STERILIZATION AND DISINFECTION

Yves Laure Pimentel · 70問 · 2年前

通報

問題一覧

SPOROCIDAL

STERILIZATION

NON-SPOROCIDAL

DISINFECTION

TISSUE/ BLOOD VESSEL

CRITICAL MATERIALS

MUCOUS MEMBRANE FOR WHAT MATERIALS?

SEMI-CRITICAL MATERIALS

MATERIALS SKIN

NONCRITICAL MATERIALS

Action Sterilant is for what materials?

Critical materials

Action High disinfectant

Semicritical materials

Action intermediate to low-level disinfectant is for what materials?

Noncritical materials

High level disinfectant = _________ SPOROCIDAL/ non-SPOROCIDAL?

SPOROCIDAL

= tuberculocidal l but not sporicidal

Intermediate

what level = not tuberculocidal and sporicidal

Low level

. – these two is for disinfection not sterilization

Pasteurization and boiling

Pasteurization: Batch – _________

63% FOR 30 MINS

Pasteurization: ? – 63% FOR 30 MINS

Batch

Pasteurization: Flash _________

72 DEGREES FOR 15 SECS.

Pasteurization: ? 72 DEGREES FOR 15 SECS.

Flash

Boiling: _________ for 10-15min

100 DEGCREES CELCIUS

Boiling: 100 DEGCREES CELCIUS for

10-15min

: 100 DEGCREES CELCIUS for 10-15min

Boiling

– long wavelength low energy UV light

Non-ionizing radiation

– are chemical agents applied inanimate objects.

Disinfectant

- disinfectant used on living tissue

Antiseptic

-70% ethyl/isopropyl alcohol (non sporicidal)

Alcohol

Alcohol -ex? (non sporicidal)

70% ethyl/isopropyl alcohol

– 2 most EFFECTIVE alcohols

Ethanol and isopropanol

_________% is optimal; EFFECTIVE: EVAPORATE

60-90 %

THESE TWO USES Both antiseptic and disinfectant

FURNITURES AND ELECTRICAL CORD

BEST ANTISEPTIC HALOGEN

iodine

Two Forms OF HALOGEN

Tincture and Iodophore

TINCTURE:

IODINE + ALCOHOL

: IODINE + ALCOHOL

TINCTURE

: IODINE + BLEACH/SURFACTANT

IODOPHORE

IODOPHORE:

IODINE + BLEACH/SURFACTANT

- iodine and alcohol (1 to 2 min contact time)

Betadine

- iodine and alcohol (1 to 2 min contact time)

Betadine

- iodine and alcohol (1 to 2 min contact time)

Betadine

- iodine and alcohol (1 to 2 min contact time)

Betadine

- iodine and alcohol (1 to 2 min contact time)

Betadine

Betadine- ? (1 to 2 min contact time)

iodine and alcohol

Betadine- iodine and alcohol (? contact time)

1 to 2 min

antiseptic technique for blood culture:

Alcohol --> Betadine --> Alcohol

Chlorine – _________and most commonly used disinfectant

OLDEST

– OLDEST and most commonly used disinfectant

Chlorine

most common use is disinfection of WATER

Chlorine

– BEST DISENFECTANT

Sodium Hypochlorite

Sodium Hypochlorite RATIO

1:5-1:10

Sodium Hypochlorite CDC RECOMMENDED RATIO

1:10

For disinfecting lab SINK

Sodium Hypochlorite

Heavy metal – (2)

copper and merthiolate

(1% eye drop solution)

Silver nitrate

FOR GONOCOCCAL CONJUCTIVITIS

Silver nitrate

SLOW BACTERICIDAL

Heavy metal – copper and merthiolate

inactivated by blood

QUATS (Quarternary ammonium compd.

reduced by hard water and soap

QUATS (Quarternary ammonium compd.

RESISTANT TO QUATZ AND BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE

P.aeruginosa

P.aeruginosa RESISTANT TO

QUATZ AND BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE

STANDARD disinfectant

Phenol

used in stable and biodegradable. Active in the presence of organic material

Phenol

– Topical antiseptic. Rapid inactivation of LIPID VIRUS

Chlorhexidine Gluconate

severe skin infection (skin irritant)

Chlorhexidine Gluconate

Persistence – major attribute STAYS FOR 6 HOURS

Chlorhexidine Gluconate

–assoc. to severe toxic effect -> death

Hexachlorophene

: great at MTB but poor in Fungi -Overuse leads to CROSS-RESISTANCE OR CORESISTANCE TO OTHER ANTIMICROBIALS

Triclosan

-destruction of all forms of life

STERILIZATION

-most common method used for the elimination of microorganisms

Heat

Moist Heat – Most effective method (autoclaveat?:

121 @15 psi for 15 mins

– Most effective method (autoclaveat?: 121 @15 psi for 15 mins

Moist Heat

Moist Heat – Most effective method (autoclaveat: 121 @15 psi for 15 mins) Biologic indicator :

B.stearothermophilus

Shorter time than dry heat sterilization

Moist Heat

Method of Choice for HEAT-_________ Objects

STABLE

Dry heat a. Temp:

160 – 180C for 1 ½ to 2 hours

Dry heat a. Temp: 160 – 180C for 1 ½ to 2 hours b. Biologic indicator:

B. SUBTILIS VAN NIGER

For Heat Stable substances THAT ARE COVERED BY OIL WHICH CANNOT PENETRATE BY WATER

DRY HEAT

a. Temp: 160 – 180C for 1 ½ to 2 hours b. Biologic indicator:

Dry heat B. Subtilis Van Niger

– alternate heating

Fractional

Tyndallization:

100oC for 30 min for 3 days

: 100oC for 30 min for 3 days

Tyndallization

Tyndallization: 100oC for 30 min for 3 days i. Day 1: ii. Day 2: iii. Day 3:

VEGETATIVE SPORES DESTROY SPORES DESTROY REMAINING CELLS

Day ?: VEGETATIVE SPORES

DAY 1

Day ?: DESTROY SPORES

DAY 2

Day ?: DESTROY REMAINING CELLS

DAY 3

- for culture media w/PROTEIN

InsPissation

Inspissation TEMP

75-80o CELSIUS 2 HOURS FOR 3 DAYS

TEMP 75-80o CELSIUS 2 HOURS FOR 3 DAYS

Inspissation

Incineration – most common method for treating infection_________.

WASTE

– most common method for treating infection WASTE.

Incineration

SAFEST method to ensure no infective materials remain.

Incineration

– plastic syringes, catheter or gloves. Short wavelength, high energy gamma rays

Ionizing radiation

Ionizing radiation . Biologic indicator:

B.pumilus

sterilization of disposable supplies such as syringes, catheters, and gloves

Ionizing radiation

– for culture media that cannot be heated;

Filtration

BEST STERILIXATION METHOD FOR ANTIBIOTIC / VACCINATION

Filtration

. Filtration – for culture media that cannot be heated; a. Liquid: used

Cellulose acetate or Cellulose nitrate

_________ - um (microliter) used for Most bacteria, yeasts, and molds but not Pseudomonas-like or

0.45 & 0.8O um

_________- size for parenteral solutions

0.22 um

Air: HEPA (high-efficiency particulate air) Filter: removes org. _________

> .03

Air:? Filter: removes org. > .03

HEPA (high-efficiency particulate air)

other names parasitology

other names parasitology

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CSF 1

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CSF 2

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SEMEN 1

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SEMEN 2

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SYNOVIAL FLUID 1

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SYNOVIAL FLUID 2

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SEROUS FLUID

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PLEURAL FLUID

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PERICARDIAL FLUID

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PERITONEAL FLUID/ ASCITIC FLUID

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AMNIOTIC FLUID

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FECALYSIS

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OTHER BODY FLUIDS

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MTLBE- SUHO NOTES

MTLBE- SUHO NOTES

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MTLBE..

MTLBE..

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CC- CHROMATOGRAPHY

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CC-OSMOMETRY

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CC-ELECTROCHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES

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CC- CARBOHYDRATES

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CC- DIABETES MELLITUS

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MAJOR LIPOPROTEINS

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MINOR LIPOPROTEINS

MINOR LIPOPROTEINS

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PROTEINS

PROTEINS

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PLASMA PROTEINS 1

PLASMA PROTEINS 1

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PLASMA PROTEINS 2 (ALPHA 2 REGION)

PLASMA PROTEINS 2 (ALPHA 2 REGION)

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MISCELLANEOUS PROTEINS

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Liver Function Test 1

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Liver Function Test 2

Liver Function Test 2

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TUMOR MARKERS

TUMOR MARKERS

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KIDNEY FUNCTION TESTS - NON PROTEIN NITROGEN & CREATININE

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GLYCOGEN STORAGE DISEASES

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LIPID STORAGE DISEASES

LIPID STORAGE DISEASES

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PROTEINS

PROTEINS

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QUICK FIRE- ELECTRODES

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ELECTROLYTES

ELECTROLYTES

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DRUGS

DRUGS

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TOXIC AGENTS:

TOXIC AGENTS:

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HEMATOLOGY 1 (HEMATOPOIESIS 1)

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HEMATOLOGY (HEMATOPOIESIS 2)

HEMATOLOGY (HEMATOPOIESIS 2)

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hema diseases

hema diseases

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AML

AML

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GLOBIN SYNTHESIS

GLOBIN SYNTHESIS

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HEMATOLOGY REFERENCE RANGES

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DISORDERS OF PRIMARY HEMOSTASIS

