If a blood clot is formed in an artery, a(n) ____________________ may be required. a. cholecystectomy b. arterial embolectomy c. venous ablation d. phlebectomy

A medical plan of treatment for thrombosis usually indicates that a clot has formed in a(n) a. vein. b. artery.

Drugs that promote clot formation are termed a. coagulants. b. anticoagulants. c. hemostatics. d. fibrinolytics.

Which product is not a form of absorbable gelatin? a. Gelfilm b. Gelfoam powder c. Gelfoam sponge d. Thrombogen

Which product is a form of oxidized regenerated cellulose? a. Avitene microfibrillar collagen hemostat (MCH) b. Surgifoam c. Surgicel Fibrillar d. Thrombi-Gel

_____________ is brand of absorbable collagen sponge. a. FloSeal b. Helistat c. Oxycel d. Surgiflo

______________ is a brand of microfibrillar collagen hemostat. a. Oxycel b. Surgicel c. Avitene d. NuKnit

Which material is not a topical hemostatic? a. Bone wax b. Tannic acid c. Silver nitrate d. Calcium salts

Which hemostatic agent may be used dry or moist and is available in film, powder, and sponge forms? a. Chemical hemostatics b. Oxidized cellulose c. Avitene Microfibrillar Collagen Hemostat (MCH) d. Absorbable gelatin

Which hemostatic agent promotes platelet aggregation leading to clot formation? a. Surgicel b. Avitene c. Thrombin d. NuKnit

Which hemostatic agent causes adhesion formation if it comes in contact with nonbleeding tissues? a. Surgicel b. Avitene c. Gelfoam d. NuKnit

Avitene Microfibrillar Collagen Hemostat (MCH) is derived from a. bovine corium collagen. b. purified pork skin. c. purified beeswax. d. an astringent plant.

Which hemostatic agent should be used immediately after it is reconstituted? a. Avitene b. Instat MCH c. Thrombostat d. Helistat

Which hemostatic agent creates a mechanical barrier to control bleeding? a. Tannic acid b. Silver nitrate c. Collastat d. Bone wax

Which hemostatic agent causes a chemical burn to stop capillary bleeding? a. Silver nitrate b. Konakion c. Helistat d. Heparin

Which type of agent is used to correct deficiencies in the natural clotting mechanism and may be administered preoperatively or intraoperatively? a. Systemic coagulants b. Chemical hemostatics c. Thrombin d. Collagen hemostatics

Which one of the following is not a systemic coagulant? a. Vitamin K b. Protamine sulfate c. Calcium salts d. Hemofil-M

Which systemic coagulant is contraindicated in patients with a history of malignant hyperthermia? a. Calcium salts b. Vitamin K c. Hemofil-M d. Factor VIII

Intravenous administration of _________ is associated with anaphylactic reactions and should not be attempted unless no other venue is available. a. calcium salts b. vitamin K c. anti-hemophilic factor (AHF) d. factor IX

Anticoagulants are used for any of the following reasons except a. to prevent pulmonary embolism. b. to prevent venous thrombosis. c. to dissolve blood clots causing a myocardial infarction. d. postoperative prophylactic therapy for patients with a history of arterial stasis.

Which parenteral anticoagulant is used most often? a. Protamine sulfate b. Calcium chloride c. Enoxaparin sodium d. Heparin sodium

Heparin is measured in a. milliliters. b. milligrams. c. units. d. drams.

Which one of the following is not a function of heparin? a. Inhibition of factor X b. Breakdown of fibrin c. Interfering with prothrombin-to-thrombin conversion d. Interference with platelet aggregation

What is the onset of heparin (in minutes)? a. 5 b. 10 c. 15 d. 20

What is the duration of heparin (in hours)? a. 1 to 2 b. 2 to 4 c. 6 to 12 d. 12 to 24

Heparin is available in vials of solutions in each of the following concentrations (in units/mL) to be used at the sterile field except a. 150. b. 1000. c. 5000. d. 10,000.

