Anatomy and Physiology

100問 • 1年前

問題一覧

Which of the following activities does NOT represent an anatomical study:

d. studying how the nerves conduct electrical impulses

Whic of the following component of the control system is responsible for detecting any change and motor the value of variables?

d. receptor

All are considered negative feedback mechanism, except:

d. doing exercises

Which bacis approach to study anatomy is taken in the vast majority of medical and dental schools?

a. regional anatomy

As a student you understand that it is importannt to study how the human body works because:

b. it provides a way to understand how the body maintain external conditions.

Differentiation in an organism depicts a change in cell structure and function from generalize to specialized. This process in involved in:

a. growth and development

The mechanism of homeostasis is mainly governed by:

b. nervous and endocrine system

During summer, Pepper and her friends would go on a trip and hike at noon. As a student, Pepper knows that her body would compensate with the change in core temperature. All of the following are expected, except:

d. All the aforementioned statements are correct

Disruption in normal functioning of cells may result in death. One possible cause of disruption is occurence of disease.

c. both of the stament are correct.

There are four primary types of tissues: epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous. To be able to perform its function, each system is composed of only one specific type of tissue.

c. both of the statements are correct

Which of the following organelles are incorrectly paired with their location within the cell?

c. golgi apparatus- on the cell surface

The nucleolus:

a. is located in the cytoplasm

A cell that was producing large amounts of lipoproteins( proteins combined with lipids) for secretion from the cell would have large numbers of:

a. lysosomes

Which of these cells would most likely have the largest number of mitochondria?

b. muscle cells

Substances outside the cell membrane are called:

b. extracellular substances

According to the fluid- mosaic model of the cell membrane:

a. protein molecules that perform important cellular functions float in a lipid bilayer

— is an example of a molecule that can directly pass through the phospolipid bilayer of the plasma membrane.

a. carbon dioxide

Cell membrane are said to be selectively permeable because they:

b. allow the passage of materials in one direction but not the other

Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning the cell membrane (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

a. cholesterol within the membrane gives it added strength and flexibility

Which of the following would occur if a cell membranes were no longer selectively permeable? (Select all that apply)

a. actions potentials would no longer be generated

Unserstanding tissue structure and function is important because:

e. all of these are correct

Which of these is NOT one of the four basic tissue types?

a. glandular

All are true statement about epithelial tissue: (Select all that apply)

b. Epithelial tissue provides physical protection for organs., c. Epithelial tissue functions in absorption & secretion, d. Epithelial tissue controls the permeability into and out of an area/organ

Basement membranes:

d. function as a filter and barrier to cell or pathogen movement, attach epithelial cells to the underlying tissue and are secreted partially by epithelial cells and partially by the cells of the underlying tissue are true of basement membranes.

The most correct classification of an epithelial tissue consisting of many layers of cells, in which the outer layers are flat and thin, and the basal layers are cuboidal or columnar is:

c. stratified squamos epithelium

Epithelial cells:

e. have all of these properties

Epithelial cells that appear cube like when an organ is relaxed and flattened when the organ is distended by fluid are classified as:

d. transitional epithelium

Epithelium that consists of a single layer of cells, in which some cells are tall and thin and reach the free surface and others do not, is classified as:

b. pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Which of the following statement is true? (Select all that apply)

e. Transitional epithelum is found in cavities that can expand greatly in volume.

Which of the following characteristics of tissues and cells would aid in diffusion or the movement of materials into and out of the body through the epithelium?

b. a single layer of relatively flat, thin cells

Skin cells have the ability to regenerate and divide.

TRUE

The water can simply move across the skin.

False

The skin is composed of epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis

False

The dermis is thicker than epidermis

True

In the process of keratinization, the cells of epidermis and dermis change shape and chemical composition

False

The new cells in the keratinization are produced by mitosis.

True

In keratinization, the cells become filled with the protein keratin, which make them more stretchable and durable

False

The new cells produced by mitosis occur in most superficial layers of epidermis

False

The dead epithelial cells are formed in the outer layer of epidermis to act as a barrier

True

Skin is the largest organ of the body

True

Receptors

afferent nerves

control center

Efferent nerves

sweat gland response

Lying with back

Supine position

Face Down

Prone postion

Lying with abdomen

Prone Position

Back of the hands is facing up

Supine

Torso is Facing up

Supine

1. A scientist would like to take a look and further study at the different internal body organs of a dead person in the form of dissecting. This action of the scientist is a form of studying?

