問題一覧
1
Refers to actions that are prohibited by the state and punished under the law.
Legal definition of Criminal Behavior
2
Refers to an action or antisocial behavior that may be rewarding to the actor but that inflicts pain or loss to others.
Moral definition of Criminal Behavior
3
Stressful situations that when become extreme may result to maladaptive behavior.
Anxiety (Psychological Perspective)
4
The failure to learn the necessary adaptive behavior due to wrongful development. This usually results to delinquent behavior based on the failure to learn the necessary social values and norms.
Faulty Learning (Behavior Perspective)
5
Presumably, human nature tends towards cooperation and constructive activities; however, if we show aggression, cruelty or other violent behavior, the result will be an unfavorable environment.
Blocked of Distorted Personal Growth (Humanistic Perspective)
6
Self - concept in early childhood by over critical parents or by rigid socialization measures usually causes deviant behaviors among individuals because they are not contented and even unhappy among individuals because they are not contented and even unhappy to the kind of social dealings they are facing.
Unsatisfactory Interpersonal Relationship
7
Poverty, social discrimination, and destructive violence always results to deviant behavior.
Pathological Social Conditions
8
Heredity as a factor implies that criminal acts are unavoidable, inevitable consequences of bad seed or bad blood. It emphasizes genetic predisposition towards antisocial and criminal conduct,
Biological Factor
9
Refers to an act that exhibits pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continuous to adulthood such as AntiSocial Personality Disorder.
Personality Disorder Factor
10
Explains that criminal behavior is learned primarily by observing or listening people around Us.
a. Differential Association Theory by Edwin Sutherland.'
b. Imitation Suggestion Theory by Gabriel Tarde.
c. Differential Identification Theory by Daniel Classer.
Learning Factor
11
By some estimates, 60% of multiple murderers wet their beds past adolescence. Kenneth Bianchi, spent maia n seria kilor, kishaper aso rapist, parents,
Bed Wetting
12
Otis Toole and Carl Panzram were two serial killers who started fires during their childhood. Carl Panzram burned down the reformatory he was sent to. Toole set fire to a neighbor's house. Fire fascination was an early manifestation of their obsession with destruction.
Fire Starting (Fascination of Fire)
13
Most serial killers, before moving to human victims, start with animals. Ed Was per killed a sickbinhod cood. A deit sey bad head childhood home.
Animal Torture (Cruelty to Animals)
14
•They are considered as the central feature of all neurotic patterns characterized by mild depressions, fear and tensions, and mild stresses.
•When it is occasional but intense, it is called "panic"
•When it is mild but continuous, it is called "worry" which is usually accompanied by physiological symptoms such as sustained muscular tension, increased blood pressure, insomnia, etc.
Anxiety Disorders / Neurotic Fears
15
Has repetitive, irrational thoughts (obsession) and / or actions (compulsions) which usually involve some symbolic effort at conflict resolution.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders-
16
An anxiety disorder characterized by chronic mental and physical fatigue and various aches and pains. Symptoms include spending too much sleep to avoid fatigue but to no avail, even feel worse upon awake, headaches, indigestion, back pains, and dizziness.
Asthenic Disorders (Neurasthenia)
17
These refer to the persistent fear on some objects or situation that present no actual danger to the person.
Phobic Disorders
18
Complaints of bodily symptoms that suggest the presence of physical problem, but no organic basis can be found. The individual is pre-occupied with his state of health or diseases.
Somatoform Disorders
19
This refers to the excessive concern about state of health or physical condition (multiplicity about illness)
Hypochondriasis
20
It is characterized by the report of severe and lasting pain. Either no physical basis is apparent reaction greatly in excess of what would be expected from the physical abnormality.
Psychogenic Pain Disorder
21
It is a neurotic pattern in which symptoms of some physical malfunction or loss of control without any underlying organic abnormality such as paralysis, blindness, aesthesia the normal ability to experience sensation, perception, or sensitivity, etc.
Conversion Disorders (Hysteria)
22
A response to obvious stress
characterized by amnesia, multiple personality, and depersonalization.
Dissociative Disorders
23
is one of mood which is the internal state of a person, and not of affect, the external expression of emotional content (Manual of Mental Disorder).
Mood Disorders (Affective Disorders)
24
The partial or total inability to recall or identify past experiences following a traumatic incident.
Amnesia
25
It is also called "dual personalities." The reason manifests two or more symptoms of personality usually dramatically different.
Multiple Personalities
26
The loss of sense of self or the so-called out of body experience. There is a feeling of detachment from one's mental processes or body or being in a dream state. Cases of somnambulism (sleep walking) may fall under this disorder.
