mgt 301 (1)
問題一覧
1
Which of the following is not a reason why business schools have begun to include classes on organizational behavior?
to expand organizations' consulting needs
2
Which of the following is most likely to be a belief held by a successful manager?
Technical skills are necessary, but insufficient alone for success. .
3
Which of the following would not be considered an organization?
all adults in a given community
4
Which one of the following would not be considered a human skill of a manager?
decision making
5
Technical skills encompass the ability to ________.
apply specialized knowledge or expertise
6
Jill is valued by her colleagues for her ability to perform effective break-even analysis on upcoming ventures. In this case, her colleagues value her for competencies that fall within which essential management skills categories?
technical
7
Managers need to have three essential skills in order to reach their goals. What are these skills?
technical, human, and conceptual
8
According to Mintzberg, when a manager searches the organization and its environment for opportunities and initiates projects to bring about change, the manager is acting in which role?
entrepreneur
9
Which of the following is not one of the four primary management functions?
staffing
10
Which of a manager's primary functions requires the manager to define an organization's goals, establish an overall strategy for achieving these goals and develop a comprehensive hierarchy of plans to integrate and coordinate activities?
planning
11
Designing an organization's structure, such as who reports to whom, defines the ________ function.
organizing
12
As a manager, one of Joe's duties is to present awards to outstanding employees within his department. Which Mintzberg managerial role is Joe acting in when he does this?
figurehead role
13
Which of the following is not an interpersonal role of management according to Mintzberg?
a department head relocating the department after a fire
14
Which one of the following would not be considered a human skill of a manager?
decision making.
15
Basing managerial decisions on the best available scientific evidence is called ________.
evidence-based management
16
Analyzing relationships, determining causes and effects, and basing conclusions on scientific evidence all constitute aspects of ________ study.
systematic
17
Organizational behavior is constructed from all of the following disciplines except ________.
physics
18
Psychology's major contributions to the field of organizational behavior have been primarily at what level of analysis?
the level of the individual
19
The science that seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change the behavior of humans and other animals is known as ________.
psychology
20
Austin is a graduate student helping to organize a study about individual job satisfaction. The study focuses on the top five reasons that a person is satisfied or dissatisfied in his current job. His department is surveying 200 individuals in 100 different types of organizations. Austin is most likely a graduate student in the department of ________.
psychology
21
Group behavior, power, and conflict are central areas of study for ________.
social psychologists
22
________ focuses on the study of people in relation to their social environment.
Sociology
23
Which field of study has contributed to OB through its research on organizational culture and formal organization theory and structure?
sociology
24
Which of the following fields has most helped us understand differences in fundamental values, attitudes, and behavior among people in different countries?
anthropology
25
Myriam is analyzing the gender roles of men and women in management in the United States compared to those of management in Japan. She is surveying fifty men and fifty women managers in each country to compare their daily behavior. Myriam's study exemplifies how ________ contributes to OB.
anthropology
26
There are ________ simple and universal principles that explain organizational behavior.
few if any
27
The six key dependent variables relevant to OB on the contingency model to help explain the complexities of organizational behavior are ________.
productivity, absence, turnover, deviant workplace behavior, citizenship, and satisfaction
28
When Ms. McKay determines which employees will do what tasks, she is performing the ________ function of management.
organizing
29
When Ms. McKay motivates her employees and attempts to resolve conflicts among department members, she is performing the ________ function of management.
leading
30
Josef Nobles has been a manager at Mountain Chemicals for five years. Hired for his expertise in project accounting, he rose quickly through the ranks and is now the head of the accounting and finance department. Josef is viewed as the rising star in the organization by his superiors.
According to Katz, the skills that Mr. Nobles was hired for were what type of skill?
technical
31
Which of the following is a generic term that covers a broad range of feelings that people experience?
affect
32
Which of the following statements is true?
Affect can be experienced as a mood or an emotion.
