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問題一覧
1
Projection for small breast
fb or mlo
2
Projection for male breast
fb
3
Projection for large breasts
sectional (mlo upper mlo lower)
4
Projection for kyphotic pt
fb, 2 cc, lmo
5
Projection for pectus excavatum
2 cc (medial and lateral) cv lmo
6
Projection for pextus carinatum
cc plus xccl mlo plus at to image missed tissue
7
Projection for elderly pt
chair examination
8
Post surgical projection
cc ml or mlo of surgical site may or may not include magnification spot compression and or AT
9
Projection for irradiated breast
mammograms can be performed 6-12 months after completion of radiation treatment infection control critical
10
Stretcher/cart patient projection
cc pt supine on stretcher xray tube 90° rotated cc pt lateral on stretcher dray tube 90° rotated image FB or CC mlo tube is 0° pt semiprone or lateral
11
Wheelchair pt projection
fb lm
12
Projection for nipple not in profile
image entire breast if necessary image separately use nipple markers can prevent unnecessary imaaging
13
Projection for skin folds or wrikling of the breast
this may be impossible to avoid in the elderly use index finger avoid pushing outside the compression field
14
Projection for pt with uneven breast
if ml IR must be parallel to the pectoral muscle IR should be positioned in the axilla 2 images for each routine proj posterior and anterior may be necessary flex paddle avoid over compression of posterior breasg tissue to achieve achieve adequate compression of anterior breast
15
Projection for pt with protruding abdomen
cc with pt standing away from the unit and leaning forward MLO using reduced tube angulation
16
Projection for pt with frozen shoulder
reverse lmo or lm
17
Defines the lesion or area throu focal compression
spot compression
18
Separate overlying parenchyma
spot compression
19
Combines with spot compression to demonstrate margins of lesion
magnification
20
Delineates micro calcification
magnification
21
Demonstrate air fluid fat levels
ml, lm
22
Localization
ml, lm
23
Demonstrate lesion located in the lateral aspect of the breast
ml
24
Demonstrate lesion located in the medial aspect of the breast
lm
25
Complement mlo projection
ml
26
Visualizes lesions in the deep outer aspect of the breast that are not seen in standard cc
xccl
27
Visualizes lesiok in deep medial breast tissue
cc for cv
28
Demonstrate medial lesion in true transverse/axial plane
cc for cv
29
Triangulates lesion seen only on cc proj
cc with roll L/M
30
Defines location of lesion as in either superior or inferior aspect of the breast
cc with roll L/M
31
Confirms dermal versus breast calcification
tan
32
Demonstrate obscure palpable lump over subcutaneous fat
tan
33
Focal compression view of axillary tail
mlo for at
34
Demonstrate medial breast tissue
lmo
35
Replace mlo for pt with pectus excavatum
lmo
36
Lmo replace mlo for pt with
pectus excavatum, prominent pacemakers, prominent pectoral muscle, hickman catheters, post operative open heart surgery
37
Visualizes upper inner quadrant and lower outer quadrant which normally superimposed on mlo and lmo proj
sio
38
It is the breast tissue sample removed during a biopsy
specimen
39
A radiograph of the specimen is necessary to ensure the area under suspicion is totally removed and the margins are clean.In imaging the specimen:
Speed and efficiency are important because the patient may be under anesthesia.Always use compression when imaging larger specimensMagnification may help to visualize microcalcifications
40
Respiration in cc
suspended
41
Respiration in mlo
suspended
42
Level of IR in cc
raised inframammary fold
43
Pt head in cc
turn away from the side being examine
44
Pt feet in cc
apart with weight equally distributed
45
Pt arm in cc
placed by the patient side
46
Nipple image in cc
nipple centered on the ir
47
What aspect of the breast included
medial and lateral aspect must be included in the collimated area
48
Howmany percent of the pectoralis major muscle must seen
20% of the time
49
Cc proj should include with how much the amount of tissue measure in mlo
1cm
50
It is required by the ACR for the cc
appropriate markers and labelling
51
Tube angulation for mlo
30-60
52
What patient size is required steeper angulation
thin pt
53
Arms in mlo
drape over the top of the ir ipper border of the ir fits in the armpit
54
What must adequately support anterior breast tissue to prevent sagging and distortion of the ductal architecture
compression
55
Compression must adequately support WHAT to prevent sagging and distortion of the ductal architecture
anterior breast tissue
56
Compression must adequately support anterior breast tissue to prevent WHAT of the ductal architecture
sagging and distortion
57
Compression must adequately support anterior breast tissue to prevent sagging and distortion of the WHAT
ductal architecture
58
Who supports the anterior breast with one hand during compression
mammographer
59
The mammographer support s the anterior breast with one hand during compression and uses the pther hand to WHAT?
adjust skin over the sternum and clavicle to reduce pulling sensation
60
The WHAT muscle demonstrate to level of the nipple
convex shaped pectoral muscle