問題一覧
1
A motor function and travels from brain to periphery
Efferent.
2
A sensory and travels from periphery to brain.
Afferent.
3
What is the response in stimulus
Irritation.
4
Neuro terminal also know as
Axon terminal.
5
It is the protection of axon
Mylein sheath.
6
Damage in mylein sheath called as
Multiple scherossis.
7
What are the 2 types of neuron
Action state, Resting state
8
Increase neuronal activity
Action.
9
SPO is applicable in?
Action state
10
SPO standa for?
Sodium in Potassium out
11
Decrease neuronal action.
Resting state.
12
PISO is applicable in?
Resting state
13
PISO stands for?
Potassium in Sodium out
14
A chemical messengers of neuron
Neurotransmitter
15
Presynapse functions are?
Maintain normal balance, Do not cause action potential but NFE , Pre sympathetic receptors
16
Presynapse functions are?
Synthesis , Storage, Release of neuron
17
Negative feedback affect which lower the synthesis and lower its release
NFE
18
This is where mjority of the receptors located
Post synpase.
19
It create potential at pharmaceutical response
Post synapse
20
Constrict the pupil
Miosis
21
Dilate the pupil
Mydriasis
22
In brain adrenaline rush can cause?
Increase mental fear
23
In lungs the adrenaline rush can cause?
Bronchodilation
24
It produce in adrenal gland
Norepinephrine
25
What is the precursor of corticosteroids
Cortisol.
26
Catecholamines also know as?
Orthodihydroxybenzene, 1,2- dihyrdoxybenzene
27
What is the precursor of catecholamines
Tyrosine.
28
An increase sedation of catecholamine can produce cyst (bukol) T/F
True
29
It control involuntary muscle
White matter
30
Myleinated function
White matter
31
Nerve cell and branching of dendrites
Grey matter
32
Controlled sense of body
Grey matter.
33
It control the involuntary muscle
Autonomic
34
Movement of voluntarily muscle
Somatic
35
What are under od autonomic
Sympathetic, Parasympathetic, Enteric CNS
36
What are the functions of Sympathetic
increase heart rate, Bronchodilation , Also know as fight or flight, AKA adrenaline rush
37
What are the examples of Sympathetic
Trauma, Fear, Cold exercise
38
What is the neurotransmitter of Sympathetic
Catecholamines.
39
What are the receptors of catecholamines
Alpha , Beta, Dopamine
40
Sympathetic also know as
Adrenergic
41
What are the functions of paraSympathetic
Bronchoconstriction , Decrease heart rate, Rest of digest
42
Parasympathetic has a opposite function of Sympathetic (
True
43
What is the neurotransmitter of Parasympathetic
Acetylcholine
44
What are the receptors of acetylcholine
Nicotinic , Muscarinic
45
Contractions of collon or large intestine
Enteric cns
46
A rate limiting step
Tyrosine
47
VMA stands dor vanillyn mandelic acid (T/F)
True
48
Where did tyrosine enter?
Sodium
49
If tyrosine undergo in tyrosine hydrogenase it will produce?
Dopa.
50
If Dopa undergo in Dopa hydrogenase it will produce?
Dopamine.
51
If Dopamine undergo in Dopamine -3-hydroxylasw it will produce?
NE
52
Dopamine and epinephrine produce a release (True/False)
True.
53
What are the under of release
Bind, inactivator
54
Tyrosine is a rate limiting step
True
55
What are the stress hormones.
Catecholamines , Cortisol.
56
first catecholamine to be synthesized in the biosynthesis.
Dopamine.
57
What is the effect in the heart in SNS
Tachycardia.
58
What is the effect in the heart in PNS
Bradycardia.
59
What is the effect in the Pupil in SNS
Mydriasis
60
What is the effect in the pupil in PNS
Miosis
61
What is the effect in the Bronchi in SNS
Relaxation
62
What is the effect in the Bronchi in PNS
Construction.
63
What is the effect in the bladder in SNS and PNS
Contraction.
64
What is the effect in the bladder sphincters in SNS and PNS
Relaxation.
65
What is the effect in the Interstenal wall in SNS and PNS
Contractions.
66
What is the effect in the intertenal sphincter in SNS
Hyperdyrosis.
67
What is the effect in the intersinal sphincter in PNS
Relaxation.
68
What is the effect in the apocrine in SNS and PNS
Anhydrosis.
69
What is the effect in the Ecrine in SNS
Anhydrosis.
70
What is the effect in the Ecrine in PNS
Hyperhydrosis.
71
First recognized ganglionic blocker
Tetraethammonium
72
First effective drug for management of hypertension. It is now rarely used for HTN due to lack of selectivity compared to newer agent
Hexamethonium.
73
-An analog of hexamethonium effective as neuromuscular depolarizing blocking agent.
Decamethonium.
74
-secondary amine studied for possible use in reducing nicotine craving in patients attempting to quit smoking
Mecamylamine
75
-inactive orally and given as IV infusion, short-acting ganglion blocker, occasionally used in the treatment of hypertensive emergencies
Trimethaphan
76
If norepinephrine under go to Catechol-O methyltransferase it will yields
Normetanephrine.
77
If Dihydroxymandelic under go to Catechol-O methyltransferase it will yields
Vanillylmandelic acid.
78
If Normetanephrine under go to Monoamine oxidase is will yeild as?
Vanillylmandellic acid.
79
If metanephrine under go to Monoamine oxidase is will yeild as?
Vanillylmandellic acid.
80
If Norephrine under go to Monoamine oxidase is will yeild as?
Dihydroxymandelic acid.
81
If Epinephrine under go to Monoamine oxidase is will yeild as?
Dihydroxymandelic acid.
82
If Epinephrine under go to Catechol-O methyltransferase it will yields
Metanephrine.
83
This final product is measured in urine and plasma
Vanillylmandelic acid.
84
excreted using a transport mechanism called .
Exocytosis
85
axon terminal makes contact with other neurons
Neurotransmission.
86
It interacts with specialized receptors.
Neurotransmitter.
87
initiation of movement, coordination of -movement -temperature - touch -vision -hearing, -judgment, + reasoning, problem solving, emotions, and learning.
Cerebrum.
88
largest part of the brain which contains the cerebral cortex
Telencephalon.
89
Activated by aCH; Muscle contraction.
Nicotinic muscular.
90
Ganglia bith SNS and PNS in the pre-ganglionic fiber.
Nicotinic neutral.
91
management for myasthenia gravis
Pyridoxamine , Neostigmine , Ambenonium
92
Mgt for atropine toxicity
Neostigmine
93
Mgt for neuromuscular blocker toxicity
Neostigmine , Endophonium.
94
Useful for glaucoma
Pilocarpine , Ecothiopate, Carbachol., Demecarium.
95
For non obstructive illeus
Physostigmine
96
Smoking sensation
Nicotinic , Varenictine.