Which solution may be used as an irrigation solution at the sterile field during an atrioventricular (AV) fistula insertion? a. 100 units heparin in 3000 mL saline b. 1000 units heparin in 100 mL saline c. 5000 units heparin in 1000 mL saline d. 10,000 units heparin in 100 mL saline

Which drug is used to reverse the effect of heparin? a. Enoxaparin sodium b. Lovenox c. Calcium chloride d. Protamine sulfate

Which form of anticoagulant is used for long-term management of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)? a. Parenteral b. Oral c. Thrombolytics d. Factor XIII

What is the generic name for Coumadin? a. Warfarin sodium b. Vitamin K c. Anistreplase d. Urokinase

What is the onset of Coumadin? a. 2 or more days b. 8 to 12 days c. 16 to 24 hours d. 12 to 72 hours

What is the duration of Coumadin? a. 8 to 12 days b. 16 to 24 hours c. 2.5 to 5 days d. 12 to 72 hours

Which medication is not an oral anticoagulant? a. Aspirin b. Coumadin c. Streptokinase d. Acetylsalicylic acid

Which group of drugs is given intravenously to dissolve existing blood clots? a. Parenteral anticoagulants b. Oral anticoagulants c. Thrombolytics d. Factor XIII inhibitors

Which medication is not a thrombolytic drug? a. Streptokinase b. Warfarin c. Urokinase d. Alteplase

What types of hemostatics are used on areas of capillary bleeding? a. Subcutaneous b. Intravenous c. Intramuscular d. Topical

Which agent is a systemic anticoagulant? a. Gelfoam b. Heparin c. Vitamin K d. Avitene

Thrombolytic medications are used to treat all of the following conditions except a. deep vein thrombosis (DVT). b. pulmonary embolism (PE). c. myocardial infarction. d. hemorrhage.

Which vitamin serves a vital role in coagulation? a. K b. D c. A d. C

Which procedure is performed to remove a blood clot? a. Carotid endarterectomy b. Arterial embolectomy c. Venous endarterectomy d. Open heart surgery

All of the following materials are topical hemostatics except a. Gelfoam. b. Surgicel. c. bone wax d. Vitamin k

Avitene must be applied with a __________ instrument. a. large b. wet c. dry d. warm

Bone wax is used primarily in which surgical specialty? a. General surgery b. Gynecology c. Neurosurgery d. Otorhinolaryngology

Vitamin K is available as a. phytonadione. b. protamine sulfate. c. heparin sodium. d. Warfarin.

Which naturally occurring mechanism is the most dominant in blood? a. Coagulants b. Vitamin K c. Anticoagulants d. Calcium

A blood clot within an intact blood vessel is called a(n) a. embolus. b. thrombus. c. thrombosis. d. coagulant.

Damage to small blood vessels causes a series of reactions that produce a protein called a. thrombin. b. thromboplastin. c. plasma. d. fibrin.

A “net” that traps blood cells to form a clot is called a. fibrin. b. thrombin. c. platelets. d. plasma.

How long does the intrinsic pathway take to form a clot? a. Seconds b. Minutes c. Hours d. Days

If a venous clot breaks off and travels to the heart, it is called a(n) a. thrombus. b. coagulant. c. embolus. d. thrombosis.

Which hemostatic agent was developed to treat severe traumatic bleeding on the battlefield? a. Gelfoam b. Bone wax c. QuikClot d. Silver nitrate

A tiny piece of Gelfoam used during a tympanoplasty procedure is called a a. pledget. b. platelet. c. gelfilm. d. floseal.

_____________ is an example of a flowable form of absorbable gelatin. a. Gelfoam b. Gelfilm c. Tisseel d. Floseal

Which hemostatic agent can be used in the presence of a gram-positive microorganism? a. Surgicel b. Gelfoam c. Avitene d. Bone wax

Calcium and vitamin K play vital roles in the process of clot formation. true/false

true

Hemostatic agents are effective against major arterial or venous bleeding. true/false

false