問題一覧
1
A calorie is defined as exactly 4.184 J therefore is 1.000
4184 J.
2
The process by which a solution is heated to its boiling point and the vapors are condensed and collected is known as
combustion
3
In the petroleum industry, what does a refinery do?
it separates crude oil into fractions of compounds with similar boiling points
4
cracking is?
the breaking of larger molecules into smaller ones
5
Which factor did not a play a major in the formation of fossil fuels from plant matter?
abundance of sunlight
6
Which is a fossil fuel?
Natural gas
7
Combustion is a chemical process in which fuel combines with *Blank* to release energy and form products
oxygen
8
Petroleum (crude oil) is a complex mixture of thousands of substances the majority of which
hydrocarbons
9
Which of the following are forms of kinetic energy
electrical energy
10
The first law of thermodynamics states that
energy is neither created nor destroyed
11
Which of the following has the highest boiling point?
octane
12
In a refinery the components of petroleum are separated by
fractional distillation
13
The heat energy released or absorbed by a chemical reaction is generally determined by the difference between the energy that
must be put in to break the bonds in the reactants and the energy that released upon making the bonds in the products
14
If a snack cake contains 459 food calories and Dr wattenburgej is able to burn 250 calories by running for one half an hour how long must she run to completely burn off the snack cake
54 minutes
15
Which is not a known advantage of natural gas over the other fossil fuels
it is far more abundant than any other fossil fuel
16
How is heat energy used to generate electricity in a modern power plant?
Heat boils water to make steam, which drives a turbine
17
In an exothermic chemical reaction
heat is released as the reaction proceeds.
18
The energy stored in the chemical bonds of fossil fuels is a form of *blank* energy
potential
19
The energy of motion is callled *blank* energy
kinetic
20
What is the name of the hydrocarbon C4H10
butane
21
The energy that flows from a warmer body to a colder body is called
heat
22
Any chemical or physical change that absorbs energy
is an endothermic process
23
The property of matter that determines the direction of heat flow is the
temperature
24
In the famous equation E = mc2, the symbols represent
E= energy , m = mass , c = speed of light
25
Which is a common characteristic of both nuclear and conventional electric power plants?
steam turbines
26
Which feature or process is unique to nuclear power plants when compared to conventional coal-burning power plants?
control rods
27
If 1.8 × 1014 J is released in a nuclear reaction, how much matter was lost?
2.0 x 10-3 kg
28
Rank the forms of nuclear radiation from highest to lowest mass.
alpha, beta , gamma
29
Fission is the process of creating energy by
splitting large nuclei to form smaller, more stable nuclei.splitting large nuclei to form smaller, more stable nuclei.
30
Which example is both a type of nuclear radiation and electromagnetic radiation
gamma radiation
31
What type of radiation is given off in this nuclear reaction?
alpha
32
The half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years. If you started with 100.0 g of carbon-14, how much would remain after 4 half-lives?
6.25 g
33
Which is not a benefit associated with nuclear power plants?
inexpensive to operate
34
Which unit is commonly used by utilities to measure the amount of electrical energy consumed?
kWh
35
If you have 200.0 g of radioisotope with a half-life of 5 days, how much isotope would remain after 15 days?
25.0 g
36
Which naturally occurring radioactive particles are the size of a helium nucleus?
Alpha particles
37
Which is not true of radioactive half-life? Radioactive half-life is
increased by heating the inter scope
38
Chemical energy is converted directly into electrical energy in
a galvanic cell
39
What moves in the salt bridge from the cathode to the anode?
anions
40
Which is the cathode in this galvanic cell
the solid silver electrode