriate boundary between the counselor and the client?

Autonomy

Which assessment tool is commonly used to assess personality traits and psychopathology?

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

What is the primary focus of narrative therapy?

Rewriting and reinterpreting personal life stories

Which theory emphasizes the importance of the therapeutic relationship and unconditional positive regard in the counseling process?

Person-Centered Therapy

In ethical decision-making, what is the first step a counselor should take when faced with a dilemma?

Identify the ethical issues involved

Which of the following is NOT considered a primary element of informed consent?

Theoretical orientation of the therapist

What does the term "resilience" refer to in counseling and psychology?

The capacity to recover from adversity and adapt positively

Which stage of change in the Transtheoretical Model involves a person actively making changes to their behavior?

Action

What is the main focus of psychodynamic therapy?

Exploring unconscious processes and early life experiences

Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to others?

Projection

What is the main purpose of using psychoeducation in therapy?

To educate clients about their mental health and coping strategies

Which stage of Lawrence Kohlberg's moral development theory is characterized by following rules to avoid punishment?

preconventional level 1

What is the primary focus of existential therapy?

Exploring existential questions and finding meaning in life

What does "client-centered" mean in the context of counseling?

Therapy that focuses on the client's perspective and experiences

Which therapeutic approach is known for using systematic desensitization to treat phobias?

Behavioral Therapy

In the context of career counseling, what does the term "congruence" refer to?

The fit between a person's values and their work environment

Which theory suggests that people are motivated by the need to achieve a balance between their ideal self and their real self?

Person-Centered Theory

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)?

Increased energy and activity levels

In the context of group therapy, what does the term "cohesion" refer to?

The degree to which group members feel connected and committed to each other

In the context of counseling, what does "self-efficacy" refer to?

The belief in one's ability to succeed in specific situations

Which term describes the counseling practice of addressing a client's specific needs with tailored interventions?

Tailored intervention

What is the primary focus of feminist therapy?

Addressing gender inequalities and empowering women

Which term refers to the practice of providing therapy to clients from diverse cultural backgrounds in a culturally sensitive manner?

Cultural competence

In which type of research design does the researcher manipulate one or more variables to determine their effect on other variables?

Experimental design

What is "attending behavior" in counseling?

The counselor's nonverbal and verbal communication that shows they are actively listening

Which theoretical approach focuses on the individual's role in creating meaning and purpose in their life?

Existential Therapy

What is the primary aim of motivational interviewing?

To help clients resolve ambivalence and enhance motivation for change

Which concept in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) involves changing irrational or distorted thinking patterns?

Cognitive restructuring

In the context of group therapy, what does "group dynamics" refer to?

The interactions and relationships between group members

What does "ethical dilemmatic" mean in the context of professional counseling?

A situation where ethical principles conflict and require careful decision-making

Which approach to therapy emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind in influencing behavior and emotions?

Psychodynamic Therapy

What is the main focus of solution-focused therapy?

Identifying and building on client strengths and solutions

Which therapeutic approach is most closely associated with the concept of "self-actualization"?

Humanistic Therapy

In the context of ethics, what does "beneficence" refer to?

Acting in the best interest of the client and promoting their well-being

What is "genogram" in family therapy?

A visual representation of family relationships and patterns over generations

Which concept in Gestalt therapy involves helping clients become aware of their present experiences?

Present-focused awareness

NCE

Aviance Gooch · 100問 · 1年前

NCE

100問 • 1年前

Aviance Gooch