Depersonalization
27
It is the total loss of memory, and it cannot be retrieved by simple means.
It requires long period of medication.
Brain pathology amnesia
28
It is a failure to recall stored information and still they are beneath the level of consciousness but "forgotten material".
Psychogenic amnesia
29
Are groups of mild functional personality disorders in which there is no gross personality disorganization, the individual does not lose contact with reality, and hospitalization is not required.
Person suffering from this type is called neurotic.
Neurosis / Psychoneurosis Behaviors / Neurotic Disorder
30
a mood disorder which a person may experience which usually have 5 or more symptoms and experience them at least once a day for a period of more than 2 weeks.
• You feel sad or irritable most of the day, nearly every
• You are less interested in most activities you once enjoyed.
• You suddenly loss or gain weight or have a change in appetite.
• You have trouble falling asleep or want to sleep more than usual.
Depressive Disorders (Major Depressive Disorder)
31
It is a mild form of major depressive disorder where a person has depressed mood for most the time almost every day for at least two years. Children and adolescents may háve irritable mood, and the time frame is at least one year.
Symptoms:
• Either overeating or lack of appetite.
•Sleeping too much or having difficulty sleeping.
•Fatigue, lack of energy.
Poor self-esteem.
• Difficulty with concentration or decision making.
• Feeling hopeless.
Dysthymic Disorder / dysthymia
32
Those experienced by patients with both manic and depressive episodes. It causes changes in a person's mood, energy, and ability to function.
Bipolar Disorders / Manic-Depressive Illness
33
It can cause dramatic mood swings. During a manic episode, people with bipolar I disorder may feel high and on top of the world, or uncomfortably irritable and "revved up". During a depressive episode they may feel sad and hopeless.
There are often periods of normal moods in between these episodes. It is diagnosed when a person has a manic episode.
Bipolar I Disorder
34
It involves a person having at least one major depressive episode and at least one hypomanic episode. People return to usual function between episodes. People with bipolar II often first seek treatment because of depressive symptoms, which can be severe. People with bipolar Il often have other co-occurring mental illnesses such as an anxiety disorder or substance use disorder.
Bipolar II Disorder
35
It is a milder form of bipolar disorder involving many moodswings, with hypomania and depressive symptoms
occur often and constantly. People with
cyclothymia experience emotiohan bips land downs, but with less severe symptoms than bipolar I or II.
Cyclothymic Disorder/ cyclothymia
36
It is characterized by disrupted personal relationship, dependent or passive aggressive behavior. The person suffering from this disorder is characterized as a "problematic" without psychoses.
Personality Disorders / Disorder of Character
37
It is characterized by suspicious, rigidity, envy, hypersensitivity, excessive self-importance, argumentativeness, and tendency to blame others of one's own mistakes.
Paranoid Personality Disorder
38
This is characterized by the inability to form social relationship and lack of interest in doing so. The person seems to express their feelings, they lack social skills. They are the so-called
"loners".
Schizoid Personality Disorder
39
It is characterized by exclusiveness, over sensitivity, avoidance of communication and superstitious thinking is common.
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
40
It is characterized by immaturity, excitability, emotional instability, and self-dramatization.
Histrionic Personality Disorder
41
It is characterized by an exaggerated sense of self-importance and preoccupation with receiving attention. The person usually expects and demands special treatment from others and disregarding the rights and feeling of others.
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
42
It is characterizedby instability reflected in drastic mood shifts and behavior problems. The person usually displays intense anger outburst with little provocation, and he is impulsive, unpredictable, and periodically unstable.
Borderline Personality Disorder
43
It is characterized by hypersensitivity to rejection and apprehensive alertness to any sign of social derogation. Person is reluctant to enter into social interaction.
Avoidant Personality Disorder
44
It is characterized by extreme dependence on other people - there is acute discomfort and even panic to be alone. The person lacks confidence and feels helpless.
Dependent Personality Disorder
45
It is characterized by being hostile expressed in indirect and non-violent ways. They are so called "stubborn"
Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder
46
It is characterized by excessive concern with rules, order, and efficiency that everyone does things their way and an ability to express warm feeling. The person is over conscientious, serious, and with difficulty in doing things for relaxation.
Compulsive Personality Disorder
47
It is characterized by continuing violation of the rights of others through aggressive, anti-social behavior without remorse or loyalty to anyone.
Anti-social Personality Disorder
48
This are group of disorders involving gross structural defects in the brain tissue, severe disorientation of the mind thus it involves loss of contact with reality.
