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  • 問題数 59 • 2/24/2024

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    問題一覧

  • 1

    Which term refers to the vegetative portion of a cannabis plant from a strain containing low levels of THC?

    Hemp

  • 2

    In what year did marijuana become outlawed at the federal level for all uses?

    1971

  • 3

    Which cannabinoids are psychoactive? Select all that apply.

    ∆9-THC

  • 4

    Drugs that increase the expression of which class of drug metabolizing enzymes would be expected to decrease the half-life of THC in the body of users?

    CYPs

  • 5

    THC metabolites are primarily eliminated from the body through which process?

    Defecation

  • 6

    You work for a company that has a strict “no-drugs” policy. A person that you are in the process of hiring takes a drug test that comes back positive for marijuana. They tell you that they have not consumed any form of cannabis or THC in the past few weeks. Is it possible that they are telling the truth?

    Yes

  • 7

    Activation of the CB1 receptor causes a(n) _______ in the production of cAMP.

    decrease

  • 8

    Which endocannabinoid receptor is responsible for the psychoactive effects of cannabis?

    CB1

  • 9

    CB1 receptors are primarily found on _________ neurons.

    presynaptic

  • 10

    Endocannabinoids are primarily produced in ________ neurons.

    postsynaptic

  • 11

    Which endocannabinoid exerts the largest control in the human body

    2-AG

  • 12

    Where in the body are endocannabinoids stored

    They are not stored in the body

  • 13

    A patient successfully uses intermittent THC consumption to control panic attacks. This is most likely due to its ________.

    inhibition of glutamatergic neurons

  • 14

    A patient successfully uses regular, moderate consumption of CBD containing beverages to control general anxiety. This is most likely due to its ________.

    activation of the serotonin receptor

  • 15

    Which statement best describes the physiological role of the endocannabinoid system in learning extinction?

    Activation of the CB1 receptor increases learning extinction

  • 16

    A patient successfully uses intermittent THC consumption to control panic attacks. This is most likely due to its ________.

    AEA

  • 17

    In general, it appears that cannabis use _______ depressive symptoms. Correct!

    Increase

  • 18

    With our current knowledge, does cannabis cause acute psychosis?

    Yes

  • 19

    With our current knowledge, does cannabis cause persistent psychosis?

    We cannot yet tell with certainty

  • 20

    With our current knowledge, does cannabis use in adolescence cause adult psychosis?

    We cannot yet tell with certainty

  • 21

    With our current knowledge, can cannabis be used to reduce psychotic symptoms?

    Yes

  • 22

    Is THC expected to increase or decrease short-term memory?

    Decrease

  • 23

    The other day, I was walking through Walmart and saw something that was on my list but was not on the appropriate shelf. I assumed something was wrong with it and continued to where the item should have been. It turned out that they were sold out and the misplaced item I had seen was the only one left in the store. I then had to remember where I had seen it and go back to get it, relying on my spatial memory. Would a CB1 agonist be expected to make this task easier or more difficult?

    More Difficult

  • 24

    In which region of the brain would you expect to see the effects of CB1 agonists on the memory?

    The center

  • 25

    Is cannabis addictive?

    Yes

  • 26

    Are high or low doses of THC expected to cause a larger reward response?

    Low

  • 27

    A cigarette smoker that has successfully quit smoking, begins smoking marijuana. Does this make them more or less likely to restart smoking cigarettes?

    More Likely

  • 28

    Endocannabinoids most directly reduce the expression of which hormone?

    Leptin

  • 29

    Neuropeptide Y _______ appetite.

    Increases

  • 30

    The reward response received from eating is primarily dependent on which endocannabinoid receptor?

    CB1

  • 31

    Rimonabant would be expected to ______ levels of melanocortin.

    Increase

  • 32

    Based on our current understanding, which would work best as an anti-emetic?

    CB1 Agonist

  • 33

    Administration of which dose would be most likely to increase acute vomiting (ignore hyperemesis)?

    200 mg/kg CBD

  • 34

    A physician aims to reduce nausea in a patient by using CBDA. Which route of administration of cannabis are they most likely to prescribe?

    Tincture

  • 35

    Which compound appears to be the primary endocannabinoid responsible for the prevention of nausea under normal conditions?

    AEA

  • 36

    Which compound appears to be the primary endocannabinoid responsible for the reduction of nausea once it has occurred?

    2-AG

  • 37

    Would THC be expected to increase or decrease the measured time in a mouse tail-flick experiment?

    Increase

  • 38

    For which source of pain would CBD be least effective as a single-agent therapy?

    A patient in the ER with a gunshot wound

  • 39

    For which source of pain would a CB2 agonist be least effective as a single-agent therapy?

    A patient in the ER with a gunshot wound

  • 40

    With which current analgesic would cannabis show a synergistic effect?

    Fentanyl

  • 41

    THC’s pro-convulsant effects are most likely mediated through which type of neuron?

    GABAergic

  • 42

    You take a blood sample from a long-term epilepsy patient immediately following a seizure. What levels of endocannabinoids do you expect to find?

    Normal

  • 43

    Based on our current understanding, does CBD prevent seizures though its effects on glutamatergic or GABAergic neurons?

    Glutamatergic

  • 44

    What is the composition of Epidiolex?

    CBD

  • 45

    THC’s effect on which intracellular molecule/ion has the most direct neuroprotective effect?

    CA2+

  • 46

    Which drug would be the most likely to show positive effects in the treatment of multiple sclerosis?

    CB1 agonist

  • 47

    Which treatment would you expect to show the most efficacy in the treatment of Huntington’s disease?

    THC:CBD

  • 48

    Cannabis may be useful in the treatment of strokes by preventing neuron death caused by which mechanisms? Select all that apply.

    Ischemia, Inflammation, Excitotoxicity

  • 49

    The primary species of tobacco plant used for smoking purposes is _______.

    Nicotiana tabacum

  • 50

    From which part of the world did the plant that serves as the current primary source of tobacco originate?

    Americas

  • 51

    In which century did the recreational tobacco industry begin in Europe?

    1500s

  • 52

    In which century did cigars start to become popular?

    1700s

  • 53

    In which century did the cigarette industry begin booming throughout Europe?

    1800s

  • 54

    Which method of tobacco consumption utilizes acidic tobacco to increase absorption?

    Cigarrete

  • 55

    Roughly how much nicotine is found in the average cigarette?

    1 mg

  • 56

    Cigarettes have two sources of smoke. Which contains the more toxic compounds?

    Sidestream smoke

  • 57

    Is nicotine best described as an acid or base?

    Base

  • 58

    Which conditions will lead to the highest absorption of nicotine when smoked?

    Acidic during combustion, basic during inhalation

  • 59

    Which carcinogen is found in the highest concentrations in smokeless tobacco?

    Anabasine/Anatabine