33
What term is used for intense feelings that are directed at someone or something?
emotions
34
What term is used for feelings that tend to be less intense than emotions?
moods
35
Julia works as a receptionist at a real estate company. Her boss just came in the door and yelled at her, telling her that the front office was a mess and that she needed to get up and clean it immediately. After her boss left the room Julia grabbed three magazines and violently slammed them into the trash can. Which of the following best describes Julia's action?
an emotion
36
Which of the following statements is generally accepted by experts?
Moods and emotions can mutually influence one another.
37
Which of the following is not one of the six universal emotions, as agreed upon by most contemporary researchers?
hate
38
A ________ means that when nothing is going on, people are generally in a good mood.
positivity offset
39
People think about ________ five times longer than they think about ________ .
negative events, positive events
40
Which of the following is a mood dimension consisting of positive emotions?
positive affect
41
________ is an emotion that falls into the category of high positive affect.
Elated
42
When Phineas Gage had an iron bar driven through his brain he ________.
lost the ability to experience emotions
43
What does the case of Phineas Gage serve to illustrate?
the importance of emotions on reasoning
44
People giving different responses to identical emotion-provoking stimuli is a result of ________.
personality
45
Which of the following is the term used for the strength with which individuals experience emotion?
affect intensity
46
Ben is very prone to experiencing emotions in a much stronger manner than most other people. Things that wouldn't provoke any significant emotional response in the average person often send him into fits of happiness, anger, or depression. Ben has a high level of which of the following?
affect intensity
47
What effect does stress typically have on mood?
negative
48
Valerie is in a negative mood, so she decides to watch a rental movie at home with her friends to improve her mood. What effect will this activity likely have on her negative mood?
moderately increase it
49
Which of the following statements is not true about moods and exercise?
Everyone benefits the same from an increase in exercise.
50
What do you call the practice of hiding inner feelings by modifying facial expressions?
surface acting
51
Surface acting deals only with ________ emotions.
displayed
52
What is the name of the theory that has demonstrated that employees react emotionally to things that happen to them at work and that this reaction influences their job performance and satisfaction?
affective events theory
53
Which of the following is an important insight that Affective Events Theory provides?
Emotions provide valuable insights into how workplace hassles and uplifting events influence employee performance and satisfaction.
54
Which of the following is a person's ability to be self-aware, detect emotions in others, and manage emotional cues and information?
emotional intelligence
55
Which of the following is an argument that supports the existence of emotional intelligence?
EI is biologically based
56
Emotional intelligence appears to be especially relevant in jobs that demand which of the following?
social interaction
57
Studies show that people who are depressed tend to make poorer decisions than those with a more positive outlook. Why is this thought to be the case?
They search for the perfect solution when rarely is any solution perfect.
58
Francine is the head of a group at an ad agency working with copywriters, artists, and designers to come up with effective branding of new products. Why is it particularly important for her to keep her team happy?
People are more creative when they are in a good mood.
59
Alicia's supervisor is constantly giving her positive feedback for her work as a book keeper. Alicia, who is often in a good mood, is excited about her work and making the balance sheets work. Alicia's supervisor is using mood for ________ .
motivation
60
Henry is upset because his boss recently reprimanded him for missing a deadline. He put him on a probation period in which Henry lost his two day a week telecommuting privilege. Henry now has to work at the office five days a week. Which of the following might result from Henry's negative attitude due to the reprimand?
deviant behavior
61
Which of the following is the best definition of personality?
Personality is all the ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.
62
Which of the following statements about the determinants of personality is true?
Personality appears to be a result of both hereditary and environmental factors.
63
The most common form of measuring personality is through self-report surveys. However, the applicant could easily ________ .
practice impression management
64
If personality characteristics were completely dictated by ________, they would be fixed at birth and no amount of experience could alter them.
heredity
65
All of the following are classifications on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator except ________.
independent/dependent
66
What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of "E or I" stand for?
extroverted/introverted
67
What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of "S or N" stand for?
sensing/intuitive
68
How would someone who is described as an ESTJ on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator best be described?
as an organizer
69
You wish to hire a person who is innovative, individualistic, versatile, and entrepreneurial. Candidates for this position would ideally have what classification on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator?
