lameness or altered gait , breakage or avulsion , ingrown nails

small nail cutters for cats

larger nail cutters

A nail filer

The quick

they thicken

The centre of the nail looks shiny

Silver nitrate sticks, styptic powder, stick in bar of soap, use flower to pack end of nail

Styptic powder

buildup of cerumen , allows medication to get down to the eardrum , removal of foreign debris

any sort of head tilt or shaking of the head

necessary in some breeds like poodles , essential to get medication into the canals

on the outer folds of the ear

water , peroxide , oils , alcohol

Tris EDTA

swabs

cytology

culture and sensitivity

identifying underlying cause and response to antibiotics

The anal sacs lie between the internal and external sphincter muscles of the rectum

located at four and 8 o’clock

scooting , Licking rectum, smell of secretions

impaction

Large dogs

irritation/inflammation of the anal sacs

Abscesses, Irritation, Tumors

internal expression of anal glands

External anal gland expression, internal anal gland expression

Do all other grooming prior to the bath, Place cotton in into the ears to prevent water getting into the canals

medical shampoos require 5 to 10 minutes contact time

antibacterial , Antifungal , General cleanse , anti-parasitic , replenishing , anti-seborrhoea

benzyl peroxide/Chlorhexidine

Miconazole/Chlorhexidine

Sulfur-based

(douxo) - contain “Phytosphingosines” for outer lipid layer

oatmeal and aloe typically

permethrins

to provide a good medical care , To document communications

For a business and legal purposes, research purposes

correct identification of Patient and owner, helps to generate diagnostic and treatment plans , Allows continuity of care within the clinic

Keeping documentation of communication between the caregivers and the owner, proper communication among members of the healthcare team , provides special information that allows personalization

Medical records are used to generate calculations, Medical records are used in maintenance of inventory, verifies billing , medical records are required for accreditation , provides legal documentation/paper trail

Information for databases, Used to as case studies in teaching facilities, groundwork for presentation/conferences

veterinary client patient relationship

foundation of effective clinical veterinary medicine and animal care , represents a formal relationship between the veterinarian and the client centred around the clients animals , VCPR represent agreement between the client and the veterinarian

finding out what services the client is seeking , Finding out what service is the veterinarian is willing to provide, Figuring out after hours care provisions, Figuring out whether the client has a current to be a VCPR with other veterinarians in what scope of service they cover, finding out any requirements for maintaining the VCPR

Can be written or verbal, Client have to be 18+ years old, obtained throughout the VCPR/not a one time activity , client should be educated before treatment

Medical conditions, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Risks of treatment, treatment options , follow up , Emergency plans, Treatment cost

Owned by clinic, Owner has the right to request a copy, Best to send directly to other Facility, Reasonable cost may be involved to send the other facilities

Consent by owner, court order

needs to be complete accurate and legible , entries should be in dark ink, No pencil or coloured ink, Dated and initialled

Single line through and initialled

Records need to be kept within the clinic for five years after last entry

Can be used for evidence in the court of law for malpractice or insurance claims, used by the CVO for complaints investigations and disciplinary actions

Paper files, Computer files

letter size - alphabetic, colour coding, Cards - usually very brief information, carbonized sheets - most often with mobile units

letter size

Avimark, pulse , Ezyvet, Cornerstone, Impromed

Problem oriented, source oriented

A very organized approach with lots of detail, SOAP format

Used when there is limited space, fast , Lack detail, used more for mobile large animal units

problem oriented

S subjective/Appearance, O objective/TPR; exam findings, A assessment/Differentials, P plans/Treatments, recommendations

Name of the owner/spouse or alternate people in household, Phone numbers, Address

Name, Signalment/species, bread, age, sex, Color/markings, identification/tattoo, microchip

Complete and accurate, systematic approach, introduce yourself and develop a rapport with the client and the pet first , avoid complex medical terms , ask open ended questions/no leading questions , avoid being judgemental

Immunizations, Which ones, frequency, reactions, Travel history/exposure, Relevant switch and diet, type, when, Fluctuation in weight, previous medication‘s, diagnostic tests, surgeries or diagnosed issues/master problem list

Behavioural or environmental changes, Current diet, medication, allergies, When was the pet last normal and progression of situation, specifics/vomiting (how many times in a day, what comes up, any blood noticed, triggered by anything)

Identify person giving history, Insurance status of animal, specific purpose of the animal (breeding, athlete, commercial production)

Date, Weight of animal, physical exam finding (systematic approach, tip of the nose to tip of the tail), SOAP record

Symptoms or historical information, Client observations, concerns, Patients general attitude

physical exam findings , TPR, Laboratory findings

Differential diagnosis list, Prognosis

Diagnostic or treatment options, Recommendations/medication’s, fluids, follow up care

Overview of all medical disorders experienced by the patient over its lifetime, A list of final diagnoses from patient’s medical past

A list of problems that are relevant to the animals current hospital stay, A list of current symptoms

Lab reports/urinalysis, bloodwork, Diagnostic report/ultrasound, radiology, Consultation report with specialists, Client authorization forms/surgery, discharge instructions , logbooks/surgery/anesthetic/radiology/narcotics

Temperature pulse respiration

capillary refill time

History

Physical examination

Subjective objective assessment plan

differential diagnosis

nothing per OS (orally)

Once; twice; three; four times daily

Subcutaneous

intramuscular, intranasal, intervenous

before putting your hands on the patient

Mentation/bright and alert versus lethargic, Abnormal behaviour, Body condition/BCS, haircoat quality , respiratory effort, gait/lameness

should be complete every time before focussing on specific complaint, as much detail as possible , write down weight/BCS, stethoscope, thermometer and a pen light available

Visual inspection, Percussion/tapping, Palpitation/touching, Auscultation/Listening, Smell/breath

rectally is most accurate , Auxiliary/armpit can be around 2° lower

Infection/information/stress

Poor perfusion /Hyperthyroid/renal/shock

dog and cat 37.5 to 39°C

listen to the heart at The same time , assess for quality of pulse/heartbeat is equal to a pulse

A pulse deficit

dog Dash – 70–160bpm, cat Dash 150 to 210bpm