Anatomy

A surgeon understands that an increase in blood loss during operation can affect the oxygenation of the body.

Pyhsiology

Measuring the height of a person to compare it to normal height by age.

Anatomy

How an organ functions?

Physiology

How do the muscle contracts?

Physiology

How do the muscle contracts?

Physiology

6. The cardiac cycle of a human heart

Physiology

Taking blood pressure and heart rate of a person can be associated to

Physiology

The body’s responses to extreme temperatures.

Physiology

Understanding the different parts of a cell

Anatomy

The body’s natural responses like defense mechanisms

Physiology

Consist of various kinds of epithelium resting on a thick layer of loose connective tissue

a. mucous

Made up of only one connective tissue

c. synovial

They line the inside of joint cavities

c. synovial

They line cavities that open to the outside of the body

a. mucous

Consist of simple squamous epithelium resting on a delicate layer of loose connective tissue

b. serous

Line cavities that do not open to the exterior

b. serous

Produce the fluid within the joints

c. synovial

Covers external surfaces

d. cutaneous

Line the digestive, respiratory, urinary and reproductive tracts

a. mucous

Composed of keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium

d. cutaneous

Which of the following describes the remodeling process of a bone? (Select all that apply)

a. is essential for maintaining blood calcium levels, c. is accomplished by the actions of the oesteoclasts and osteoblasts, d. is controlled by the actions of parathyroid hormone and calcitonin

The functions of the skeletal system include all the following except:

c. transport of materials via its fluid matrix

The skeletal system helps maintain homeostasis by:

e. all of these aid in maintaining homeostasis

The extracellular matrix of bone:

d. contains collagen & minerals & a high proportion of calcium phospate crystals (hydroxyapatite) are correct.

Bones are type of:

d. connective tissue

The extracellular matrix of tendons and ligaments is made up of:

a. primarily collagen fibers

During growth of long bone, the site of growth in length is the:

c. epiphyseal plate

The outer surface of bone is covered by a connective tissue layer called the:

b. periosteum

Which of the following is a characteristics of long bone? (Select all that apply)

b. has red & yellow marrow in its cavities, a. has a medullar cavity in the diaphysis

Pepper is a vegan (a vegeterian that does not eat any animal products including diary or eggs). After a series of unexplained bone fractures, her doctor complete some test and discovers that her levels of parathyroid hormone ar elevated. Which of the following hypotheses would be the most plausible?

b. The lack of diary in her diet is causing anemia and preventing bone growth. This deficiency stimulated the release of PTH, which caused more of the calcium stores in her bones to be mobilized. The deficiency has gone on for so long that she has weakened her bones

In adults, which of the following represents a set of fused bones?

d. sacral bone

As a student, you have learned the effects of aging in the skeletal system. What are the most effective preventative measures against its effect?

d. the combination of increasing physical activity and taking dietary calcium with vitamin D suplements

Joints are classified structurally according to the — that binds them, and functionally according to their—

c. connective tissue, degree of motion

Which of the following does not occur as you age?

d. There is a decreased likelihood of bone fractures

— is a unique movement that occurs at the thumb as it moves toward the little finger

c. opposition

Pepper is moving her knees and suddenly remembers what she has learned from her class. The movement of the synovial joint in one plane is —

a. hinge

While walking through a dark house, you hit the outside of your ankle on a bedspot. More than likely you have hit the — , which is a component of the —

d. laterral malleolus, fibula

From the list below, pick the ONLY bone that is unpaired.

a. sphenoid

The — is (are) the opening through which the spinal cords passes.

b. vertebral canal

The — is (are) the opening through which the spinal cord connects to the brain.

b. foramen magnum

The — is the functional unit of skeletal muscle because it is the smallest portion capable of —.

c. sacromere, contracting

All of the following describe the characteristics of acetylcholine., except:

c. binds to receptors on the presynaptic terminal

The myosin myofilaments are anchored into the cytoskeleton of the cell by the—

a. M line

Muscle fibers: (Select all that apply)

a. have a relatively high metablic rate, d. preferentially use aerobic respiration

Which of the following pertains to actin myofilaments?

b. are attached to Z lines at one end

Which of the following statement is FALSE?

b. The concentration of Na+ is higher inside the cell than outside.

