RPC L3

40問 • 2年前

通報

問題一覧

this spontaneously emits particles and energy and transforms itself into another atom to reach stability

Nucleus

: also known as radioactive decay

Radioactive Disintegration

any nuclei that undergo radioactive decay (this is also one type of radioisotope)

Radionuclides

Isotopes that are unstable by either having too few or too many neutrons

Radioisotopes

- May originate at the time of the Earth's formation and are still decaying very slowly - May also be produced in the upper atmosphere through cosmic radiation

Naturally Occurring Radioisotopes

- Man-made products artificially produced in machines such as particle accelerators or nuclear reactors.

Artificially Produced or Made Radioisotopes

- occurs in a neutron-rich nuclei - Occurs in stable nuclides bombarded with neutrons in nuclear reactors

Beta Emission

is created in the nucleus and is ejected with considerable kinetic energy and escapes the atom

Electron

conversion that also occurs during beta emission

Neutron to Proton

increases by one (Z = Z + 1), while the atomic mass number remains the same (A = constant)

Atomic Number during Beta emission

emitted during beta emission absorbed by aluminum

Negatron & Antineutrino

- Important for some nuclear medicine imaging. - Occurs in proton-rich nuclei. - Occurs in stable nuclei bombarded with charged particles in cyclotron

Positron Emission

conversion that also occurs during positron emission

Proton to Neutron

decrease to the atomic number by 1 (2 = Z - 1) while the atomic mass number remains the same (A = constant)

Atomic Number during Positron Emission

emitted during Positron Emission

Positron & Neutrino

when an electron from the closest energy level falls into the nucleus, causing a proton to become a neutron

Electron capture

The excess energy of the nucleus is transferred to the orbital electron which is then ejected from the atom - a process in which the nucleus of an atom with excess energy releases that energy without altering its proton and neutron count

Internal Conversion

During Internal Conversion, the excess energy of the nucleus is transferred to this………which is then ejected from the atom

Orbital Electron

emitted as the atom attempts to become stable

X-rays

- much more violent process - occurs when the nucleus is too large or too heavy. - occurs when a large atom (Z=82 above) loses 2 protons and 2 neutrons leaving a decay product. - Least penetrating and is absorbed by a paper.

Alpha Emission

- must be extremely unstable to emit alpha particles - Consists of two protons and two neutron bound together; its atomic mass number is 4.

Nucleus

occurs when the nucleus of an atom is still unstable even after a beta or alpha decay.

Gamma Ray Decay

emits gamma radiation in order to become stable.

Nuclei

this is often left in an excited state which means it still has excess energy. when an alpha or beta decay occurs,

Nucleus

lost by emission of gamma rays instead of another beta or alpha decay,

Energy

a nuclear process in which a nuclei with excess energy following alpha or beta decay emits energy without changing the atomic number and atomic mass number.

Isomeric Transmission

- A series of transformations that a given radionuclide will undergo and what type of radiation it will emit - Most natural occurring radionuclides will undergo a series of transformation rather than a single step.

Decay Chain

occurs in the decay chain when the rate of creation and decay of a radionuclide is the same rate.

Radioactive Equilibrium

cannot occur if the half-life of the decay product is much longer than that of the original radionuclide

Equilibrium

occurs when the half-life of the original radionuclide and its product are similar

Transient Equilibrium

the half-life of the original radionuclide is longer than that of the product

Secular Equilibrium

the half-life of the decay product is longer than that of the original radionuclide

No Equilibrium

time required for a quantity of radioactivity to be reduced to one-half its original value.

Physical Half Life

The time required for the human body to eliminate one-half of the dose of any substances by biological process (sweating, urinating, defecation, or breathing). Applies for radio pharmaceuticals used during nuclear imaging and PET scans.

Biological Half Life

The combination of both physical and biologic half-life. Used when health physicists calculate the dose received from an internal radiation

Effective Half Life

- Father of Radioactivity - He placed uranium salts near a photographic plate covered with opaque paper and discovered to be fogged. - He showed that the rays emitted by uranium causes gases to ionize and that they differed from x-rays in that they could be deflected by an electric or magnetic field.

Antoine Henri Becquerel (NP 1903)

- extensively studied uranium - discovery of radium and polonium - Nobel Prize in Physics 1903

Marie and Pierre Curie

- a process wherein an unstable atom emits particles and energy to transform into another atom to become stable

