問題一覧
1
methylation is an important process of PTMs because it influences the availability of————for transcription
DNA
2
what’s the meaning of staging
extent of spread of the tumor within the patient
3
non folded aggregated proteins are associated with ——— and misfolded proteins form———
prion diseases,amyloid fibrils
4
People with this disease lack an enzyme that breaks down lipids, causing lipids accumulation in the brain and other parts of the nervous system.
tay sacks disease which is also an example of incomplete dominance
5
solenoid structures are tightly packed————-?
Nucleosomes
6
•——————- assist the ribosome in recognising the stop codon and terminating translation. and an example of it in eukaryotics could be—————
release factor,eRF
7
Extracellular water includes…..
plasma , interstitial water
8
What is the cause of Xeroderma Pigmentosum?
Defect/deficiency in endonuclease enzyme (mutation in at least 9 genes) in nucleotide excision repair mechanism.Defect/deficiency in endonuclease enzyme (mutation in at least 9 genes) in nucleotide excision repair mechanism.
9
primary microcephaly is a brain disorder that is caused by mutation in ………
spindles
10
____is a multi step process by which signal is transmitted through cell leading to an event
signal transduction
11
What is removed during pro-peptide formation in collagen biosynthesis?
The signal peptide on the N-terminal is removed during pro-peptide formation in collagen biosynthesis.
12
in some cases this disease inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Some cases are inherited in X-linked recessive pattern, and some have some have mitochondrial inheritance pattern (maternal inheritance)
leigh syndrome
13
________may be the fastest growing form and have increased rate of mitosis
anaplastic tumors
14
What do enzymes do to bond tropocollagen molecules in collagen biosynthesis?
Enzymes bond tropocollagen molecules to form the collagen fibril in collagen biosynthesis
15
when collagen peptidase remove the loose ends of pro collagen molecule————- is formed
Tripp collagen
16
Why is cancer extremely common in individuals with XP?
XP leads to an inability to repair DNA, increasing the frequency of mutations. Cancer develops once proto-oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes mutate.
17
_________Fibrous proteins that provide the nucleus with mechanical support
nuclear lamina
18
What effect does XP have on DNA when exposed to UV sunlight?
It allows thymine dimers formed upon exposure to UV sunlight to persist and block replication.
19
what are the regulatory expressed genes?
expression of inducible genes increase in response to inducer or activator such as enzymes in catabolic pathways
20
when signal peptide on the N terminal is removed in collagen biosynthesis we get______
pro peptide
21
________ Involves reprogramming of undifferentiated stem cells
metaplasia
22
which post transitional modification process is important in cell cell communication?
glycosylation
23
difference between cell types result from———?
differential Jene expression
24
The checkpoint factor that controls the process of cell differentiation is ———————— which functions is in late G1.
Restriction check points
25
what’s niche?
Adult stem cells that are found in few places in the body like bone marrow and gonads
26
what’s pleiotropy and what could be a disease caused by its defect?
when one gene has a wide affect,marfan’s syndrome
27
——————- is a sequence in eukaryotic mRNA, which plays a major role in the initiation of the translation process.
Kozak sequence
28
at. homologous chromosomes recombination occurs
prophase
29
what type of molecule is cadherin-catenin complex and what’s its function ?
it’s CAM (Cell adhesion molecule) and its function is to join cells together
30
What enzymes remove the “loose ends” of the pro-collagen molecule in collagen biosynthesis?
Collagen peptidases, membrane enzymes, remove the “loose ends” of the pro-collagen molecule in collagen biosynthesis.
31
The difference in percentage of water between cells depends on
metabolic activity and age of the cell
32
what’s a gene?
a nucleotide sequence in a dna molecule
33
what’s a probe
a single stranded polynucleotide of dna and rna
34
serum albumin secretion could be an example of which protein secretion?
constitute secretion
35
what causes zellweger syndrome ?
cells have small or absent peroxisome resulting from faults in transporting their specific enzymes to them from the endoplasmic reticulum