In a resting cell, K+ ions have a higher concentration — the cell, which results in the net movement of K+ — of the cell

a. inside;out

In skeletal muscle contraction and relaxation, calcium ions:

b. are returned to the sacroplasmic reticulum by active transport.

100

All are true aerobic respiration, except;

a. does not require the use of oxygen

Theoritical Foundation of Nursing

Louezel Yabu · 75問 · 1年前

Theoritical Foundation of Nursing

75問 • 1年前

Louezel Yabu

問題一覧

Which of the following activities does NOT represent an anatomical study:

d. studying how the nerves conduct electrical impulses

Whic of the following component of the control system is responsible for detecting any change and motor the value of variables?

d. receptor

All are considered negative feedback mechanism, except:

d. doing exercises

Which bacis approach to study anatomy is taken in the vast majority of medical and dental schools?

a. regional anatomy

As a student you understand that it is importannt to study how the human body works because:

b. it provides a way to understand how the body maintain external conditions.

Differentiation in an organism depicts a change in cell structure and function from generalize to specialized. This process in involved in:

a. growth and development

The mechanism of homeostasis is mainly governed by:

b. nervous and endocrine system

d. All the aforementioned statements are correct

Disruption in normal functioning of cells may result in death. One possible cause of disruption is occurence of disease.

c. both of the stament are correct.

There are four primary types of tissues: epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous. To be able to perform its function, each system is composed of only one specific type of tissue.

c. both of the statements are correct

Which of the following organelles are incorrectly paired with their location within the cell?

c. golgi apparatus- on the cell surface

The nucleolus:

a. is located in the cytoplasm

A cell that was producing large amounts of lipoproteins( proteins combined with lipids) for secretion from the cell would have large numbers of:

a. lysosomes

Which of these cells would most likely have the largest number of mitochondria?

b. muscle cells

Substances outside the cell membrane are called:

b. extracellular substances

According to the fluid- mosaic model of the cell membrane:

a. protein molecules that perform important cellular functions float in a lipid bilayer

— is an example of a molecule that can directly pass through the phospolipid bilayer of the plasma membrane.

a. carbon dioxide

Cell membrane are said to be selectively permeable because they:

b. allow the passage of materials in one direction but not the other

Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning the cell membrane (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

a. cholesterol within the membrane gives it added strength and flexibility

Which of the following would occur if a cell membranes were no longer selectively permeable? (Select all that apply)

a. actions potentials would no longer be generated

Unserstanding tissue structure and function is important because:

e. all of these are correct

Which of these is NOT one of the four basic tissue types?

a. glandular

All are true statement about epithelial tissue: (Select all that apply)

b. Epithelial tissue provides physical protection for organs., c. Epithelial tissue functions in absorption & secretion, d. Epithelial tissue controls the permeability into and out of an area/organ

Basement membranes:

The most correct classification of an epithelial tissue consisting of many layers of cells, in which the outer layers are flat and thin, and the basal layers are cuboidal or columnar is:

c. stratified squamos epithelium

Epithelial cells:

e. have all of these properties

Epithelial cells that appear cube like when an organ is relaxed and flattened when the organ is distended by fluid are classified as:

d. transitional epithelium

Epithelium that consists of a single layer of cells, in which some cells are tall and thin and reach the free surface and others do not, is classified as:

b. pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Which of the following statement is true? (Select all that apply)

e. Transitional epithelum is found in cavities that can expand greatly in volume.

Which of the following characteristics of tissues and cells would aid in diffusion or the movement of materials into and out of the body through the epithelium?

b. a single layer of relatively flat, thin cells

Skin cells have the ability to regenerate and divide.

TRUE

The water can simply move across the skin.

False

The skin is composed of epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis

False

The dermis is thicker than epidermis

True

In the process of keratinization, the cells of epidermis and dermis change shape and chemical composition

False

The new cells in the keratinization are produced by mitosis.

True

In keratinization, the cells become filled with the protein keratin, which make them more stretchable and durable

False

The new cells produced by mitosis occur in most superficial layers of epidermis

False

The dead epithelial cells are formed in the outer layer of epidermis to act as a barrier

True

Skin is the largest organ of the body

True

Receptors

afferent nerves

control center

Efferent nerves

sweat gland response

Lying with back

Supine position

Face Down

Prone postion

Lying with abdomen

Prone Position

Back of the hands is facing up

Supine

Torso is Facing up

Supine

1. A scientist would like to take a look and further study at the different internal body organs of a dead person in the form of dissecting. This action of the scientist is a form of studying?

