問題一覧
1
Who advocated the FREE WILL
Augustine
2
Plato identify evil as equal to what?
Ignorance
3
When person is ignore of the truth a person si considered as ?
Evil
4
It is a principle of darkness permeating the body
Machinaens
5
What moral laws tell us ?
what we must do but in the end it really shows us what we can't do
6
It is no longer attainable in the earth
Libertas
7
Human person is still able to choose good but now they can also choose bad
Liberum
8
What is the two notion of responsibility?
Voluntary Acts and Involuntary Acts
9
Three circumstances that present in involuntary acts
ignorance, external compulsion, done to avoid greater evil
10
What is the origin of moral action?
choice
11
What is the origin of choice?
desire and reasoning
12
It is the prime mover of action
choice
13
Who advocated the moral luck
Williams and Nagel
14
It's occurs when an agen can be correctly treated as an object of moral judgement despite the fact that a significant aspect of what she assessed for depends on factors beyond the control
Moral Luck
15
who advocated hedonism?
Epicurus
16
It was the standard of goodness but he as the equally certain that not every kind of pleasure has the same value
Pleasure
17
Pleasure is equal to what? and it's Greek word is "ataraxia"
Serenity
18
What is the ultimate pleasure human seeks according to epicurus
absensce of bodily pain and relaxation of mind
19
There is no high ler value for epicurus than the absence of pain
TRUE
20
Who advocated the Ulititarianism
Jeremy Bentham
21
It's principle that approves or disapproves of every action
Principle of Utility
22
Its a power that can be rightfully excecised over any member of civilized community against his will is to prevent harm to others
Principle of Liberty
23
Its is critical judgement about the sorts of person we ought to be and the sorts of actions we ought to perform
Norms of Morality
24
A rational assessment or an act on the basis of the given standard or criteria
Criteria of Judgement
25
It is the plan of God in creating all creatures
Eternal Law
26
Refers to the operational tendencies of the human nature
Natural Law
27
Characteristics of natural law which stated that we cannot ignore without dire consequences
Obligatory
28
Characteristics of natural law which shared by all men
Universal
29
Characteristics of nature law which is the awareness of his nature and what is expected to him
Recognizable
30
The practical judgement of reason telling us what should be done because it is good or what we should avoided because it is evil
Conscience
31
Type of conscience which see the good as good , come from enlightenment, refined moral sensibility and from habit of doing good
Correct Conscience
32
Types of conscience which see evil as something good, such as malice, ignorance , bad habits and bad Influence
Erroneous Conscience
33
Types of conscience which a unsure of it self
Doubtful Conscience
34
Fearful of commiting a mistake
Scrupulous Conscience
35
unmindful of right or wrong
Lax Conscience
36
Represent a community’s judgement of what kind of behavior will lead to happiness
Law of Opinion
37
What kind of law that god has given a rule whereby men should govern themselves
Divine Law
38
What kind of law that set by the commonwealth and enforced by the courts
Civil Law
39
Reason teaches all mankind who will but consult it that being all equal and independent no one ought to harm one other in his life, health, liberty or possessions”
The State of Nature
40
The State of nature according to Hobbes is what?
War of all against all
41
Whatever he transforms from its original conditions by his own labour becomes for his labour is not mixed with those things”
Private Property
42
According to Hobbes private property is person can have when ?
only after legal order has been set up
43
The great and chief end of men’s uniting into commonwealths and putting themselves under government is the preservation of their property “
Civil Government
44
The people shall judge” with the used of rationality and reason people has a power to used and the power of legislature.
Sovereignty
45
According to Hobbes sovereignty is what
Sovereignty was absolute
46
According to locke sovereignty is what
sovereignty is the legislature
47
According to locke the state of Nature is what
Men living together according to reason
48
According to Locke, the private property is what?
it's is grounded in natural moral law
49
According to him it is essential to know the good ess and rightness of an act before making a decision
William David Ross
50
Our genuine responsibility in any given situation and the action we ought to choose from among the many other choices of obligation.
Actual Duty
51
Directs or commands what one should perform when we contemplate other relevant factors
Prima Facie Duty
52
Immediate attention and action
I. Act in accordance with the sounder more stringent or more severe prima facie duties.
53
Greater weight in terms of goodness
II. Act in accordance with the prima facie duty that has a greater balance of rightness over wrongness when compared to other prima facie duties.
54
In Happiness, who argues in the Groundwork, cannot be the ultimate purpose of morality.