ENTPs
70
A book that profiled 13 contemporary business people who created super successful firms including Apple Computer, FedEx, Honda Motors, Microsoft, and Sony found that all 13 were what type of thinkers?
intuitive
71
What is the major problem with the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator as a measure of personality?
It forces a person to be categorized as either one type or another.
72
Which of the following is not included in the Big Five model?
intuitiveness
73
Which dimension of the Big Five model refers to an individual's propensity to defer to others?
agreeableness
74
Which dimension of the Big Five model is a measure of reliability?
conscientiousness
75
Marina loves to visit a new country every year. Her hobbies are visiting museums, painting, traveling, and learning new languages. Which dimension of the Big Five model best describes Marina, according to her hobbies?
openness to experience
76
A high score in which dimension of the Big Five model predicts good job performance for all occupational groups?
conscientiousness
77
Why are agreeable people usually less successful in their careers?
They don't negotiate well.
78
What is the term used for the degree to which people like or dislike themselves?
core self-evaluation
79
Which of the following statements about people with positive core self-evaluations is true?
They tend to obtain more complex and challenging jobs.
80
What personality characteristic centers on whether a person is unemotional and pragmatic and believes that ends can justify means?
Machiavellianism
81
During an annual review Mitchel made the following assertion: "When I look at myself and my performance I see that what I have achieved is outstanding and has, not surprisingly, won me the admiration and envy of most of my colleagues. I notice that everyone keeps talking about me; they are all just waiting to find out what triumph I will pull off next! In short, I don't just deserve a raise, but need one, since without me, let's face it, the place would simply fall apart." Which of the following is probably the best descriptor of Mitchel's personality?
narcissistic
82
Which of the following is not a possible result from hiring Marsha, an applicant with a narcissistic personality?
Marsha is likely to be more productive than her coworkers.
83
How would you describe an individual who is capable of presenting striking contradictions between who they are in public and who they are privately?
high self-monitoring
84
Which of the following terms best describes people who show initiative, take action, and persevere until meaningful change occurs?
proactive personalities
85
Which of the following personality traits is most likely to help achieve career success?
proactive
86
What is the process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment?
perception
87
What are the three classes of factors that influence perception?
factors in the perceiver, factors in the target, and factors in the situation
88
Two people see the same thing at the same time yet interpret it differently. Where do the factors that operate to shape their dissimilar perceptions reside?
the perceivers
89
Which of the following is not a factor in the individual perceiver?
location
90
Which of the following is not true about our perceptions of a target?
Targets are usually looked at in isolation.
91
The time at which an object or event is seen is an example of what type of factor influencing the perceptual process?
context
92
What does consensus refer to in attribution theory?
Different people respond the same way in the same situation.
93
Randy always turns in reports with punctuation errors. The reports of the three other employees on the QA report writing team always produce grammatically clean reports. Randy is about to turn in another report, and his manager has already noticed errors. Randy demonstrates ________. His sloppy reports can be attributed to an ________ cause.
low distinctiveness, low consensus, and high consistency; internal
94
If a person responds the same way over time, attribution theory states that the behavior shows ________.
consistency
95
Janice is late for work each day by about ten minutes. How would attribution theory describe this behavior?
It shows consistency.
96
What term is used for the tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when making judgments about the behavior of others?
fundamental attribution error
97
Your boss never gives you the benefit of the doubt. When you arrived late from lunch, he assumed that you had simply taken too much time. He never considered that the elevators were out and you had to walk up 10 flights of stairs. Your boss is guilty of ________.
fundamental attribution error
98
What term is used for the tendency of an individual to attribute his own successes to internal factors while putting the blame for failures on external factors?
self-serving bias
99
Shortcuts in judging others include all of the following except ________.
self-serving bias
100
What do we call it when we judge someone on the basis of our perception of the group to which he/she belongs?
stereotyping
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11問 • 1年前問題一覧
1
Which of the following is not a reason why business schools have begun to include classes on organizational behavior?
to expand organizations' consulting needs
2
Which of the following is most likely to be a belief held by a successful manager?
