The results of something are explained.

Information in the passage is organized based on time.

Two or more things are described. Their similarities and differences are discussed

Information is expressed as a hierarchy or in priority.

A problem is described and solution is proposed or explained.

Information is organized in steps or process is explained in the order in which it occurs.

Information is organized in order of space. (top to bottom, left to right) Direction.

is a short or abbreviated version of a longer text (about a quarter of its original length) Purpose of summar

Select major ideas, keywords and phrases, special terms, and interpretations presented in the original text.

Remove unnecessary data or specifics.

Replace long sentences/phrases with shorter ones. Combine several sentences into one.

is a restatement or restructuring of ideas to clarify the meaning of a text. Restatement means you rephrase the original using your own words.

It is a sentence or two that tell/s the reader your topic and what you say about it. e.g Biological needs, social environment, and psychological satisfaction.

is evidence from a text that you can use to illustrate your ideas and support your arguments. All textual evidence should have:

Outline the main and the organization of the essay for the reader.

Introduce the topic, but they do not outline the supporting ideas.

The general subject of the essay.

Your opinion/belief/view/feeling about the topic.

The areas you will focus on to support your idea.

Subjective statements Are based on a Person person’s belief or attitude. you must support it with facts if you wish to express it.

piece of information used as evidence or support an opinion. objective statements of truth