Immanuel Kant
55
It's is the highest good and the condition of all other goods , including happiness
Goodwill
56
It an overarching imperative which discriminates between virtuous and vicious hypothetical imperatives
categorical imperative of duty
57
Who is the father of Augustine
Patricius
58
Who is the son of Augustine
Adeodatus
59
What was the birth place of St. Augustine which was a province of North Africa?
Thagaste
60
What do we call the members of the cult or sect that also helped shaped the though of St. Augustine- who believed that evil is a principle of darkness permeating the body?
Manichaeans
61
For St. Augustine why was the law given to man
that grace must be sought
62
What is the work of John locke
An essay concerning human understanding
63
What is not belong to the work of Immanuel Kant
An essay concerning human understanding
64
What was the birth place of St. Augustine which was a province of North Africa?
Thagaste
65
What was the name of St. Augustine’s pagan father?
Patricius
66
What was the name of St. Augustine’s son from his partner?
Adeodatus
67
For St. Augustine why was the law given to man?
That grace might be sought
68
Identify which among the options does not belong to the group.
Categorical Imperative
69
What is the requirement for an action to be involuntary which expresses the lack or absence of knowledge of an act.
Ignorance
70
Identify one of the leading figures when we talk about moral luck.
Thomas Nagel
71
Identify one of the leading figures when we talk about moral luck.
Bernard Williams
72
In order for us to understand moral luck what should be its contrast?
Control
73
Who was the ancient philosopher who was known for his belief in the saying that, “The chief aim of life is pleasure.”
Aristotle
74
For Epicurus every pleasure has the same value.
FALSE
75
Identify among the options what does not belong to the notion of Epicurus of pleasures which are natural and necessary.
Internet
76
According to Jeremy Bentham what is defined as, “That principle which approves or disapproves of every action whatsoever, according to the tendency which it appears to have to augment or diminish happiness.”
Principle of Utility
77
Why was punishment evil in Jeremy Bentham’s thought?
Because it inflicts suffering and pain.
78
Bentham enumerated situations when punishment must not be inflicted which does not belong.
When in doubt
79
When can power be utilized over member of the community against his/her will.
To prevent him from harming others
80
There are six considerations according to Jeremy Bentham when considering the course of an action whether it brings pleasure and pain which among the choices does not belong to the group?
Maleficence
81
Langdon always considers what will bring him lasting happiness when making decisions. He does not indulge himself on fleeting pleasure what consideration of consequential theory of Jeremy Bentham does Langdon apply?
Certainty
82
According to the thought of St. Thomas Aquinas what is defined as, “Criteria of judgment about the sorts of persons we ought to be and the sorts of actions we ought to perform.”
Norms of Morality
83
According to the thought of St. Thomas Aquinas what is defined as “A rational assessment or an act on the basis of the given standard or criteria.”
Criteria for Judgement
84
Rommel argues in his presentation about moral judgment that man has natural tendencies preserve his life since it is embedded in his nature. Rommel's discussion expresses what inclination of the human person?
Inclination to the good is common to all created reality.
85
There are four characteristic of natural law what among this characteristic expresses, “We cannot ignore without dire consequence”
Obligatory
86
Erroneous conscience sees evil as good it comes from four sources based on our discussion which does not belong to the group?
Bad Mood
87
?Among the options which work belongs to John Locke
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
88
To what type specific of knowledge did Locke compare morality?
Demonstrative Knowledge
89
Who define good as, “Things are good or evil only in reference to pleasure or pain. That we call good which is apt to cause or increase pleasure, or diminish pain in us”
John Locke
90
What is the groundwork of morality according to Kant?
Duty
91
What should motivate a will in order for it to be considered good according to Kant?
Duty
92
What is considered by Kant as the highest good?
Goodwill
93
What do we call the acts which has no moral worth for Kant?
Acts done with a motive of duty
94
Sandro is a cop by profession he was tasked to give his judgment about the case of his fellow officer. Before he gave his judgment Sandro looked into the charges being pressed against his fellow officer and the supporting evidence. Sandro’s action speaks of Ross notion of one’s duty which among the four in particular?
Learn and discern the facts of the case.
95
(Continuation of the story on the previous item)Sandro was postulating and enumerating the possibilities of his decision and its repercussion. Sandro’s action speaks of Ross notion of one’s duty which among the four in particular?
Consider the possible consequences of our action