Technical skills are necessary, but insufficient alone for success. .
3
Which of the following would not be considered an organization?
all adults in a given community
4
Which one of the following would not be considered a human skill of a manager?
decision making
5
Technical skills encompass the ability to ________.
apply specialized knowledge or expertise
6
Jill is valued by her colleagues for her ability to perform effective break-even analysis on upcoming ventures. In this case, her colleagues value her for competencies that fall within which essential management skills categories?
technical
7
Managers need to have three essential skills in order to reach their goals. What are these skills?
technical, human, and conceptual
8
According to Mintzberg, when a manager searches the organization and its environment for opportunities and initiates projects to bring about change, the manager is acting in which role?
entrepreneur
9
Which of the following is not one of the four primary management functions?
staffing
10
Which of a manager's primary functions requires the manager to define an organization's goals, establish an overall strategy for achieving these goals and develop a comprehensive hierarchy of plans to integrate and coordinate activities?
planning
11
Designing an organization's structure, such as who reports to whom, defines the ________ function.
organizing
12
As a manager, one of Joe's duties is to present awards to outstanding employees within his department. Which Mintzberg managerial role is Joe acting in when he does this?
figurehead role
13
Which of the following is not an interpersonal role of management according to Mintzberg?
a department head relocating the department after a fire
14
Which one of the following would not be considered a human skill of a manager?
decision making.
15
Basing managerial decisions on the best available scientific evidence is called ________.
evidence-based management
16
Analyzing relationships, determining causes and effects, and basing conclusions on scientific evidence all constitute aspects of ________ study.
systematic
17
Organizational behavior is constructed from all of the following disciplines except ________.
physics
18
Psychology's major contributions to the field of organizational behavior have been primarily at what level of analysis?
the level of the individual
19
The science that seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change the behavior of humans and other animals is known as ________.
psychology
20
Austin is a graduate student helping to organize a study about individual job satisfaction. The study focuses on the top five reasons that a person is satisfied or dissatisfied in his current job. His department is surveying 200 individuals in 100 different types of organizations. Austin is most likely a graduate student in the department of ________.
psychology
21
Group behavior, power, and conflict are central areas of study for ________.
social psychologists
22
________ focuses on the study of people in relation to their social environment.
Sociology
23
Which field of study has contributed to OB through its research on organizational culture and formal organization theory and structure?
sociology
24
Which of the following fields has most helped us understand differences in fundamental values, attitudes, and behavior among people in different countries?
anthropology
25
Myriam is analyzing the gender roles of men and women in management in the United States compared to those of management in Japan. She is surveying fifty men and fifty women managers in each country to compare their daily behavior. Myriam's study exemplifies how ________ contributes to OB.
anthropology
26
There are ________ simple and universal principles that explain organizational behavior.
few if any
27
The six key dependent variables relevant to OB on the contingency model to help explain the complexities of organizational behavior are ________.
productivity, absence, turnover, deviant workplace behavior, citizenship, and satisfaction
28
When Ms. McKay determines which employees will do what tasks, she is performing the ________ function of management.
organizing
29
When Ms. McKay motivates her employees and attempts to resolve conflicts among department members, she is performing the ________ function of management.
leading
30
Josef Nobles has been a manager at Mountain Chemicals for five years. Hired for his expertise in project accounting, he rose quickly through the ranks and is now the head of the accounting and finance department. Josef is viewed as the rising star in the organization by his superiors.
According to Katz, the skills that Mr. Nobles was hired for were what type of skill?
technical
31
Which of the following is a generic term that covers a broad range of feelings that people experience?
affect
32
Which of the following statements is true?
Affect can be experienced as a mood or an emotion.
