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Introduction to Computer
34問 • 1年前
  • Uc Sasuke
    • 通報

    問題一覧

  • 1

    is an electronic device, operating under the control of intructions stored in its own memory that can accept data(input), process the data according to specified rules, produce information (output), and store the information for future use.

    Computer

  • 2

    Functionalities of a computer

    Takes data as input., Stores the data/instructions in its own memory and use them when required., Processes the data and converts it into useful information., Generates the output., Controls all the above four steps.

  • 3

    Computer components consist of

    Hardware, Software

  • 4

    Computer hardware is the collection of physical elements that constitutes a computer system. Computer hardware refers to the physical parts or components of a computer such as the monitor, mouse, keyboard, computer data storage, hard drive disk (HDD), system unit (graphic cards, sound cards, memory, motherboard and chips), etc. all of which are physical objects that can be touched.

    Hardware

  • 5

    any peripheral (piece of computer hardware equipment to provide data and control signals to an information processing system such as a computer or other information appliance).

    Input Devices

  • 6

    Translate data from form that humans understand to one that the computer can work with. Most common are keyboard and mouse.

    Input Devices

  • 7

    Example of Input Devices

    Keyboard, Mouse, Microphone, Touch screen, Scanner, Webcam, Touchpads, MIDI Keyboard, Graphic Tablets, Camera, Pen Inputs, Video Capture Hardware, Trackballs, Barcode reader, Digital camera, Joystick, Gamepad, Electronic Whiteboard

  • 8

    brain of a computer. It is responsible for all functions and processes. It is the most important element of a computer system.

    Central Processing Unit (CPU)

  • 9

    The CPU is comprised of three main parts :

    Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), Control Unit (CU), Registers

  • 10

    Executes all arithmetic and logical operations. Arithmetic calculations like as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Logical operation like compare numbers, letters, or special characters.

    Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

  • 11

    controls and co-ordinates computer components.

    Control Unit (CU)

  • 12

    5 parts/purpose of Control Unit

    Read the code for the next instruction to be executed., Increment the program counter so it points to the next instruction., Read whatever data the instruction requires from cells in memory., Provide the necessary data to an ALU or register., If the instruction requires an ALU or specialized hardware to complete, instruct the hardware to perform the requested operation.

  • 13

    Stores the data that is to be executed next, "very fast storage area".

    Registers

  • 14

    Two Types of Memory

    Primary Memory, Secondary Memory

  • 15

    is a memory scheme within the computer system responsible for storing data on a temporary basis, so that it can be promptly accessed by the processor as and when needed. It is volatile in nature, which means that data will be erased once supply to the storage device is turned off.

    Random Access Memory (RAM)

  • 16

    2 Types of Primary Memory

    Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM)

  • 17

    is a permanent form of storage & stays active regardless of whether power supply to it is turned on or off.

    Read Only Memory (ROM)

  • 18

    Stores data and programs permanently :its retained after the power is turned off.

    Secondary Memory

  • 19

    store and provides relatively quick access to large amounts of data on an electromagnetically charged surface or set of surfaces.

    Hard drive (HD)

  • 20

    is a disk drive that uses laser light as part of the process of reading or writing data to or from optical discs. Some drives can only read from discs, but recent drives are commonly both readers and recorders, also called burners or writers. Compact discs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs are common types of optical media which can be read and recorded by such drives.

    Optical Disk (OOD)

  • 21

    storage module made of flash memory chips, have no mechanical platters or access arms, but the term "disk" is used because the data are accessed as if they were on a hard drive. The disk storage structure is emulated.

    Flash Disk

  • 22

    any piece of computer hardware equipment used to communicate the results of data processing carried out by an information processing system (such as a computer) which converts the electronically generated information into humanreadable form.

    Output devices

  • 23

    Example on Output Devices:

    Monitor, LCD Projection Panels, Printers (all types), Computer Output Microfilm (COM), Plotters, Speaker(s), Projector, CRT Monitor, TFT Monitor

  • 24

    Basic types of monitors are

    Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD), light-emitting diode (LED)

  • 25

    Printer types

    Laser Printer, Ink Jet Printer, Dot Matrix Printer

  • 26

    is a generic term for organized collections of computer data and instructions.

    Software

  • 27

    two major categories/2 Types of software

    System Software, Application Software

  • 28

    is responsible for controlling, integrating, and managing the individual hardware components of a computer system so that other software and the users of the system see it as a functional unit without having to be concerned with the low-level details such as transferring data from memory to disk, or rendering text onto a display.

    System software

  • 29

    used to accomplish specific tasks other than just running the computer system.

    Application software

  • 30

    also known as an application or an "app", is computer software designed to help the user to perform specific tasks.

    Application software

  • 31

    Computer software, or just software is a general term primarily used for digitally stored data such as computer programs and other kinds of information read and written by computers. App comes under computer software though it has a wide scope now.

    System software

  • 32

    Examples of System Software

    Microsoft Windows, Linux, Unix, Mac OSX, DOS

  • 33

    Examples of Application Software

    Opera (Web Browser), Microsoft Word (Word Processing), Microsoft Excel (Spreadsheet software), MySQL (Database Software), Microsoft PowerPoint (Presentation Software), Adobe Photoshop (Graphics Software)

  • 34

    2 types of unit in measurements

    Storage measurements, Speed measurement

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    問題一覧

  • 1

    is an electronic device, operating under the control of intructions stored in its own memory that can accept data(input), process the data according to specified rules, produce information (output), and store the information for future use.