The Psychotic Behavior
49
It is typically stemmed from immature and distorted personality development, resulting in persistent maladaptive ways of perceiving, and thinking. They are generally called "personality or character disorders"
Psychopathic Behaviors/ Personality or Character Disorders
50
It is associated with a specific, identified organic cause, such as abnormalities of the brain structure. These are mental disorder that occurs when the normal brain has been damage resulted from any interference of the functioning of the brain.
Organic Mental Disorders
51
It is caused by a diffuse impairment of the brain function. Its symptoms range from mild mood changes to acute delirium.
Acute Brain Disorder
52
It is the brain disorder that result from injuries, diseases, drugs, and a variety of other conditions. Its symptoms include impairment of orientation (time, place and person), impairment of memory, learning, comprehension and judgement, emotion and self-control.
Chronic Brain Disorder
53
In most cases, the former characteristics are accompanied by delusions. The most common are beliefs that other persons are trying to control his thoughts, he may become suspicious of friends (paranoid).
Delusions and hallucinations
54
Involves intense anxious or fearful feelings and thoughts often related to persecution, threat, or conspiracy. Itis also a psychosis characterized by delusion of apprehension following a failure or frustration.
Paranoia
55
During schizophrenic episodes, the individual becomes absorbed in his inner thoughts and fantasies. The self - absorption may be so intense that the individual may not know the month or day or the place where he is staying.
Withdrawal from reality
56
It is a complex condition, a brain disease that is manifested by compulsive substance use despite harmful consequence. People with addiction (severe substance use disorder) have an intense focus on using a certain substance(s), such as alcohol or drugs, to the point that it takes over their life.
The Addictive Disorders / Psychoactive Substance-Use Disorders
57
A craving or strong urge to use the substance; desire or failed attempts to cut down or control substance use.
Impaired Control
58
Substance use causes failure to complete major tasks at work, school or home; social, work or leisure activities are given up or cut back because of substance use.
Social Problems
59
Substance is used in risky settings; continued use despite known problems.
Risky Use
60
Tolerance (need for larger amounts to get the same effect); withdrawal symptoms (different for each substance)
Drug Effects
61
Refers to the impairment to either the desire for sexual gratification or in the ability to achieve it (Coleman, 1980).
Major Categories:
1. Sexual dysfunctions
2. Paraphilia
3. Gender Identity Disorders
The Sexual Deviations / Sexual Disorders
62
It is a persistent or recurrent problem that causes marked distress and interpersonal difficulty and that may involve sexual arousal (pleasure associated with sex) and orgasm (the sudden discharge of accumulated sexual excitement during the sexual response cycle, resulting in rhythmic muscular contractions inte pelvic), It is also a disyubance in any phase of the Huysin Seical Response Edite (a four - stage model of physiological responses
during sexual stimulation).
Sexual Dysfunctions
63
• First stage; occurs as a result of any etotic physical or ments stimulation such as kissing, peting, or viewing arotic physical or mental stimulation that leads to sexual arousal
• It is characterized by an erection in males and a swelling of the clitoris and vaginal lubrication in females.
Excitement Phase / Arousal Phase / Initial Excitement Phase
64
• Second stage; The period of sexual excitement prior to orgasm manifested by further increases in circulation and heart rate occur in both sexes, sexual pleasure increases furthe in areas i laion, ver achieved or in, thiste
the peak of sexual excitement.
• Both individual may also begin to vocalize involuntarily at this stage.
• Prolonged time without progression to the orgasmic phase may result in frustration.
Plateau Phase
65
The conclusion of the plateau phase usually experiences by both individuals accompanied by quick cycles of muscle contraction in the lower pelvic muscles.
• For women, it may include uterine and vaginal contractions, vocalizations and muscular spasms in other areas of the body and a generally euphoric sensation; may also play significant roles in fertilization.
• For men, it is usually associated with ejaculation.
Orgasmic Phase
66
• Occurs after orgasm and allows the muscles to relax, blood pressure to drop and the body to slow down from its excitement state.
• Sometimes, the partner may not experience the refractory period and further stimulation may cause a return to the plateau stage.
• In the case of women, the cycle repeats almost immediately.
Resolution Phase / Refractory Period
67
It is the severe impairment of information processing in the brain affecting the basic process of attention, perception, memory and thinking;
Delirium
68
It is the deterioration in intellectual functioning after completing brain maturation. It is the defect in the process of acquiring knowledge or skill, problem solving, and judgement.
Dementia
69
It is the inability to remember on going events more than a few minutes after they have taken place.
