Fundamental components of rocks. They are naturally occurring (not man made or machine generated), inorganic (not a by product of living things)

Light is reflected from the surface of a mineral

Measure of the resistance of a mineral to scratch

minerals displays a variety of colors resulting from impurities

Mineral's color in powdered form

Natural shape of the mineral before the development of any cleavage or fracture

Property of some minerals to break along specific planes of weakness to form, smooth, flat

Minerals that do not exhibit cleavage are said to fracture when broken

ratio of the density of mineral and density of water

Combined aggregation of different kinds of minerals

formed from the cooling and solidification of molten rock material called magma

magma solidifies within Earth's surface

erupted onto the surface or into the atmosphere

formed from the accumulation and compaction of sediments over time

composed of clasts or fragments of pre existing rocks and sediments

Formed by chemical precipitation that begins when water traveling through rock

Formed from the accumulation of organic debris like plants and animals

Form from heat and pressure changing the original form of rock

Have bands and visible layers created through direct pressure and heat

Do not have layers and do not have bands

Wearing down or breaking of rocks, while they're in place

caused by the movement of plants and animals

Interaction rocks with mineral solutions to change the composition of rocks

Physical processes affect the rock, such as changes in temperature or when the rock is exposed to the effects of wind, rain, and waves

rocks are worn away and transported over time by natural forces such as wind, water