Radioactive Disintegration

how many dps in 1 curie

3.7 x 10^10

how many curie in 1 becquerel

2.7 x 10^-11

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RPC L2

RPC L2

RPC L4

RPC L4

ALE

ALE

RPC L5

RPC L5

RPC M1

RPC M1

RPC M1/2

RPC M1/2

RPC M2

RPC M2

RPC M2.5

RPC M2.5

RPC M3

RPC M3

Midterm

Midterm

MIDTERM

MIDTERM

Midterm

Midterm

RPC F1

RPC F1

FINALS #1

FINALS #1

RPC F2

RPC F2

RPC F3

RPC F3

Finals

Finals

Prelim

Prelim

ISI FINALS PROLOGUE

ISI FINALS PROLOGUE

ISI FINALS EPILOGUE

ISI FINALS EPILOGUE

ISI FINALE

ISI FINALE

Chapter 3.5/4

Chapter 3.5/4

RADBIO 1&2

RADBIO 1&2

RADPRO 1&2

RADPRO 1&2

CHAPTER 4+1 NOT COMPLETE

E · 60問 · 1年前

CHAPTER 4+1 NOT COMPLETE

RADBIO 3

RADBIO 3

RADPRO 3

RADPRO 3

Chapter Left

Chapter Left

POI P1

POI P1

POI P2

POI P2

POI P3

POI P3

QUIZ 4 PART

QUIZ 4 PART

1-3

1-3

4 SECTION PUTA

4 SECTION PUTA

M1 K Ver

M1 K Ver

M2 K Ver

M2 K Ver

1-3

1-3

RAD BIO 4

RAD BIO 4

Awa

Awa

not parts

not parts

RADBIO & RADPRO 5

RADBIO & RADPRO 5

RADBIO & RADPRO 6

RADBIO & RADPRO 6

M4in

M4in

C5 Orig V1

C5 Orig V1

C5 Part 2

C5 Part 2

Urologic Procedures

Urologic Procedures

DRUGS

DRUGS

C5 Orig V2

C5 Orig V2

RAD BIO 7

RAD BIO 7

RAD BIO 8

RAD BIO 8

RAD PRO 6 & 7

RAD PRO 6 & 7

GI Procedures

GI Procedures

Compressed

Compressed

OMY TUBE

OMY TUBE

P2/3

P2/3

BREAST

BREAST

M1 PPT

M1 PPT

F1 Final

F1 Final

SPINE

SPINE

PRELIM FINALE

PRELIM FINALE

MIDTERM FINALE

MIDTERM FINALE

FINALS FINALE

FINALS FINALE

PPT4

PPT4

EXAM BASED

EXAM BASED

EXAM BASED

EXAM BASED

問題一覧

this spontaneously emits particles and energy and transforms itself into another atom to reach stability

Nucleus

: also known as radioactive decay

Radioactive Disintegration

any nuclei that undergo radioactive decay (this is also one type of radioisotope)

Radionuclides

Isotopes that are unstable by either having too few or too many neutrons

Radioisotopes

- May originate at the time of the Earth's formation and are still decaying very slowly - May also be produced in the upper atmosphere through cosmic radiation

Naturally Occurring Radioisotopes

- Man-made products artificially produced in machines such as particle accelerators or nuclear reactors.

Artificially Produced or Made Radioisotopes

- occurs in a neutron-rich nuclei - Occurs in stable nuclides bombarded with neutrons in nuclear reactors

Beta Emission

is created in the nucleus and is ejected with considerable kinetic energy and escapes the atom

Electron

conversion that also occurs during beta emission

Neutron to Proton

increases by one (Z = Z + 1), while the atomic mass number remains the same (A = constant)

Atomic Number during Beta emission

emitted during beta emission absorbed by aluminum

Negatron & Antineutrino

- Important for some nuclear medicine imaging. - Occurs in proton-rich nuclei. - Occurs in stable nuclei bombarded with charged particles in cyclotron

Positron Emission

conversion that also occurs during positron emission

Proton to Neutron

decrease to the atomic number by 1 (2 = Z - 1) while the atomic mass number remains the same (A = constant)

Atomic Number during Positron Emission

emitted during Positron Emission

Positron & Neutrino

when an electron from the closest energy level falls into the nucleus, causing a proton to become a neutron

Electron capture

Internal Conversion

During Internal Conversion, the excess energy of the nucleus is transferred to this………which is then ejected from the atom

Orbital Electron

emitted as the atom attempts to become stable

X-rays

Alpha Emission

- must be extremely unstable to emit alpha particles - Consists of two protons and two neutron bound together; its atomic mass number is 4.

Nucleus

occurs when the nucleus of an atom is still unstable even after a beta or alpha decay.

Gamma Ray Decay

emits gamma radiation in order to become stable.

Nuclei

this is often left in an excited state which means it still has excess energy. when an alpha or beta decay occurs,

Nucleus

lost by emission of gamma rays instead of another beta or alpha decay,

Energy

a nuclear process in which a nuclei with excess energy following alpha or beta decay emits energy without changing the atomic number and atomic mass number.

Isomeric Transmission

Decay Chain

occurs in the decay chain when the rate of creation and decay of a radionuclide is the same rate.

Radioactive Equilibrium

cannot occur if the half-life of the decay product is much longer than that of the original radionuclide

Equilibrium

occurs when the half-life of the original radionuclide and its product are similar

Transient Equilibrium

the half-life of the original radionuclide is longer than that of the product

Secular Equilibrium

the half-life of the decay product is longer than that of the original radionuclide

No Equilibrium

time required for a quantity of radioactivity to be reduced to one-half its original value.

Physical Half Life

Biological Half Life

The combination of both physical and biologic half-life. Used when health physicists calculate the dose received from an internal radiation

Effective Half Life

Antoine Henri Becquerel (NP 1903)

- extensively studied uranium - discovery of radium and polonium - Nobel Prize in Physics 1903

Marie and Pierre Curie

- a process wherein an unstable atom emits particles and energy to transform into another atom to become stable

Radioactive Disintegration

how many dps in 1 curie

3.7 x 10^10

how many curie in 1 becquerel

2.7 x 10^-11