問題一覧
1
A language that is widely used as a means of communication among speakers of other languages.
English as Global Lingua Franca
2
Firm Handshake
United States
3
Soft Handshake
France
4
Firm Handshake, for men, traditionally accompanied by a sight bow
Germany
5
Handshake with arm firmly extended, accompanied by a bow
Japan
6
Handshake and free hand placed on the forearm of the person
Middle East
7
Sources of Misunderstanding according to Kaur (2016):
Ambiguity, Performance-Related Misunderstanding, Language-Related-Misunderstanding, Gaps in World Knowledge, Local Context
8
lack of explicitness on the part of the speaker in the form of problematic reference and ambiguous semantics in which an utterance is open to different interpretations.
Ambiguity
9
slips of the tongue and mishearing which may be due to utterances spoken quickly and unclearly.
Performance-Related Misunderstanding
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ungrammaticality of sentences.
Language-Related-Misunderstanding
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gaps in content rather than language.
Gaps in World Knowledge
12
turns and the turns within sequences produced by the participants themselves, and the orientation of the participants as well as the repair moves that follow the displayed understanding.
Local Context
13
Types of speeches according to purpose:
Expository or Informative, Persuasive, Entertainment
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meant to explain or describe facts, truths and principals to educate audiences.
Expository or Informative
15
designed to convince and encourage listeners to reinforce, change, or adopt attitudes, beliefs, perceptions, convictions, or values based on propositions presented.
Persuasive
16
delivered to provide fun, laughter or invite listeners to join in any celebration.
Entertainment
17
Types of speech according to delivery:
Reading from a Manuscript, Memorized Speech, Impromptu Speech, Extemporaneous Speech
18
This is the most formal type of delivery and most effective to have the greatest control on how the speech is worded.
Reading from a Manuscript
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It is best used accepting words, introducing speakers or making announcement; for speakers trained and practiced to memorize long passages of text; for presenting the same ideas a number of times (e.g., preachers and teachers.) This is the most challenging to bet through.
Memorized Speech
20
This is delivered with little or no preparation usually about a topic that the speaker knows well.
Impromptu Speech
21
It is "thinking on one's feet" or "speaking off the cuff" for it is usually presented with no guide notes or outline and with only a little time of advance notice for preparation.
Impromptu Speech
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This is researched and planned ahead of time but exact wording is not scripted.
Extemporaneous Speech
23
Principles of Effective Speech Delivery:
Articulation, Modulation, Facial Expressions, Gestures, and Movements, Stage Presence, Rapport with the Audience, Silence
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producing clear and distinct sounds.
Articulation
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adequate volume of the voice accompanied by the appropriate pitch level; and good voice quality.
Modulation
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appropriateness and proper timing.
Facial Expressions, Gestures, and Movements
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naturalness, composure and confidence before the listeners.
Stage Presence
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attentiveness to reactions or shifts in listening patterns; openness to questions raised.
Rapport with the Audience
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room for pauses.
Silence
30
Ten Commandments of Oral Communication (Adopted from Mrs. Flora Reyes)
Believe in what you say., Believe in the people to whom you speak., Live what you say., Know when you say it., Know why you say it., Know how to say it., Have fun saying it., Show it as you say it., Say it so people can own it., Say it so people will do it.