It refers to the physical components of a computer system that you can touch and see. This includes items like the Central Processing Unit (CPU), memory chips, storage devices, monitors, keyboards, and more

It refers to the set of instructions or programs that tell the hardware how to operate.

Operates behind the scenes to manage hardware resources

Directly assists users in performing specific tasks

It used to input data into a computer

It used to output data into a computer

It stores data and programs permanently or temporarily.

It is responsible for processing data and executing instructions.

The "brain" of the computer, responsible for performing calculations and executing instructions

Specialized processor for handling graphics and visual output, often used for gaming and multimedia applications.

Temporary storage that provides space for the computer to read and write data to be accessed by the CPU quickly.

It is used to connect computers and devices to networks, enabling communication and data transfer.

Directs data packets between different networks, such as between a local network and the internet.

Connects multiple devices within a local network, allowing them to communicate efficiently.

Modulates and demodulates signals for internet connectivity, translating data between digital and analog forms.

It directs the operation of the processor. It fetches instructions from memory, decodes them, and then signals the necessary parts of the CPU to execute these instructions.

It performs all arithmetic (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division) and logic operations (such as comparing values or determining whether conditions are true or false).

It is small, high-speed storage locations within the CPU. They store intermediate data and instructions that the CPU is currently working on.

It is a type of volatile memory used by a computer to store data that is actively being used or processed by the CPU.

It uses flip-flops to store data, which makes it faster and more reliable than DRAM, but also more expensive.

It is the most common type of RAM used in computers and other devices. It stores each bit of data in a separate capacitor within an integrated circuit.

It refers to the environmentally responsible use of computers and related resources.

It is a collection of data or instructions that tell a computer how to work

It acts as the interface between the user and the machine

Manages the hardware and basic system operations.

Designed to help users perform specific tasks.

Handles system maintenance and optimization tasks.

Tools used to write, test, and develop software programs, This category includes programs and environments that enable developers to create other software.