Amnestic Syndrome
70
It is the persistent occurrence of hallucinations, the false perception that arise in full wakefulness state. This includes hallucinations on visual and hearing or both.
Hallucinosis
71
Refers on the false belief arising in a setting of known or suspected brain damage.
Organic Delusional Syndrome
72
It is the extreme/ severe manic or depressive state with the impairment of the cerebral function.
Organic Affective Syndrome
73
It is the general personality changes following brain damage.
Organic Personality Syndrome
74
It is also called "dementia paralytica", a syphilitic infection of the brain and
involving impairment of the CNS.
General Paresis
75
A tumor is a new growth involving abnormal enlargement of body tissue.
Brain tumor can cause a variety of personality alterations, and it may lead to any neurotic behavior and consequently psychotic behavior.
Disorders Involving Brain Tumor
76
It is an injury to the head as a result of falls, blows and accidents causing sensory and motor disorders.
Disorders Involving Head Injury
77
Severe mental
deterioration in old age, characterized by loss of memory and control of bodily functions.
Senile and Pre-senile Dementia
78
Characterized by sub-average general functioning existing concurrency with deficits in adaptive behavior. It is a common mental disorder before the age of 18. The person is suffering from low 1.., difficulty in focusing attention and deficiency in fast learning.
Mental retardation
79
Refers to the group of psychotic disorders characterized by gross distortions of reality, withdrawal of social interaction, disorganization and fragmentation of perception, thoughts, and emotion.
It also refers to terms such as "mental deterioration", "dementia praecox", or "split mind".Refers to the group of psychotic disorders characterized by gross distortions of reality, withdrawal of social interaction, disorganization and fragmentation of perception, thoughts, and emotion.
It also refers to terms such as "mental deterioration", "dementia praecox", or "split mind".
Schizophrenia
80
People suffering from schizophrenia often are unable to think logically and as the result of this they cannot write a story, because every word they write down might make sense, but are meaningless in relation to each other, and they cannot keep their attention to the writing.
Disturbance of thought and attention
81
During acute schizophrenic episodes, people say that the world appears different to them, their bodies appear longer, color seems more intense, and they cannot recognize themselves in a mirror.
Disturbances of perception
82
Schizophrenic persons fail to show "normal" emotions. For example, a patient may smile while talking over tragic events,
Disturbances of affection
83
Occurs during the Excitement Phase
Dysfunction of Sexual Desire
84
Marked by lack or no sexual drive or interest in sexual activity. It is characterized by a persistent, upsetting loss of sexual desire.
Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
85
Characterized by a desire to avoid genital contact with a sexual partner. It refers to persistent feelings of fear, anxiety or disgust about engaging in sex.
Sexual Aversion Disorder
86
it occurs during the Arousal/Plateau Phase
Dysfunctions of Sexual Arousal
87
It is a sexual disorder characterized by the inability to achieve or maintain erection for successful intercourse.
Erectile Insufficiency (Impotency)/ Male Erectile Disorder
88
It is a sexual disorder characterized by partial or complete failure to attain the lubrication or swelling response of sexual excitement by the female partner.
Arousal Insufficiency (Frigidity)
89
it occurs during the Orgasm
Phase
Dysfunctions of Orgasm
90
It is the unsatisfactory brief period of sexual stimulation that results to the failure of the female partner to achieve satisfaction.
Pre-mature Ejaculation
91
It is the inability to ejaculate during intercourse - resulting to worry between partners.
Retarded Ejaculation/ Male Orgasmic Disorder
92
It is a sexual disorder characterized by the difficulty in achieving orgasm, either manually or during sexual intercourse.
Female Orgasmic Dysfunction
93
It is the involuntary spasm of the muscles at the entrance to the vagina that prevent penetration of the male sex organ
Vaginismus
94
It is called painful coitus/painful sexual acts in women which either have organic or psychological basis.
Dyspareunia
95
It is an excessive (sexual urge) desire of men to have sexual intercourse.
Satyriasis
96
It is a strong sexual feeling of women with an excessive sexual urge.
Nymphomania / Furor Uterinus
97
It is a rare mental health disorder term used to indicate sexual arousal in response to sexual objects or situations.
Paraphilias
98
The display of bare breast and / or buttocks by a woman with an up - and - down lifting of the shirt and / or bra or a person exposing and / or stroking his or her genitals.
Flashing
99
The display of the bare buttocks while bending down by the pulling - down trousers and underwear. This act is more often done for the sake of humor ad or mockery than for sexual excitement.
Mooning
100
Lifting up of the skirt when not wearing underwear, to expose genitals.
