問題一覧
1
By the time Middle Ages ended, Christianity was already becoming a global faith.
True
2
Check all CORRECT statements
The Gutenberg printing press was a major technological advancement, which was crucial for the Reformation , In the Italian Renaissance, a revival of the study of the Greek language became possible partially because there was an exodus of Greek-speaking intellectuals westward after the fall of Constantinople , Erasmus of Rotterdam was a humanist who become an avid dependent of Protestantism after his conversion in the Augsburg Revival
3
Pope Alexander VI, who favored _____, decreed that any newly discovered lands after _____ should be under Spanish jurisdiction. Portugal, however, rejected this decision. Subsequent negotiations between Spain and Portugal resulted in the _____ (1494) which assigned specific regions of these uncharted and unexplored territories to each country.
Spain; 1492; Treaty of Tordesilles
4
Pedro Alvarez Cabrel
Made landfall and established the colony of (“discovered”) Brazil
5
Vasco da Gama
Fascilitated trade connections with the eastern coast of Africa, extending further across the Indian Ocean to India. Along side paving the way for a lucrative spice trade route, his expedition of Mozambique as a strategic base for voyages to India.
6
Francis Xavier
Reached Goa on INdia’s Western coast, which had already become a prominent Portuguese trading hub in Asia. Over the ensuing decade, he launched a range of missionary endeavors in the area, encompassing numerous missions in India and various other Asian regions.
7
Christopher Columbus
Aimed to circumnavigate the globe in search of a quicker route to India. Ultimately, he stumbled upon the Americas, paving the way for Spanish colonization and the economic exploitation of this expansive region, subsequently dubbed the "New World."
8
It is possible to study appropriately the development of the Christian heritage without paying attention to the centrality of economic, political, social, and cultural developments in specific contexts.
False
9
The Northern European Reformation was predominantly based largely in cities such as Lyons, Orléans, Paris, Poitiers, Rouen, Zurich, Bern, Basel, Augsburg, Erfurt, Frankfurt, Geneva, and Hamburg
True
10
Check all CORRECT statements about Erasmus of Rotterdam
Viewed native languages as a hindrance to his dream of a cosmopolitan Europe unified through the use of the Latin language. , Regarded laymen and women as the most important resource that the church possessed., For Erasmus, Scripture should and must be made available to everyone. , Produced an edition of the Greek text of the New Testamen, He suggested that reading of Scripture transforms its readers and gives them motivation to love God and their neighbors.
11
The Italian Renaissance can be summarized in the Latin slogan __________, which means “back to the fountainhead” (or "back to the sources").
Ad Fontes
12
According to John Calvin, what were the two essential elements of the Church?
Preaching the word of GOd and the administration of sacraments
13
What book is considered John Calvin’s greatest achievement
The institutes of the Christian Religion
14
Which one of the following is one of the following statements is included in Zwingli's 67 articles?
"Christ is the only eternal high priest...those who have called themselves high priests have opposed the honor and power Christ."
15
According to Martin Luther, the only valid sacraments of the church are?
Baptism and the Eucharist
16
Which of the following was NOT a major theme of the Protestant Reformation?
The Cult of the Saints
17
Which is of the following is an important contribution Luther makes to the Protestant Reformation?
All of the Above
18
What was the Marburg Colloquy?
A meeting between Luther and Zwingli on points of theological disagreement for the purpose of uniting Protestant States
19
What was the point of theological difference that Luther and Zwingli were unable to agree on?
The nature Jesus' real presence in the Eucharist
20
Luther's doctrine of "Two Kingdoms" meant that God's worldly government is affected through kings, princes, and magistrates.
True
21
Zwingli's reform of the church was based on the writings of biblical humanists like Erasmus.
True
22
Luther's doctrine of "Two Kingdoms" led him to support the people in the Peasant's War against German princes.
False
23
Which of the following describes Zwingli's emphasis in the interpretation of the Bible?
the Bible contains commands of God with an emphasis on ethical living and obedience
24
Martin Luther rejected the use of images in Christian worship.
False
25
Which of the following characterizes Zwingli's approach to the Reformation?
A strong focus on institutional and moral reform based on the Sermon of the Mount.
26
What was Henry VIII’s motivation for English Reformation?
Political i.e., securing the line of succession
27
What issue led the Anabaptists to break with the magisterial Reformation of Luther & Zwingli?
Infant Baptism
28
Which is one of the ways the Reformation changed the roles of women in the church?
The removal of Marian iconography from the devotional life of churches and individuals
29
Which one of the following was a Protestant criticism of Catholic teaching?
All of these
30
The Catholic Reformation affirmed that the Bible could not be considered the only source of revelation.
True
31
Ignatius of Loyola formed which new religious order
The Society of Jesus
32
The German and English Reformation arose out of similar theological concerns with the Catholic Church.
False
33
What was the Schleitheim Confession?
The articles of seperation for Anabaptists
34
What was the Second Reformation?
The process of establishing territorial religions based on state authorized church doctrine
35
What was the origin of King James Bible?
James I’s desire to secure religious peace in England
36
The Reformation was a single movement of unanimous theological dissent from the Catholic Church
False
37
Which one of the following was NOT one of Luther’s two objection to the sale of indulgences?
He was not collecting enough of them at his church
38
Conrad Grebel
Attacked Zwingli for not going far enough in his reforms of the church
39
Henry VIII
Broke from the Catholic church in order to secure his crown and have his first marriage annulled
40
Theresa of Avila
An influential figure in the Catholic Reformation achieved fame as a spiritual writer.
41
Martin Luther
Read the book of Romans and came to understand that justifying righteousness should be understood as a divine gift to humanity.
42
Ulrich Zwingli
Known as the people’s priest who actively preached against every aspect of the Catholic religion including the cult of the saints, the practice of fasting and worshipping Mary.
