It consists of all commercial transactions between two or more countries.

Widening set of interdependent relationships among people from differ parts of a world that happens to be divided into nations.

tangible products/goods that are sent out of a country

goods brought into a country

construction projects performed under contract and transferred to owners when they are operational

arrangement in which a company provides personnel to perform general or specialized management functions for another

earnings from licensing agreements

a non-controlling financial interest in another country

companies that work together in joint ventures, licensing, minority ownership, and long-term contractual arrangements

another term for collaborative arrangements, but usually refers to an agreement that is critical importance to one or kore partners or to an agreement that does not involve joint ownership

politics often determines where and how international business can take place

countries’ behavioral norms influence how companies should operate there

learned norms based on the values, attitudes, and beliefs of a group pf people

people are task-oriented

has less compulsion to wrap things up and put dealings with friends ahead of business dealings

people that were able to internalize more than one national culture

occurs as a reaction to social and economic situations that present people with new alternatives

determined by birth

companies align management styles with superior-subordinate interaction preferences

little consultation between superior and subordinate

people believe that every event in life is inevitable

people are more comfortable when working simultaneously on a variety of tasks

emotional and psychological distress suffered by some people when they return home after a number of years overseas

reflects the conviction that one’s own culture is superior to that of other countries

holds that the ownership of assets, the allocation of resources, the structure of industries, the conduct of companies, and the actions of managers share a common goal: improve the welfare of the society

holds that there are multiple opinions about an issue, each of which contains part of the truth, but none that contain the entire truth

all citizens are politically and legally equal

political system whereby three or more parties govern, either separately or as a part of a coalition

tolerates no deviation from state ideology and often lacks an ideology to politicize public and private life

refers to the threat that decisions or events in a country will negatively effect the profitability and sustainability of ẩn investment

sets of beliefs, values, and principles that shape your understanding on policies and society

new companies locate in areas with numerous competitors and suppliers

total set of greenhouse gasses emitted

non-merchandise international earnings, referred to as invisibles

when a company allows another to use its assets

mode of business in which one party allows another to use a trademark as an essential asset of the franchisee’s business

the investor takes a controlling interest in a foreign company

usually refers to any company with fdi

involves imposing certain elements from an alien culture that, over time, becomes part of the subject culture

blending of different cultural norms

include those based on religion, political affiliation, educational place and achievement, and profession

consultative style

improve skills outside the organization

dependence on the organization

features that inform people about the natute of something

people may prefer to work sequentially

some cultures prefer to establish overall principles before they try to resolve small issues

culture in which people focus more on details than on abstract principles

frustrations that results from having to absorb a vast array of new cultural cues and expectations

tends to believe that its business units abroad should act like local companies

structural dimensions and power dynamics of the government

the primacy of individual freedom, self-expression, and personal independence