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1
Refers to actions that are prohibited by the state and punished under the law.
Legal definition of Criminal Behavior
2
Refers to an action or antisocial behavior that may be rewarding to the actor but that inflicts pain or loss to others.
Moral definition of Criminal Behavior
3
Stressful situations that when become extreme may result to maladaptive behavior.
Anxiety (Psychological Perspective)
4
The failure to learn the necessary adaptive behavior due to wrongful development. This usually results to delinquent behavior based on the failure to learn the necessary social values and norms.
Faulty Learning (Behavior Perspective)
5
Presumably, human nature tends towards cooperation and constructive activities; however, if we show aggression, cruelty or other violent behavior, the result will be an unfavorable environment.
Blocked of Distorted Personal Growth (Humanistic Perspective)
6
Self - concept in early childhood by over critical parents or by rigid socialization measures usually causes deviant behaviors among individuals because they are not contented and even unhappy among individuals because they are not contented and even unhappy to the kind of social dealings they are facing.
Unsatisfactory Interpersonal Relationship
7
Poverty, social discrimination, and destructive violence always results to deviant behavior.
Pathological Social Conditions
8
Heredity as a factor implies that criminal acts are unavoidable, inevitable consequences of bad seed or bad blood. It emphasizes genetic predisposition towards antisocial and criminal conduct,
Biological Factor
9
Refers to an act that exhibits pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continuous to adulthood such as AntiSocial Personality Disorder.
Personality Disorder Factor
10
Explains that criminal behavior is learned primarily by observing or listening people around Us.
a. Differential Association Theory by Edwin Sutherland.'
b. Imitation Suggestion Theory by Gabriel Tarde.
c. Differential Identification Theory by Daniel Classer.
Learning Factor
11
By some estimates, 60% of multiple murderers wet their beds past adolescence. Kenneth Bianchi, spent maia n seria kilor, kishaper aso rapist, parents,
Bed Wetting
12
Otis Toole and Carl Panzram were two serial killers who started fires during their childhood. Carl Panzram burned down the reformatory he was sent to. Toole set fire to a neighbor's house. Fire fascination was an early manifestation of their obsession with destruction.
Fire Starting (Fascination of Fire)
13
Most serial killers, before moving to human victims, start with animals. Ed Was per killed a sickbinhod cood. A deit sey bad head childhood home.
Animal Torture (Cruelty to Animals)
14
•They are considered as the central feature of all neurotic patterns characterized by mild depressions, fear and tensions, and mild stresses.
•When it is occasional but intense, it is called "panic"
•When it is mild but continuous, it is called "worry" which is usually accompanied by physiological symptoms such as sustained muscular tension, increased blood pressure, insomnia, etc.
Anxiety Disorders / Neurotic Fears
15
Has repetitive, irrational thoughts (obsession) and / or actions (compulsions) which usually involve some symbolic effort at conflict resolution.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders-
16
An anxiety disorder characterized by chronic mental and physical fatigue and various aches and pains. Symptoms include spending too much sleep to avoid fatigue but to no avail, even feel worse upon awake, headaches, indigestion, back pains, and dizziness.
Asthenic Disorders (Neurasthenia)
17
These refer to the persistent fear on some objects or situation that present no actual danger to the person.
Phobic Disorders
18
Complaints of bodily symptoms that suggest the presence of physical problem, but no organic basis can be found. The individual is pre-occupied with his state of health or diseases.
Somatoform Disorders
19
This refers to the excessive concern about state of health or physical condition (multiplicity about illness)
Hypochondriasis
20
It is characterized by the report of severe and lasting pain. Either no physical basis is apparent reaction greatly in excess of what would be expected from the physical abnormality.
Psychogenic Pain Disorder
21
It is a neurotic pattern in which symptoms of some physical malfunction or loss of control without any underlying organic abnormality such as paralysis, blindness, aesthesia the normal ability to experience sensation, perception, or sensitivity, etc.
Conversion Disorders (Hysteria)
22
A response to obvious stress
characterized by amnesia, multiple personality, and depersonalization.
Dissociative Disorders
23
is one of mood which is the internal state of a person, and not of affect, the external expression of emotional content (Manual of Mental Disorder).
Mood Disorders (Affective Disorders)
24
The partial or total inability to recall or identify past experiences following a traumatic incident.
Amnesia
25
It is also called "dual personalities." The reason manifests two or more symptoms of personality usually dramatically different.
Multiple Personalities
26
The loss of sense of self or the so-called out of body experience. There is a feeling of detachment from one's mental processes or body or being in a dream state. Cases of somnambulism (sleep walking) may fall under this disorder.