Anatomy

A surgeon understands that an increase in blood loss during operation can affect the oxygenation of the body.

Pyhsiology

Measuring the height of a person to compare it to normal height by age.

Anatomy

How an organ functions?

Physiology

How do the muscle contracts?

Physiology

How do the muscle contracts?

Physiology

6. The cardiac cycle of a human heart

Physiology

Taking blood pressure and heart rate of a person can be associated to

Physiology

The body’s responses to extreme temperatures.

Physiology

Understanding the different parts of a cell

Anatomy

The body’s natural responses like defense mechanisms

Physiology

Consist of various kinds of epithelium resting on a thick layer of loose connective tissue

a. mucous

Made up of only one connective tissue

c. synovial

They line the inside of joint cavities

c. synovial

They line cavities that open to the outside of the body

a. mucous

Consist of simple squamous epithelium resting on a delicate layer of loose connective tissue

b. serous

Line cavities that do not open to the exterior

b. serous

Produce the fluid within the joints

c. synovial

Covers external surfaces

d. cutaneous

Line the digestive, respiratory, urinary and reproductive tracts

a. mucous

Composed of keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium

d. cutaneous

Which of the following describes the remodeling process of a bone? (Select all that apply)

a. is essential for maintaining blood calcium levels, c. is accomplished by the actions of the oesteoclasts and osteoblasts, d. is controlled by the actions of parathyroid hormone and calcitonin

The functions of the skeletal system include all the following except:

c. transport of materials via its fluid matrix

The skeletal system helps maintain homeostasis by:

e. all of these aid in maintaining homeostasis

The extracellular matrix of bone:

d. contains collagen & minerals & a high proportion of calcium phospate crystals (hydroxyapatite) are correct.

Bones are type of:

d. connective tissue

The extracellular matrix of tendons and ligaments is made up of:

a. primarily collagen fibers

During growth of long bone, the site of growth in length is the:

c. epiphyseal plate

The outer surface of bone is covered by a connective tissue layer called the:

b. periosteum

Which of the following is a characteristics of long bone? (Select all that apply)

b. has red & yellow marrow in its cavities, a. has a medullar cavity in the diaphysis

In adults, which of the following represents a set of fused bones?

d. sacral bone

As a student, you have learned the effects of aging in the skeletal system. What are the most effective preventative measures against its effect?

d. the combination of increasing physical activity and taking dietary calcium with vitamin D suplements

Joints are classified structurally according to the — that binds them, and functionally according to their—

c. connective tissue, degree of motion

Which of the following does not occur as you age?

d. There is a decreased likelihood of bone fractures

— is a unique movement that occurs at the thumb as it moves toward the little finger

c. opposition

Pepper is moving her knees and suddenly remembers what she has learned from her class. The movement of the synovial joint in one plane is —

a. hinge

While walking through a dark house, you hit the outside of your ankle on a bedspot. More than likely you have hit the — , which is a component of the —

d. laterral malleolus, fibula

From the list below, pick the ONLY bone that is unpaired.

a. sphenoid

The — is (are) the opening through which the spinal cords passes.

b. vertebral canal

The — is (are) the opening through which the spinal cord connects to the brain.

b. foramen magnum

The — is the functional unit of skeletal muscle because it is the smallest portion capable of —.

c. sacromere, contracting

All of the following describe the characteristics of acetylcholine., except:

c. binds to receptors on the presynaptic terminal

The myosin myofilaments are anchored into the cytoskeleton of the cell by the—

a. M line

Muscle fibers: (Select all that apply)

a. have a relatively high metablic rate, d. preferentially use aerobic respiration

Which of the following pertains to actin myofilaments?

b. are attached to Z lines at one end

Which of the following statement is FALSE?

b. The concentration of Na+ is higher inside the cell than outside.

In a resting cell, K+ ions have a higher concentration — the cell, which results in the net movement of K+ — of the cell

a. inside;out

In skeletal muscle contraction and relaxation, calcium ions:

b. are returned to the sacroplasmic reticulum by active transport.

100

All are true aerobic respiration, except;

a. does not require the use of oxygen