ODS

100問 • 1年前

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bacteria attachment zones can be defined into distinct areas, select the most appropriate response?

tooth attached, tissue attached and unattached

bacteria that have a double cell membrane and do not stain purple with crystal violet are called ?

anaerobic

which structure of a biofilm facilitates the movement of nutrients to the bacteria ?

fluid channels

calculus is considered a risk because?

the surface of calculus is irregular and provides a place for bacteria to grow undisturbed

the composition of dental calculus consists of organic and inorganic substances

true

select red appropriate statement of how hemidosomes?

a cell junction that connects the epithelial cells to the basal lamina

what is the name of the epithelium that forms the bases of the sulcus and joins the gingiva to the tooth

junctional epithelium

connective tissue comprises a gel like substance, fibres and few cells

true

what % of halitosis cases originate from the oral cavity

Genuine halitosis can be sub-divided into

physiologic and pathologic

Halitophobia can be described as

A fear of others noticing an individual has oral malodour

A more recent revised aetiological classification has been proposed which further divides pathological halitosis into how many types?

The gold standard measure of halitosis is

Organoleptic measurements

Which of the following are potential oral causes of halitosis?

Xerostomia, ANUG, Dry Socket, Orthodontic Appliance

Which of the following are potential non-oral/other causes of halitosis?

Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Alcohol, Gastric Reflux, SinusitisSinusitis

How can halitosis be managed by the dental hygienist/dental therapist?

OHI, fluoride varnish, pmpr, smoking and alcohol sessation, diet advice, chlorohexadine mouthwash, xerostomia advice

What are the main compounds responsible for intra-oral halitosis?

volatile sulphur compounds

When should the dental hygienist/dental therapist consider an onward referral for halitosis ?

sucpicious lesion, halitophobia, halitosis persists after addressing intra oral issues

A cumulative BEWE score of 18 for a patient means:

There is more than 50% tooth wear in each sextant

Clinical signs of dental erosion include

Scooped out lesions on the occlusal surfaces of the first permanent molars, Labial surface lesions on the maxillary incisors

Dental abrasion is tooth wear resulting from:

Frequent exposure to objects/factors other than teeth or acids

Dentine hypersensitivity symptoms:

May be a sign of active tooth wear if dentine is exposed

In preventing dental erosion, dietary advice should include:

Limiting acid consumption to three or less times per day

In the BEWE, a sextant score of 2 is given for:

A sextant where there is less than 50% loss of tooth structure

In the BEWE, a sextant score of 3 is given for:

A sextant where there is more than 50% loss of tooth structure

Select the incorrect statement:

Tooth wear is reversible

The BEWE acronym stands for;

Basic Erosive Wear Examination

The critical pH of enamel:

Reduces when fluoride is incorporated in the structure of enamel

The main purpose of the BEWE tool is:

To screen for signs of tooth wear

The prevalence of tooth wear is significantly associated with agE. This means that:

As people age, they are more likely to experience tooth wear

Tooth wear where the dominant aietioloical factor is tooth-tooth contact is called:

Dental attrition

When assessing a patients’ risk of tooth wear, it is essential to consider

The rate and severity of wear compared to the patients’ age

When dentine is exposed, the minimum BEWE score for the sextant would be:

Where there are no signs of tooth wear in a sextant, the BEWE score would be:

Which salivary factor enhances the protection of the teeth against tooth wear:

Buffering action of stimulated saliva that neutralises oral acids

Which salivary factors can pre-dispose a patient to tooth wear?

Reduced quantity and quality of saliva limiting protective potential

Which statement best describes dental erosion:

Dental erosion is the irreversible loss of hard tissue due to chemical process of acid dissolution

Which Cranial bone houses the Foramen Magnum

occipital bone

How many bones make up the Neurocranium

8 bones

If you are suffering with a headache which cranial bones might you be rubbing/massaging

temporal bones

The cranial cavity is made of flat and irregular bones

true

Which of the following groups of bones are flat bones

Occipital Parietal, Frontal

The Infratemporal fossa serves as a passageway for what important structure

mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve

Which best describes the Ethmoid Bone

Its is situated in the paranasal sinuses

crista Galli are a feature of which bone

Ethmoid bone

Where would you find the Foramen Ovale, and what important structure passes through this

middle cranial fossa

Which of the following are NOT sutures marks associated with the cranium

Squeamish, Sagittarius

The Sphenoid bone is one of the 7 bones that form the orbit

true

Which of the following is NOT a paired bone

mandible

Which bone is anterior to the temporal bone

sphenoid

Which bone is anterior to the temporal1 mark bone

Inside the nasal cavity

The Hyoid bone is connected to what via ligaments

Posterior portion of the mandible

The Hyoid bone is involved in all the 1 mark following except

Allowing head to pivot

What bone is the most fragile bone of1 mark the skull

lacrimal bone

bacterial location in the initial lesion is

supragingivally

gingival Cervicular fluid increases as the initial, early, established and advanced lesion progresses

true

A well-organized community of bacteria that adheres to surfaces and is embedded in an extracellular slime layer is termed:

Biofilm

Bacteria that have a double cell membranes and that do not stain purple with crystal violet are called

anaerobic

Microbial plaque is considered the primary cause of periodontal disease

true

Plaque biofilms are best removed by using mouthwash and adjustive chemical agentsPlaque biofilms are best removed by using mouthwash and adjustive chemical agents

false

The term biofilm can be defined as a complex dynamic microbial community embedded within extracellular matrix

true

The term biofilm can be defined as a simple dynamic microbial community embedded within extracellular matrix

false

Which of the following would be most effective in controlling the bacteria in a dental plaque biofilm?Which of the following would be most effective in controlling the bacteria in a dental plaque biofilm?

toothbrush and floss

Which structure of a biofilm facilitates the movement of nutrients to the bacteria?