Depersonalization
27
It is the total loss of memory, and it cannot be retrieved by simple means.
It requires long period of medication.
Brain pathology amnesia
28
It is a failure to recall stored information and still they are beneath the level of consciousness but "forgotten material".
Psychogenic amnesia
29
Are groups of mild functional personality disorders in which there is no gross personality disorganization, the individual does not lose contact with reality, and hospitalization is not required.
Person suffering from this type is called neurotic.
Neurosis / Psychoneurosis Behaviors / Neurotic Disorder
30
a mood disorder which a person may experience which usually have 5 or more symptoms and experience them at least once a day for a period of more than 2 weeks.
• You feel sad or irritable most of the day, nearly every
• You are less interested in most activities you once enjoyed.
• You suddenly loss or gain weight or have a change in appetite.
• You have trouble falling asleep or want to sleep more than usual.
Depressive Disorders (Major Depressive Disorder)
31
It is a mild form of major depressive disorder where a person has depressed mood for most the time almost every day for at least two years. Children and adolescents may háve irritable mood, and the time frame is at least one year.
Symptoms:
• Either overeating or lack of appetite.
•Sleeping too much or having difficulty sleeping.
•Fatigue, lack of energy.
Poor self-esteem.
• Difficulty with concentration or decision making.
• Feeling hopeless.
Dysthymic Disorder / dysthymia
32
Those experienced by patients with both manic and depressive episodes. It causes changes in a person's mood, energy, and ability to function.
Bipolar Disorders / Manic-Depressive Illness
33
It can cause dramatic mood swings. During a manic episode, people with bipolar I disorder may feel high and on top of the world, or uncomfortably irritable and "revved up". During a depressive episode they may feel sad and hopeless.
There are often periods of normal moods in between these episodes. It is diagnosed when a person has a manic episode.
Bipolar I Disorder
34
It involves a person having at least one major depressive episode and at least one hypomanic episode. People return to usual function between episodes. People with bipolar II often first seek treatment because of depressive symptoms, which can be severe. People with bipolar Il often have other co-occurring mental illnesses such as an anxiety disorder or substance use disorder.
Bipolar II Disorder
35
It is a milder form of bipolar disorder involving many moodswings, with hypomania and depressive symptoms
occur often and constantly. People with
cyclothymia experience emotiohan bips land downs, but with less severe symptoms than bipolar I or II.
Cyclothymic Disorder/ cyclothymia
36
It is characterized by disrupted personal relationship, dependent or passive aggressive behavior. The person suffering from this disorder is characterized as a "problematic" without psychoses.
Personality Disorders / Disorder of Character
37
It is characterized by suspicious, rigidity, envy, hypersensitivity, excessive self-importance, argumentativeness, and tendency to blame others of one's own mistakes.
Paranoid Personality Disorder
38
This is characterized by the inability to form social relationship and lack of interest in doing so. The person seems to express their feelings, they lack social skills. They are the so-called
"loners".
Schizoid Personality Disorder
39
It is characterized by exclusiveness, over sensitivity, avoidance of communication and superstitious thinking is common.
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
40
It is characterized by immaturity, excitability, emotional instability, and self-dramatization.
Histrionic Personality Disorder
41
It is characterized by an exaggerated sense of self-importance and preoccupation with receiving attention. The person usually expects and demands special treatment from others and disregarding the rights and feeling of others.
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
42
It is characterizedby instability reflected in drastic mood shifts and behavior problems. The person usually displays intense anger outburst with little provocation, and he is impulsive, unpredictable, and periodically unstable.
Borderline Personality Disorder
43
It is characterized by hypersensitivity to rejection and apprehensive alertness to any sign of social derogation. Person is reluctant to enter into social interaction.
Avoidant Personality Disorder
44
It is characterized by extreme dependence on other people - there is acute discomfort and even panic to be alone. The person lacks confidence and feels helpless.
Dependent Personality Disorder
45
It is characterized by being hostile expressed in indirect and non-violent ways. They are so called "stubborn"
Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder
46
It is characterized by excessive concern with rules, order, and efficiency that everyone does things their way and an ability to express warm feeling. The person is over conscientious, serious, and with difficulty in doing things for relaxation.
Compulsive Personality Disorder
47
It is characterized by continuing violation of the rights of others through aggressive, anti-social behavior without remorse or loyalty to anyone.
Anti-social Personality Disorder
48
This are group of disorders involving gross structural defects in the brain tissue, severe disorientation of the mind thus it involves loss of contact with reality.