33
What term is used for intense feelings that are directed at someone or something?
emotions
34
What term is used for feelings that tend to be less intense than emotions?
moods
35
Julia works as a receptionist at a real estate company. Her boss just came in the door and yelled at her, telling her that the front office was a mess and that she needed to get up and clean it immediately. After her boss left the room Julia grabbed three magazines and violently slammed them into the trash can. Which of the following best describes Julia's action?
an emotion
36
Which of the following statements is generally accepted by experts?
Moods and emotions can mutually influence one another.
37
Which of the following is not one of the six universal emotions, as agreed upon by most contemporary researchers?
hate
38
A ________ means that when nothing is going on, people are generally in a good mood.
positivity offset
39
People think about ________ five times longer than they think about ________ .
negative events, positive events
40
Which of the following is a mood dimension consisting of positive emotions?
positive affect
41
________ is an emotion that falls into the category of high positive affect.
Elated
42
When Phineas Gage had an iron bar driven through his brain he ________.
lost the ability to experience emotions
43
What does the case of Phineas Gage serve to illustrate?
the importance of emotions on reasoning
44
People giving different responses to identical emotion-provoking stimuli is a result of ________.
personality
45
Which of the following is the term used for the strength with which individuals experience emotion?
affect intensity
46
Ben is very prone to experiencing emotions in a much stronger manner than most other people. Things that wouldn't provoke any significant emotional response in the average person often send him into fits of happiness, anger, or depression. Ben has a high level of which of the following?
affect intensity
47
What effect does stress typically have on mood?
negative
48
Valerie is in a negative mood, so she decides to watch a rental movie at home with her friends to improve her mood. What effect will this activity likely have on her negative mood?
moderately increase it
49
Which of the following statements is not true about moods and exercise?
Everyone benefits the same from an increase in exercise.
50
What do you call the practice of hiding inner feelings by modifying facial expressions?
surface acting
51
Surface acting deals only with ________ emotions.
displayed
52
What is the name of the theory that has demonstrated that employees react emotionally to things that happen to them at work and that this reaction influences their job performance and satisfaction?
affective events theory
53
Which of the following is an important insight that Affective Events Theory provides?
Emotions provide valuable insights into how workplace hassles and uplifting events influence employee performance and satisfaction.
54
Which of the following is a person's ability to be self-aware, detect emotions in others, and manage emotional cues and information?
emotional intelligence
55
Which of the following is an argument that supports the existence of emotional intelligence?
EI is biologically based
56
Emotional intelligence appears to be especially relevant in jobs that demand which of the following?
social interaction
57
Studies show that people who are depressed tend to make poorer decisions than those with a more positive outlook. Why is this thought to be the case?
They search for the perfect solution when rarely is any solution perfect.
58
Francine is the head of a group at an ad agency working with copywriters, artists, and designers to come up with effective branding of new products. Why is it particularly important for her to keep her team happy?
People are more creative when they are in a good mood.
59
Alicia's supervisor is constantly giving her positive feedback for her work as a book keeper. Alicia, who is often in a good mood, is excited about her work and making the balance sheets work. Alicia's supervisor is using mood for ________ .
motivation
60
Henry is upset because his boss recently reprimanded him for missing a deadline. He put him on a probation period in which Henry lost his two day a week telecommuting privilege. Henry now has to work at the office five days a week. Which of the following might result from Henry's negative attitude due to the reprimand?
deviant behavior
61
Which of the following is the best definition of personality?
Personality is all the ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.
62
Which of the following statements about the determinants of personality is true?
Personality appears to be a result of both hereditary and environmental factors.
63
The most common form of measuring personality is through self-report surveys. However, the applicant could easily ________ .
practice impression management
64
If personality characteristics were completely dictated by ________, they would be fixed at birth and no amount of experience could alter them.
heredity
65
All of the following are classifications on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator except ________.
independent/dependent
66
What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of "E or I" stand for?
extroverted/introverted
67
What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of "S or N" stand for?
sensing/intuitive
68
How would someone who is described as an ESTJ on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator best be described?
as an organizer
69
You wish to hire a person who is innovative, individualistic, versatile, and entrepreneurial. Candidates for this position would ideally have what classification on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator?
