ANYTHING THAT IS PRODUCED WITH THE INTENT OF CONVEYING A MEANING TO AN AUDIENCE, INCORPORATING BOTH SPOKEN AND WRITTEN ACTS OF COMMUNICATION AND THE ASSOCIATED USE OF IMAGES, VISUAL AND AURAL STIMULI

MEANS THE EXPERIENCE, THE ENVIRONMENT, OR THE EVENT TO WHICH THE WRITTEN WORDS HAD COME FROM.

AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE AUTHOR’S BACKGROUND

THINGS TO CONSIDER WHEN READING THROUGH A BIOGRAPHICAL CONTEXT:

EXAMINING THE FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE WRITING OF A LITERARY TEXT AND HOW THE WORK WAS RECEIVED BY THE READERS DURING THE TIME IT WAS WRITTEN.

SHOWS CLASS STRUGGLE EXAMINES OPPRESSION, SOCIAL CONFLICTS, AND SOLUTION TO THESE STRUGGLES

EXAMINES THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN LITERATURE

THREE PHASES OF FEMINISM (ELAIN SHOWALTER)

LOOKS INTO CHANGES IN THE ATTITUDE OF THE POST COLONIES AFTER THE COLONIAL PERIOD

FOCUSES ON THE LANGUAGE USED IN THE LITERARY WORK AND HOW IT IS USED TO CONVEY MEANING.

A RANGE OF INTERTEXTUAL CONNECTIONS; A MODEL OF UNIVERSAL STRUCTURE

FOCUSES ON THE STRUCTURE OF A PARTICULAR TEXT

OTHER UNDERLYING STRUCTURES THAT MAY HAVE DIFFERENT INTERPRETATIONS BASED ON HOW THE WORDS/PHRASES WERE USED IN THE TEXT.

BEING A CRITICAL READER MEANS THAT YOU ARE LOOKING FOR WAYS OF THINKING ABOUT THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THE TEXT THAT YOU ARE READING.

critical reading strategies

IS LEARNING ABOUT A TEXT BEFORE REALLY READING IT.

SEEING WHAT YOU CAN LEARN FROM THE HEADNOTES OR OTHER INTRODUCTORY MATERIAL, SKIMMING TO GET AN OVERVIEW OF THE CONTENT AND ORGANIZATION

QUESTIONING TO UNDERSTAND AND REMEMBER (ASKING QUESTIONS ABOUT THE CONTENT)

PLACING A TEXT IN ITS HISTORICAL, BIOGRAPHICAL, AND CULTURAL CONTEXTS.

RECOGNIZE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN YOUR CONTEMPORARY VALUES AND ATTITUDES AND THOSE REPRESENTED IN THE TEXT.

REFLECTING ON CHALLENGES TO YOUR BELIEFS AND VALUES; EXAMINING YOUR PERSONAL RESPONSES

IDENTIFYING THE MAIN IDEAS AND RESTATING THEM IN YOUR WORDS

IDENTIFYING THE BASIC STRUCTURE OF THE TEXT MAIN IDEAS AND SUPPORTING IDEAS

DEPENDS ON A CLOSE ANALYSIS OF EACH PARAGRAPH

REQUIRES CREATIVE SYNTHESIS

TESTING THE LOGIC OF A TEXT AS WELL AS ITS CREDIBILITY AND EMOTIONAL IMPACT

DRAWING MEANING FROM WHAT YOU HAVE READ

is the main idea or underlying meaning a writer explorers in a novel, short story, or other literary work.

are generally neither positive nor negative, they are simply inaccurate generalizations of the male and female attributes

are those that revolve around issues such as climate change and loss of biodiversity.

popular narratives constitute powerful tools that shape the socio-cultural context of environmental change, influence policy making and inform public understanding.

literature and environmental studies are commonly called....

a set of personal and behavioral characteristics which define an individual as a member of a certain group.

symbolic and non-symbolic behavior

shared heritage history traditions values language

the ability/right to speak, express, do anything without anyone or anything restricting them

not having to conform to what society or a person authority demands for them

protagonist learn that they can decide who they want to be until they realize how difficult that decision is

this theme may be presented as choice, self acceptance, identity crisis, hiding one's identity or a twist identity.

as a domain force in the works of the earliest literatures

considered as one of the universal themes

to remind readers that war is still very much a contemporary issue

to comprehend the war experience

it could mean a violent and large scale event occurring in the natural world

vast changes in the environment which drastically affect human life

disaster stories represent everything readers fear most

theatrics of science fiction include prophetic warnings and utopian aspirations

writers of science fiction often seek or new scientific and technical development in order to predict the techno social changes that will enlighten the reader sense of cultural propriety and expand their consciousness