The Psychotic Behavior
49
It is typically stemmed from immature and distorted personality development, resulting in persistent maladaptive ways of perceiving, and thinking. They are generally called "personality or character disorders"
Psychopathic Behaviors/ Personality or Character Disorders
50
It is associated with a specific, identified organic cause, such as abnormalities of the brain structure. These are mental disorder that occurs when the normal brain has been damage resulted from any interference of the functioning of the brain.
Organic Mental Disorders
51
It is caused by a diffuse impairment of the brain function. Its symptoms range from mild mood changes to acute delirium.
Acute Brain Disorder
52
It is the brain disorder that result from injuries, diseases, drugs, and a variety of other conditions. Its symptoms include impairment of orientation (time, place and person), impairment of memory, learning, comprehension and judgement, emotion and self-control.
Chronic Brain Disorder
53
In most cases, the former characteristics are accompanied by delusions. The most common are beliefs that other persons are trying to control his thoughts, he may become suspicious of friends (paranoid).
Delusions and hallucinations
54
Involves intense anxious or fearful feelings and thoughts often related to persecution, threat, or conspiracy. Itis also a psychosis characterized by delusion of apprehension following a failure or frustration.
Paranoia
55
During schizophrenic episodes, the individual becomes absorbed in his inner thoughts and fantasies. The self - absorption may be so intense that the individual may not know the month or day or the place where he is staying.
Withdrawal from reality
56
It is a complex condition, a brain disease that is manifested by compulsive substance use despite harmful consequence. People with addiction (severe substance use disorder) have an intense focus on using a certain substance(s), such as alcohol or drugs, to the point that it takes over their life.
The Addictive Disorders / Psychoactive Substance-Use Disorders
57
A craving or strong urge to use the substance; desire or failed attempts to cut down or control substance use.
Impaired Control
58
Substance use causes failure to complete major tasks at work, school or home; social, work or leisure activities are given up or cut back because of substance use.
Social Problems
59
Substance is used in risky settings; continued use despite known problems.
Risky Use
60
Tolerance (need for larger amounts to get the same effect); withdrawal symptoms (different for each substance)
Drug Effects
61
Refers to the impairment to either the desire for sexual gratification or in the ability to achieve it (Coleman, 1980).
Major Categories:
1. Sexual dysfunctions
2. Paraphilia
3. Gender Identity Disorders
The Sexual Deviations / Sexual Disorders
62
It is a persistent or recurrent problem that causes marked distress and interpersonal difficulty and that may involve sexual arousal (pleasure associated with sex) and orgasm (the sudden discharge of accumulated sexual excitement during the sexual response cycle, resulting in rhythmic muscular contractions inte pelvic), It is also a disyubance in any phase of the Huysin Seical Response Edite (a four - stage model of physiological responses
during sexual stimulation).
Sexual Dysfunctions
63
• First stage; occurs as a result of any etotic physical or ments stimulation such as kissing, peting, or viewing arotic physical or mental stimulation that leads to sexual arousal
• It is characterized by an erection in males and a swelling of the clitoris and vaginal lubrication in females.
Excitement Phase / Arousal Phase / Initial Excitement Phase
64
• Second stage; The period of sexual excitement prior to orgasm manifested by further increases in circulation and heart rate occur in both sexes, sexual pleasure increases furthe in areas i laion, ver achieved or in, thiste
the peak of sexual excitement.
• Both individual may also begin to vocalize involuntarily at this stage.
• Prolonged time without progression to the orgasmic phase may result in frustration.
Plateau Phase
65
The conclusion of the plateau phase usually experiences by both individuals accompanied by quick cycles of muscle contraction in the lower pelvic muscles.
• For women, it may include uterine and vaginal contractions, vocalizations and muscular spasms in other areas of the body and a generally euphoric sensation; may also play significant roles in fertilization.
• For men, it is usually associated with ejaculation.
Orgasmic Phase
66
• Occurs after orgasm and allows the muscles to relax, blood pressure to drop and the body to slow down from its excitement state.
• Sometimes, the partner may not experience the refractory period and further stimulation may cause a return to the plateau stage.
• In the case of women, the cycle repeats almost immediately.
Resolution Phase / Refractory Period
67
It is the severe impairment of information processing in the brain affecting the basic process of attention, perception, memory and thinking;
Delirium
68
It is the deterioration in intellectual functioning after completing brain maturation. It is the defect in the process of acquiring knowledge or skill, problem solving, and judgement.
Dementia
69
It is the inability to remember on going events more than a few minutes after they have taken place.
