問題一覧
1
1. Fill in the blanks the following sentence: ................ Theory views capitalism primarily as ................
Modern World System: as divided into a core-semi-periphery, and periphery
2
The United States has a comparative advantage over the European Union in the production of commercial aircraft if
The production of airplanes in the US requires sacrifice of other goods than would similar airplane production in the EU.
3
Fill in the blanks in the following sentence: according to Balaam and Dilmann one major contradiction in the raise of China is that it benefits from ......... yet.......?
Globalization: pursues a mercantilist-nationalist ideology.
4
The free trade worked to the advantage of already wealthy and powerful nations and therefore had to be rejected by those wanting to catch-up in an argument associated with the thinking of?
Friedrich List
5
Foreign Direct Investment is
The investment by MNC’s within other countries than where they have their headquarters, either buying up foreign firms or setting up new plants or branches in foreign countries.
6
Which of the following best describes India’s path in term of its development (strategy) since independence?
It has shifted from an import-substitution industrialization to a period of neoliberal market reforms in which it has found a niche in the global service sector.
7
Because of globalization of production and finance TNC’s have an exit option, i.e., it is relatively easy for them to move their production or headquarters to another country. This exit option is said to lead to
Regulatory arbitrage
8
The heterodox liberal perspective within IPE emphasizes:
That the state needs to intervene in important ways to preserve the competitive market and make it work effectively for the majority of people.
9
To solve the ‘’paradox of thrift’’ that Keynes first identified during the Great Depression, which of the following policies would be in line with a Keynesian solution?
Cutting the central interest rate and reducing taxes
10
Orthodox liberals view intellectual property right (IPRs) as:
Necessary for the functioning of the market system, because IPRs incentivize the efficient use of the resources and establish a direct link between effort and reward.
11
To have the market adjust through lower wages would be a response to an economic depression fitting with which perspective?
Orthodox economic liberalism
12
Which of the following is correct?
Neoliberalism is a set of policy ideas inspired by orthodox liberalism that increasingly became dominant from the 1980s.
13
Mercantilist thinkers would fear that offshoring and outsourcing would have which negative consequence for the US?
A weakening of US national security.
14
Which of the following is an historical process involving the violent or coercive stripping of assets from a class in society?
Primitive accumulation
15
Which of the following statements on the role of finance within capitalism is CORRECT?
Orthodox liberals, heterodox liberals and Marxists all agree that capitalists’ markets cannot function property without finance, which performs essential functions for the economy as a whole.
16
With regard to the role of the so-called US supreme crisis that sparked off the global financial crisis which of the following the correct causal chain?
The selling of many mortgages to people with low income during housing bubble →securitization of these mortgages and the spread of these securities throughout global markets→bursting of the housing bubble→subprime mortgages and their derivatives losing value→credit freeze→global banking crisis.
17
Post-war ‘embedded liberalism’ represented a compromise between?
Domestic autonomy and the requirements
18
According to Marx the origin (secret) of capitalist profits lies in?
a. The unequal relations of production in which workers have nothing to sell but their labour power, which is the only source of value.
19
What is the principal reason that the US does not suffer from a ‘’balance of payments constraint’’ like other countries and therefore can get a way with a large trade deficit for much longer?
Because the US dollar is the world’s reserve currency
20
Fill the blanks in this sentence: the predecessor of the..........as the international institution to.............was the..............?
WTO, negotiate trade liberalization: GATT.
21
Export Oriented Industrialization is:
Both an economic strategy that promotes high levels of savings and investments and a state led effort to develop domestic industrialization with the aim of increasing exports.
22
Functionalism is the idea that
If an institution function well, it will remain in place indefinitely.
23
ISI stands for:
Import Substitution Industrialization
24
The MENA countries have relatively low levels of what?
Trade between themselves
25
Why is the Montreal Protocol unique in the history of global environmental governance?
It depoliticized the problem thereby enabling a workable global response.
26
What are some concerns with philanthro-capitalism and the vertical approach to health?
Both ‘’ They make receiving countries dependent on foreign and undependable agents, thereby shifting attention away from homegrown horizontal’’ approaches and ‘’ They are too focused on individual diseases, as opposed to on general health and wellbeing’’.
27
What is not a typical output of the resource curse?
Diversification of the economy.
28
The ‘’Washington Consensus’’ does not include:
Removing emigration restrictions.
29
The World Bank’s data on global poverty and development is considered the gold standard for academic research, but what reason do we have for being cautious about its reliability?
Both ‘’ Many states lack the capacity to collect good/reliable data’’ and ‘’ There is too much variation across countries, making establishing a common denominator for analysis difficult’’.
30
Why has it been argued that the Euro was inevitably headed towards a crisis?
Optimal currency areas require a fiscal union.
31
David Ricardo was one of the intellectual fathers of:
Economic Liberalism
32
European expansion from the 15th century was successively led by:
Portugal, Holland, England
33
Governance at global levels often takes place in so called IGO’s, which of the following row qualifies as a selection of such global governance bodies?