43
Thirty Years’ War
An international religious conflict which pitted Lutherans, Reformed and Catholic regions against one another and eventually led to religious toleration in Europe.
44
Wittenburg
At the center of the reform movement where reforming principles were actualized to change both the church and society
45
The Radical Reformation
Movement that interpreted the sola scriptura principle as demanding that beliefs and practices – such as the baptism of infants – which were not specifically stated or endorsed in the Bible were to be uprooted.
46
The Muenster Rebellion
This event created widespread hostility towards Anabaptism and led to being seen as a threat to social and national security and stability.
47
Concil of Trent
Proposed a series of changes within the Catholic church over the course of three meetings to answer the challenges of Protestantism
48
Which of the following is NOT one of the sacraments of the Catholic Church?
Tithes & Offerings
49
Which of these defines the magisterial Reformation?
A close relationship between the church and state
50
Luther’s doctrine of “two kingdoms” developed an alternative theory of spheres of authority based on which distinctions
Worldly and spiritual government
51
Which of the following best reflects The Council of Trent’s belief on the doctrine of transubstantiation?
Reaffirms the substance of the bread and wine as the body and blood of Christ
52
The Schleitheim Confession was written against which two groups?
Papist and antipapist
53
The Luther movie included instances of Martin Luther’s antisemitism
False
54
Which of the following was John Tetzel’s slogan for selling indulgences?
As soon as the coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory springs
55
What was the Leipzig Disputation?
A debate between Martin Luther and Johann Eck on issues related to the reform of the church
56
Which one of the following comparisons was included in the cartoon pamphlets urging Reformation?
Jesus washing the disciples’ feet vs. Princes Kissing the feet of the Pope
57
Protestant reforms accepted the medieval distinction between the “sacred” and “secular” realms.
False
58
German sociologist Max Weber did not believe there was a connection between Calvinism and capitalism.
False
59
Which one of the following was NOT one of the works written by Luther on or before 1520?
Against the Peasants
60
Zwingli did not preach the assigned church lessons in Zurich instead he preached through the book of.
Matthew
61
According to Zwingli’s 67 Theses, Christ was the only way to salvation.
True
62
Zwingli wrote that ____ is our justice, from which follows our ____ in so far that they are good.
Christ; Works
63
Zwingli argued that it was a sin for clergy not to protect themselves by marriage.
True
64
Protestant reformers argued that justification was achieved by what means?
Faith in Christ Alone
65
The Council of Trent accused Protestants of having which of the following regarding their salvation?
An ungodly confidence
66
Which one of these is Zwingli’s statement of belief about the sacrament of communion?
“It follows that the mass is not a sacrifice, but a remembrance of the sacrifice.”
67
Which of the following is NOT one of Luther’s contributions during his own time?
Institutional continuity is central to church tradition and guarantees theological fidelity to the Gospel
68
Huldrych Zwingli’s program of reform was influenced by Erasmus.
True
69
Which of the following did Martin Luther write after his excommunication from the Catholic church?
“Against the Peasants”
70
King Henry VIII supported Thomas Crammer’s efforts to rewrite the Book of Common Prayer.
False
71
During his 4th voyage, Columbus believed he was close to what biblical location?
Eden
72
Columbus placed crosses on strategic sites on islands he visited
True
73
Bartolomé de las Casas thought Columbus acted consistent with Christian principles in his treatment of indigenous peoples.
False
74
The pope gave Catholic Monarchs the power to the newfound lands not…
Under the domination of any Christian lord
75
Indigenous people in Paraguay were required by de Vaca to swear allegiance to what?
The Castilian crown and the Catholic Church
76
Pope Leo XIII labeled the discovery of the unknown world near the Atlantic Ocean as the evilest deed sanctioned by the Catholic church.
False
77
Spanish conquistadors encouraged black slaves to do which of the following?
Get Married
78
Rivera equates which sacrament with an implied expropriation through the act of naming?
Baptism
79
Foremost among Erasmus’ humanist achievements was his printed edition of
The Greek New Testament
80
Unlike Luther, Erasmus was unwilling to break with the Catholic Church.
True
81
What is the meaning of the Latin phrase Dulce bellum inexpertis?
“War is sweet to those who know it not”
82
In what group does Erasmus locate the ideal of human friendship?
The Learned
83
According to Erasmus, Christ’s ultimate gift to his Apostles was
Peace
84
In the “95 These,” Luther attacked
The sale of indulgences
85
Luther argued that the teaching that __________ was one of the three “walls” of the Romanists.
All of the Above
86
Luther said Christ gave the keys to
Peter
87
Luther used __________ as the primary source to support his arguments.
Scripture
88
Luther said that people are Justified by
Faith
89
What was Anne Askew arrested for before escaping?
Possessing banned books
90
Who examined Anne Askew at Saddler’s Hall?
Christopher Dare
91
“I answered that I would not throw pearls among swine, for were good enough.”
Acorns
92
When asked about her views on confession, Anne Askew cites St. Paul.
True
93
“Then I (Anne Askew) asked, how many women he had seen go into the pulpit and preach. He said he __________.”
Never saw one
94
Calvin said everything happening in the world was
Governed by God
95
Calvin used __________ as analogous to the way Scripture clarified human notions of God.
Creation
96
Calvin argued that the spiritual promise given to Christians in __________ was the very same as that given to the Hebrew people in circumcision.
Baptism
97
What was to be experienced rather than understood?
Eucharist
98
Menno’s followers were known as
Mennonites
99
According to the text, which of the following is not a prerequisite for baptism?
Preaching of the gospel
100
According to Menno Simons, the Lord’s Supper is intended only as a memorial of Jesus’ sacrifice.
True