    Computer

  • 2

    Functionalities of a computer

    Takes data as input., Stores the data/instructions in its own memory and use them when required., Processes the data and converts it into useful information., Generates the output., Controls all the above four steps.

  • 3

    Computer components consist of

    Hardware, Software

  • 4

    Computer hardware is the collection of physical elements that constitutes a computer system. Computer hardware refers to the physical parts or components of a computer such as the monitor, mouse, keyboard, computer data storage, hard drive disk (HDD), system unit (graphic cards, sound cards, memory, motherboard and chips), etc. all of which are physical objects that can be touched.

    Hardware

  • 5

    any peripheral (piece of computer hardware equipment to provide data and control signals to an information processing system such as a computer or other information appliance).

    Input Devices

  • 6

    Translate data from form that humans understand to one that the computer can work with. Most common are keyboard and mouse.

    Input Devices

  • 7

    Example of Input Devices

    Keyboard, Mouse, Microphone, Touch screen, Scanner, Webcam, Touchpads, MIDI Keyboard, Graphic Tablets, Camera, Pen Inputs, Video Capture Hardware, Trackballs, Barcode reader, Digital camera, Joystick, Gamepad, Electronic Whiteboard

  • 8

    brain of a computer. It is responsible for all functions and processes. It is the most important element of a computer system.

    Central Processing Unit (CPU)

  • 9

    The CPU is comprised of three main parts :

    Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), Control Unit (CU), Registers

  • 10

    Executes all arithmetic and logical operations. Arithmetic calculations like as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Logical operation like compare numbers, letters, or special characters.

    Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

  • 11

    controls and co-ordinates computer components.

    Control Unit (CU)

  • 12

    5 parts/purpose of Control Unit

    Read the code for the next instruction to be executed., Increment the program counter so it points to the next instruction., Read whatever data the instruction requires from cells in memory., Provide the necessary data to an ALU or register., If the instruction requires an ALU or specialized hardware to complete, instruct the hardware to perform the requested operation.

  • 13

    Stores the data that is to be executed next, "very fast storage area".

    Registers

  • 14

    Two Types of Memory

    Primary Memory, Secondary Memory

  • 15

    is a memory scheme within the computer system responsible for storing data on a temporary basis, so that it can be promptly accessed by the processor as and when needed. It is volatile in nature, which means that data will be erased once supply to the storage device is turned off.

    Random Access Memory (RAM)

  • 16

    2 Types of Primary Memory

    Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM)

  • 17

    is a permanent form of storage & stays active regardless of whether power supply to it is turned on or off.

    Read Only Memory (ROM)

  • 18

    Stores data and programs permanently :its retained after the power is turned off.

    Secondary Memory

  • 19

    store and provides relatively quick access to large amounts of data on an electromagnetically charged surface or set of surfaces.

    Hard drive (HD)

  • 20

    is a disk drive that uses laser light as part of the process of reading or writing data to or from optical discs. Some drives can only read from discs, but recent drives are commonly both readers and recorders, also called burners or writers. Compact discs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs are common types of optical media which can be read and recorded by such drives.

    Optical Disk (OOD)

  • 21

    storage module made of flash memory chips, have no mechanical platters or access arms, but the term "disk" is used because the data are accessed as if they were on a hard drive. The disk storage structure is emulated.

    Flash Disk

  • 22

    any piece of computer hardware equipment used to communicate the results of data processing carried out by an information processing system (such as a computer) which converts the electronically generated information into humanreadable form.

    Output devices

  • 23

    Example on Output Devices:

    Monitor, LCD Projection Panels, Printers (all types), Computer Output Microfilm (COM), Plotters, Speaker(s), Projector, CRT Monitor, TFT Monitor

  • 24

    Basic types of monitors are

    Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD), light-emitting diode (LED)

  • 25

    Printer types

    Laser Printer, Ink Jet Printer, Dot Matrix Printer

  • 26

    is a generic term for organized collections of computer data and instructions.

    Software

  • 27

    two major categories/2 Types of software

    System Software, Application Software

  • 28

    is responsible for controlling, integrating, and managing the individual hardware components of a computer system so that other software and the users of the system see it as a functional unit without having to be concerned with the low-level details such as transferring data from memory to disk, or rendering text onto a display.

    System software

  • 29

    used to accomplish specific tasks other than just running the computer system.

    Application software

  • 30

    also known as an application or an "app", is computer software designed to help the user to perform specific tasks.

    Application software

  • 31

    Computer software, or just software is a general term primarily used for digitally stored data such as computer programs and other kinds of information read and written by computers. App comes under computer software though it has a wide scope now.

    System software

  • 32

    Examples of System Software

    Microsoft Windows, Linux, Unix, Mac OSX, DOS

  • 33

    Examples of Application Software

    Opera (Web Browser), Microsoft Word (Word Processing), Microsoft Excel (Spreadsheet software), MySQL (Database Software), Microsoft PowerPoint (Presentation Software), Adobe Photoshop (Graphics Software)

  • 34

    2 types of unit in measurements

    Storage measurements, Speed measurement