Fluid channels

A more recent revised aetiological classification has been proposed which further divides pathological halitosis into how many types?

How can halitosis be managed by the dental hygienist/dental therapist?

Treatment of periodontal condition, Oral hygiene instruction, Xerostomia advice, diet advice, Smoking and alcohol cessation

The gold standard measure of halitosis is

Organoleptic measurements

A patient with a thin gingival biotype will have

Delicate gingival tissue, translucent in appearance with a minimal zone of attached gingiva

Gingival recession can be seen in the following patients

In rapid orthodontic movement in adults.

Patients with gingival recession frequently complain of sensitive teeth

true

The relevant anatomical landmarks when measuring recession include from the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) to the base of the periodontal pocket

false

Describe in detail 5 inflammatory causative associated with gingival recession

gingival biotipe, periodontal disease, smoking, poor marginal fit of restoration, orthodontic movement

Describe in detail 5 mechanical causative factors associated with gingival recession

toothbrush trauma, traumatic incisor relationship, trauma from foreign body, abnormal frenal attachment, iatrogenic damage

Describe in detail the impact of gingival recession on the patient 7 marks

aesthetic considerations, can cause root caries, food trapping, plaque stagnation, confidence, speaking, comfort

What are the relevant anatomical landmarks when measuring recession ?

from cemento enamel junction to the gingival margin

What do you understand by the term Loss of Attachment (LOA) and how is it measured?

term used to assess current periodontal status and the possible historical tissue loss. it is a combination of recession and probing depth combined

what is meant by the term thin gingival biotype?

gingival tissue tends to be delicate and almost translucent in appearance. tissue appears friable with a minimal zone of attached gingiva

What is a gingival veneer and when would it be clinically indicated ?

removable acrylic facing that improves the aesthetic appearance of a patient with advanced and generalised recession

What is shown in the picture above and when would something like this be indicated?

gingival Vaneer - removable acrylic facing used for patients with aesthetic concerns of their generalised and advanced recession

Why do patients with gingival recession frequently complain of sensitive teeth?

uncovers root surface Dentine creating hypersensitivity for the patient

Calculus is considered a risk factor because:Calculus is considered a risk factor because:

The surface of calculus is irregular and provides a place for bacteria to grow undisturbed

Dental calculus is mineralised petrified dental plaque and does not directly cause to progression of periodontal disease

true

Kate attends the dental surgery presenting complaining that she always forms calculus on her lower anterior linguals and upper buccal molars. You reassured Kate with the following information (Select the most appropriate answer) Question 3

Kate is more at risk for forming calculus in these areas as they are located near salivary glands

Methods of calculus detection are:

Radiographs, vision, probing

Sam has had several crowns and implants fitted seven months ago. He has only attended the dental hygiene appointment for the first time since the prosthesis were fitted. (Select the most appropriate answer)

Sam is at risk of plaque and calculus growth on his prosthetic appliances and must attend dental hygiene appointments regularly

Supra and sub gingival calculus both derive their minerals from saliva

false

The composition of dental calculus consists of organic & inorganic substances

true

The composition of inorganic material in dental calculus is 10-30%

false

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism for attachment of calculus to a tooth surface?

Attachment to the blood clots that can form on the tooth

the action of which muscle is to compress and protrude the lips?

Orbicularis Oris

The Depressor Anguli Oris originates beneath the angle of the mandible, and inserts into the corner of the mouthThe Depressor Anguli Oris originates beneath the angle of the mandible, and inserts into the corner of the mouth

true

The Levator Labii Superioris originates from the canine fossa and elevates the corner of the mouth

False

Which muscle is innervated by the cervical branch of the facial nerve? Question 4

Platysma

Which muscle is supplied by the masseteric nerve?

Masseter

Which muscle is supplied by the temporal branch of the facial nerve

OccipitofrontalisOccipitofrontalis

Which muscle of facial expression is being described: originates from the bridge of the nose, supplied by the temporal artery and pulls the eyebrows medially?

Corrugator

Which muscle of mastication is being described: fan shaped muscle, inserts into the coronoid process and ramus of the mandible, elevates the mandible, supplied by the deep temporal nerve

Temporalis

Which muscle of mastication is being described: short thick muscles originating from 2 heads, upper head originates from the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, inserts into the pterygoid fovea, opens and protrudes the mouth.

Lateral Pterygoid

Which of these is not a movement of the mandible?

Abduction

100

At what age do the first permanent molars calcify?

Birth/just before

FCSP

FCSP

BMS

BMS

ODS 2

ODS 2

FCSP 2

FCSP 2

bms3

bms3

radiography

radiography