Amnestic Syndrome
70
It is the persistent occurrence of hallucinations, the false perception that arise in full wakefulness state. This includes hallucinations on visual and hearing or both.
Hallucinosis
71
Refers on the false belief arising in a setting of known or suspected brain damage.
Organic Delusional Syndrome
72
It is the extreme/ severe manic or depressive state with the impairment of the cerebral function.
Organic Affective Syndrome
73
It is the general personality changes following brain damage.
Organic Personality Syndrome
74
It is also called "dementia paralytica", a syphilitic infection of the brain and
involving impairment of the CNS.
General Paresis
75
A tumor is a new growth involving abnormal enlargement of body tissue.
Brain tumor can cause a variety of personality alterations, and it may lead to any neurotic behavior and consequently psychotic behavior.
Disorders Involving Brain Tumor
76
It is an injury to the head as a result of falls, blows and accidents causing sensory and motor disorders.
Disorders Involving Head Injury
77
Severe mental
deterioration in old age, characterized by loss of memory and control of bodily functions.
Senile and Pre-senile Dementia
78
Characterized by sub-average general functioning existing concurrency with deficits in adaptive behavior. It is a common mental disorder before the age of 18. The person is suffering from low 1.., difficulty in focusing attention and deficiency in fast learning.
Mental retardation
79
Refers to the group of psychotic disorders characterized by gross distortions of reality, withdrawal of social interaction, disorganization and fragmentation of perception, thoughts, and emotion.
It also refers to terms such as "mental deterioration", "dementia praecox", or "split mind".Refers to the group of psychotic disorders characterized by gross distortions of reality, withdrawal of social interaction, disorganization and fragmentation of perception, thoughts, and emotion.
It also refers to terms such as "mental deterioration", "dementia praecox", or "split mind".
Schizophrenia
80
People suffering from schizophrenia often are unable to think logically and as the result of this they cannot write a story, because every word they write down might make sense, but are meaningless in relation to each other, and they cannot keep their attention to the writing.
Disturbance of thought and attention
81
During acute schizophrenic episodes, people say that the world appears different to them, their bodies appear longer, color seems more intense, and they cannot recognize themselves in a mirror.
Disturbances of perception
82
Schizophrenic persons fail to show "normal" emotions. For example, a patient may smile while talking over tragic events,
Disturbances of affection
83
Occurs during the Excitement Phase
Dysfunction of Sexual Desire
84
Marked by lack or no sexual drive or interest in sexual activity. It is characterized by a persistent, upsetting loss of sexual desire.
Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
85
Characterized by a desire to avoid genital contact with a sexual partner. It refers to persistent feelings of fear, anxiety or disgust about engaging in sex.
Sexual Aversion Disorder
86
it occurs during the Arousal/Plateau Phase
Dysfunctions of Sexual Arousal
87
It is a sexual disorder characterized by the inability to achieve or maintain erection for successful intercourse.
Erectile Insufficiency (Impotency)/ Male Erectile Disorder
88
It is a sexual disorder characterized by partial or complete failure to attain the lubrication or swelling response of sexual excitement by the female partner.
Arousal Insufficiency (Frigidity)
89
it occurs during the Orgasm
Phase
Dysfunctions of Orgasm
90
It is the unsatisfactory brief period of sexual stimulation that results to the failure of the female partner to achieve satisfaction.
Pre-mature Ejaculation
91
It is the inability to ejaculate during intercourse - resulting to worry between partners.
Retarded Ejaculation/ Male Orgasmic Disorder
92
It is a sexual disorder characterized by the difficulty in achieving orgasm, either manually or during sexual intercourse.
Female Orgasmic Dysfunction
93
It is the involuntary spasm of the muscles at the entrance to the vagina that prevent penetration of the male sex organ
Vaginismus
94
It is called painful coitus/painful sexual acts in women which either have organic or psychological basis.
Dyspareunia
95
It is an excessive (sexual urge) desire of men to have sexual intercourse.
Satyriasis
96
It is a strong sexual feeling of women with an excessive sexual urge.
Nymphomania / Furor Uterinus
97
It is a rare mental health disorder term used to indicate sexual arousal in response to sexual objects or situations.
Paraphilias
98
The display of bare breast and / or buttocks by a woman with an up - and - down lifting of the shirt and / or bra or a person exposing and / or stroking his or her genitals.
Flashing
99
The display of the bare buttocks while bending down by the pulling - down trousers and underwear. This act is more often done for the sake of humor ad or mockery than for sexual excitement.
Mooning
100
Lifting up of the skirt when not wearing underwear, to expose genitals.
Anasryma