Significantly impacts a person's health and causes many symptoms

first of overall two protein synthesis steps.

To fit inside cells, DNA is coiled tightly to form structures we call?

Parts of non-homologous chromosomes change places.

identifies changes in genes, chromosomes, or proteins.

purine to purine; pyrimidine to pyrimidine

The most fundamental biological processes by which individual cells build their specific proteins.

Is any mistake or change in the DNA sequence. It is an alteration in an organism's genetic material.

Spontaneous Mutations

The RNA copy of the protein genetic information encoded in DNA molecule is produced in the nucleus and it is called mrsanger WN (mRNA). Each mRNA encodes the information

technology that allows researchers to determine the order of bases in a DNA sequence.

Are mutations brought about by mutagens.

A block of one or more DNA pairs is LOST

The release of polypeptide from the ribosomes.

German biochemist in 1869

The mRNA combines with ribosome and tRNA brings free amino acids to ribosomes

Nucleotides are attached together to form two long strands that spiral to create a structure called?

contains the instructions an organism needs to develop, live and reproduce.

translates genetic information from DNA into proteins.

DNA is made up of molecules called?

Block of one or more DNA pairs is added

the protein polymers are actually what?

The addition of amino acid to growing chain of amino acids in the ribosome.

A purine is substituted for a pyrimidine, or a pyrimidine is substituted for a purine.

Is the 180 degree rotation of DNA piece

moves from the nucleus to the cell cytoplasm.

The hydrogen bonds are broken down and the DNA double helix unwinds to uncover a sequence of nitrogenous bases.

Typically no health consequences or symptoms

duplicate of one of the DNA strand is made.