ENTPs
70
A book that profiled 13 contemporary business people who created super successful firms including Apple Computer, FedEx, Honda Motors, Microsoft, and Sony found that all 13 were what type of thinkers?
intuitive
71
What is the major problem with the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator as a measure of personality?
It forces a person to be categorized as either one type or another.
72
Which of the following is not included in the Big Five model?
intuitiveness
73
Which dimension of the Big Five model refers to an individual's propensity to defer to others?
agreeableness
74
Which dimension of the Big Five model is a measure of reliability?
conscientiousness
75
Marina loves to visit a new country every year. Her hobbies are visiting museums, painting, traveling, and learning new languages. Which dimension of the Big Five model best describes Marina, according to her hobbies?
openness to experience
76
A high score in which dimension of the Big Five model predicts good job performance for all occupational groups?
conscientiousness
77
Why are agreeable people usually less successful in their careers?
They don't negotiate well.
78
What is the term used for the degree to which people like or dislike themselves?
core self-evaluation
79
Which of the following statements about people with positive core self-evaluations is true?
They tend to obtain more complex and challenging jobs.
80
What personality characteristic centers on whether a person is unemotional and pragmatic and believes that ends can justify means?
Machiavellianism
81
During an annual review Mitchel made the following assertion: "When I look at myself and my performance I see that what I have achieved is outstanding and has, not surprisingly, won me the admiration and envy of most of my colleagues. I notice that everyone keeps talking about me; they are all just waiting to find out what triumph I will pull off next! In short, I don't just deserve a raise, but need one, since without me, let's face it, the place would simply fall apart." Which of the following is probably the best descriptor of Mitchel's personality?
narcissistic
82
Which of the following is not a possible result from hiring Marsha, an applicant with a narcissistic personality?
Marsha is likely to be more productive than her coworkers.
83
How would you describe an individual who is capable of presenting striking contradictions between who they are in public and who they are privately?
high self-monitoring
84
Which of the following terms best describes people who show initiative, take action, and persevere until meaningful change occurs?
proactive personalities
85
Which of the following personality traits is most likely to help achieve career success?
proactive
86
What is the process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment?
perception
87
What are the three classes of factors that influence perception?
factors in the perceiver, factors in the target, and factors in the situation
88
Two people see the same thing at the same time yet interpret it differently. Where do the factors that operate to shape their dissimilar perceptions reside?
the perceivers
89
Which of the following is not a factor in the individual perceiver?
location
90
Which of the following is not true about our perceptions of a target?
Targets are usually looked at in isolation.
91
The time at which an object or event is seen is an example of what type of factor influencing the perceptual process?
context
92
What does consensus refer to in attribution theory?
Different people respond the same way in the same situation.
93
Randy always turns in reports with punctuation errors. The reports of the three other employees on the QA report writing team always produce grammatically clean reports. Randy is about to turn in another report, and his manager has already noticed errors. Randy demonstrates ________. His sloppy reports can be attributed to an ________ cause.
low distinctiveness, low consensus, and high consistency; internal
94
If a person responds the same way over time, attribution theory states that the behavior shows ________.
consistency
95
Janice is late for work each day by about ten minutes. How would attribution theory describe this behavior?
It shows consistency.
96
What term is used for the tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when making judgments about the behavior of others?
fundamental attribution error
97
Your boss never gives you the benefit of the doubt. When you arrived late from lunch, he assumed that you had simply taken too much time. He never considered that the elevators were out and you had to walk up 10 flights of stairs. Your boss is guilty of ________.
fundamental attribution error
98
What term is used for the tendency of an individual to attribute his own successes to internal factors while putting the blame for failures on external factors?
self-serving bias
99
Shortcuts in judging others include all of the following except ________.
self-serving bias
100
What do we call it when we judge someone on the basis of our perception of the group to which he/she belongs?
stereotyping