問題一覧
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In referncing APA format the font is __ the spacing is ___ the indention is ____ and the listing is___.
TIMES NEW ROMAN, 12 DOUBLE HANGING ALPHABETICAL
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These are generally produce
BOOKS
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How to cite a BOOK with ONE AUTHOR
Miro, F. (2014). Routine Activity Theory. The Encyclopedia of Theoritical Criminology. Blackwell Publishing, LTD. Perlmutter, D (1962) Policing the Media: Street Cops and Public Perceptions of Law Enforcement. Sage Publications Inc.
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How to cite a BOOK with TWO AUTHORS
Brown, S. E. & Geis, G. (2010). Criminology: Explaining Crime and Its Context. Anderson Publishing, LexisNexis Group. VII.
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In citing a BOOK with EIGHT AUTHORS ABOVE what to write in the first six names of the authors
ELLIPSIS
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How to cite MODULES
Barrera, D. (2016). Criminological Research and Statistics Moduel. Negros Oriental State University.
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serve as the building blocks or skeleton for the foundation or bases of the study. It strengthens your study.
THEORETICAL/CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
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a concept formulated to explain, predict, and understand a phenomenon.
THEORY
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skeleton, a basic structure or frame of reference designed to support something
FRAMEWORK
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How to write a theoretical framework?
Examine the research problem and consider the key variables in your research study. Review your related literatur e and choose the theory applicable to your study. Discuss the theory and its relation to your present study. Include the author or proponent of the study. Identify its elements or theoretical principles and evaluate its relationship or relevancy to your study
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Example of prompts
The study is anchored on... This study supported by the theory of.... This study is founded on the theory of.... The theoretical underpinning of this study is....
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Its how you introduce your theory
PROMPTS
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INTRODUCTION
Contains the background information of the research topic and sets the stage for the entire study through establishing the issue/concern leading to the research. It is important because it is the initial passage in your research paper or your study. This will discourage or encourage the readers to read further your study. This is where the reader will find the significance of your study It is a careful presentation of the importance and validity of your research problem. The goal of the research introduction is to convince the readers on the validity and necessity of your research study
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Technique in Writing that -The research problem, -Studies that have addressed the problem, -Deficiencies in the study, (conflict, gaps, blanks spots, blind spots) -The importance of the study for an audience, and -The purpose of the statement
DEFICIENCIES MODEL(CRESWELL,2012)
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Technique of writing that -Trends - highlight the trends as to what are the current situations involving the focal point of your study You need to cite or use latest references and citations. -Issues - identify the issues and the gaps. -Objectives - mention your objectives. -Contributions - mention the contributions of your study to the readers.
T.I.O.C APPROACH(Nuqui, 2019)
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Technique in writing that -Provide the general background/topic; -Define variables, -Organize present facts and statistics, -Provide legal bases of your study, and -Mention the reasons why the research will be conducted.
INVERTED PYRAMID APPROACH
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It is the taking of snapshots capturing the major concepts of your topic and showing their relationships. It is also the process of compiling, classifying, and evaluating what other researchers have written on a certain topic (Pangilinan, 2016)
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE (RRL)
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What is the purpose of RRL?
-Improves your understanding of your topic. -To update your readers on your topic. -It makes your research study objective and empirical
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What are the steps to writing RRL
COLLECT ANALYZE AND EVALUATE ARRANGE/OUTLINE SUMMARIZE AND WRITE
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published academic/scholarly peer-reviewed sources only.
COLLECT
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Start reading the main title and the subheads. Next read the abstract and the introduction.
SKIMMING AND SCANNING
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Reading the literature thoroughly by reading it word for word and taking down notes which are relevant to your study.
ANALYTICAL READING
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make an outline on how will you organize your collected literatures.
ARRANGE OR OUTLINE
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These are local literature/studies followed by foreign literature/studies
TRADITIONAL
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This is from older to recent year. Old publications to new publications
CHRONOLOGICAL
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This is organizing your sources according to key themes or sub-topics or your major topics
THEMATIC
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comparing different research methods being used across studies.
METHODOLOGICAL
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It is discussing opposing theories or models from sources
THEORETICAL
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This require you to go back to your outline, connect and write your review of related literature.
SUMMARIZE AND WRITE
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Three parts of SUMMARIZE AND WRITE
INTRODUCTION MAIN BODY CONCLUSION