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PLATELET DISORDERS

PLATELET DISORDERS

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CHARACTERISTICS OF CLOTTING FACTORS

CHARACTERISTICS OF CLOTTING FACTORS

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4. CLASSIFICATION OF MACROPHAGE

4. CLASSIFICATION OF MACROPHAGE

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3. NATURAL OR INNATE IMMUNITY

3. NATURAL OR INNATE IMMUNITY

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5. INTERNAL DEFENSE:SOLUBLE FACTORS (ACUTE PHASE REACTANTS)

5. INTERNAL DEFENSE:SOLUBLE FACTORS (ACUTE PHASE REACTANTS)

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6. PHAGOCYTOSIS Chemotaxis

6. PHAGOCYTOSIS Chemotaxis

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8. NATURE OF ANTIGEN

8. NATURE OF ANTIGEN

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9. MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX/HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN

9. MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX/HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN

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1. HISTORY

1. HISTORY

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2. TYPES OF IMMUNITY

2. TYPES OF IMMUNITY

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7. PHAGOCYTOSIS Engulfment and Digestion

7. PHAGOCYTOSIS Engulfment and Digestion

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8. PHAGOCYTOSIS EXOCYTOSIS

8. PHAGOCYTOSIS EXOCYTOSIS

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10. DISEASE ASSOCIATED TO HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN (henry)

10. DISEASE ASSOCIATED TO HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN (henry)

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11. TRANSPLANTATION IMMUNOLOGY

11. TRANSPLANTATION IMMUNOLOGY

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2. LYMPHOID ORGANS

2. LYMPHOID ORGANS

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3. CLUSTER OF DIFFERENTIATION

3. CLUSTER OF DIFFERENTIATION

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4. T-CELL DIFFERENTIATION

4. T-CELL DIFFERENTIATION

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5. T CELL IMMUNODEFICIENCIES

5. T CELL IMMUNODEFICIENCIES

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6. STAGES IN B-CELL DIFFERENTIATION  PROPIMAP

6. STAGES IN B-CELL DIFFERENTIATION  PROPIMAP

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7. B CELL IMMUNODEFICIENCIES

7. B CELL IMMUNODEFICIENCIES

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8. COMBINED T CELL AND B CELL DEFICIENCIES

8. COMBINED T CELL AND B CELL DEFICIENCIES

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9. COMPARISON OF T AND B CELLS

9. COMPARISON OF T AND B CELLS

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10. LABORATORY IDENTIFICATION OF LYMPHOCYTES

10. LABORATORY IDENTIFICATION OF LYMPHOCYTES

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11. NATURAL KILLER CELLS OR THIRD POPULATION CELL

11. NATURAL KILLER CELLS OR THIRD POPULATION CELL

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12. ANTIBODY

12. ANTIBODY

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13. TYPES OF ANTIBODIES

13. TYPES OF ANTIBODIES

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14. MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES

14. MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES

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1. INTERLEUKINS

1. INTERLEUKINS

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2. INTERFERONS

2. INTERFERONS

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3. CYTOKINES IN THE INNATE AND ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY

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4. COMPLEMENT SYSTEM

4. COMPLEMENT SYSTEM

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15. COMPLEMENT SYSTEM

15. COMPLEMENT SYSTEM

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16. SYSTEM CONTROLS/COMPLEMENT REGULATION

16. SYSTEM CONTROLS/COMPLEMENT REGULATION

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17. COMPLEMENT AND DISEASE STATES

17. COMPLEMENT AND DISEASE STATES

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18. IMMUNOLOGIC ASSAYS OF INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS (CLASSICAL)

18. IMMUNOLOGIC ASSAYS OF INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS (CLASSICAL)

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19. CYTOKINES

19. CYTOKINES

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20. INTERLEUKINS

20. INTERLEUKINS

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21. INTERFERONS, TNF, TGF, CHEMOKINE

21. INTERFERONS, TNF, TGF, CHEMOKINE

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1. SERO

1. SERO

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2. PRECIPITATION

2. PRECIPITATION

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3. PASSIVE IMMUNODIFFUSION

3. PASSIVE IMMUNODIFFUSION

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4. OUCHTERLONY

4. OUCHTERLONY

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5. ELECTROPHORETIC TECHNIQUE

5. ELECTROPHORETIC TECHNIQUE

9問 • 2年前

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6. IMMUNOELECTROPHORESIS (DOUBLE DIFFUSION)

6. IMMUNOELECTROPHORESIS (DOUBLE DIFFUSION)

11問 • 2年前

Yves Laure Pimentel · 29問 · 2年前

7. IMMUNOFIXATION ELECTROPHORESIS

7. IMMUNOFIXATION ELECTROPHORESIS

29問 • 2年前