WTO, World Bank, UN, International Monetary Fund
34
Mercantilism
Both a & b are correct
35
In spite of the wide variety of feminist theories, a gender perspective that they would share would be the following:
d. All of the above
36
The Washington Consensus stands for:
The liberal view of the how the global economy should be organised.
37
An ecologist approach to the environment is:
Emphasizing the economy to be a closed system
38
Adam Smith’s theory of absolute advantage explains:
Why nations will profit from specialization in what they produce cheaper than others.
39
Feminization of the labour market refers to:
All of the above.
40
Regional trade agreements:
d. Both a & b are correct
41
Multi-level governance pertains in particular to the case of the European Union because:
The EU has a uniquely strong supranational authority level.
42
Product cycle theory explains:
b. Why RMS chose for production abroad.
43
The just-in-time (JIT) system refers to:
b. The relation between Toyota and its supplies.
44
R2P has been proposed as the new norm of humanitarian intervention at the UN summit in 2005, which key concept of the UN charter and traditional IR does it interfere with?
None of the above
45
The system of fixed exchanges rates refers to:
The correct answer is the combination of a and c.
46
The debt crisis of the 1980s was triggered by:
The rise of US interest rates in 1979-1980.
47
Carbon market are an example of:
Both a and b are correct.
48
What is Taylorism?
a. A scientific management theory aimed at increasing production and control over working time.
49
Raul Prebisch signalled the ‘’term-of-trade’’ problem in Latin America. His work:
b. Provided the rationale for preferential treatment for developing countries.
50
The ‘’Security Dilemma’’ is a central concern of traditional security studies because:
It can be implied that a defensive measure take by a state is interpreted as an offensive measure.
51
What does NOT relate to a key difference between the perspectives of orthodox and heterodox liberals?
The assumption that capitalist market economies are better at producing economic growth and prosperity than non-market systems
52
Which of the following statements is NOT a structuralist argument about imperialism?
All forms of imperialism involve the conquest and the exploitative formal control of foreign lands
53
Marx argued that capitalist markets are:
Characterized by relations of formal equality and formal freedom below which there are relations of deep inequality in the realm of production.
54
The period of the 1940s to the 1970s is an era in which the dominant ideas and policies of advanced capitalist states have been argued to reflect:
Embedded liberalism.
55
According to the theory of comparative advantage, mutually advantageous international trade is based on differences in?
The relative cost of producing a good in different countries
56
What was an important foundation of British hegemony in the 19th century?
The industrial revolution.
57
In the 1980s this financial institution became known as the “lender of last resort.”
The IMF
58
States that run a large trade surplus on the other hand tend to have a:
A deficit on the financial and capital account
59
The Doha Round refers to?
The latest and as yet uncompleted round of global trade talks conducted in the WTO;
60
Of the “stages of growth” model of development, which according to Rostow is the most critical phase?
Take-off
61
During the 1970s global oil market was characterized by a power shift away from:
Western oil multinationals and towards producing countries led by OPEC
62
Which of the following describes the Chinese model of economic development since 1979?
It has followed a steady path of gradually opening its market to FDI, loosening state control of its own economy and pursuing an export-led growth aimed at integration into global capitalism without fully embracing economic liberalism.
63
In terms of International monetary relations Bretton Wood represented a:
A dollar-gold standard
64
The division of labour according to liberals:
Is a natural phenomenon that increases productivity.
65
According to Marxist theory, the superstructure refers to the:
Institutions and culture of the society.
66
Which statements most accurately reflects Dependency Theory?
Economic activity in the richer countries often leads to serious economic problems than in the poorer countries.
67
According to structuralist approach to FDI, transnational production has spread due to:
Capital mobility and the internet.
68
.........and......... share the problem of insecurity:
Liberalism and Realism
69
Form a realist point of view, the collapse of trade during the inter-war period was.........
A backlash of national economies protecting their interests.
70
The balance of power that emerged in the early 19th century was characterised by:
Short-lived and secretive alliances.
71
What does NOT relate to a key difference between the perspectives of orthodox and heterodox liberals?
The assumption that capitalist market economies are better at producing economic growth and prosperity than non-market systems
72
The period of the 1940s to the 1970s is an era in which the dominant ideas and policies of advanced capitalist states have been argued to reflect:
Embedded liberalism.
73
In terms of international monetary relations Bretton Woods represented a:
A dollar-gold standard.
74
According to the theory of comparative advantage, mutually advantageous international trade is based on differences in?
The relative cost of producing a good in different countries
75
In the 1980s this financial institution became known as the “lender of last resort.”
The IMF
76
States that run a large trade surplus on the other hand tend to have a:
A deficit on the financial and capital account
77
Which of the following best describes China’s model of economic development since 1979?
It has followed a steady path of gradually opening its market to FDI, loosening state control of its own economy and pursuing an export-led growth aimed at integration into global capitalism without fully embracing economic liberalism.
78
The Doha Round refers to?
The latest and as yet uncompleted round of global trade talks conducted in the WTO;
79
Of the “stages of growth” model of development, which according to Rostow is the most critical phase?
Take off
80
During the 1970s global oil market was characterized by a power shift away from:
Western oil multinationals and towards producing countries led by OPEC