Done before instruction

The results of which are communicated to students, parents, and other stakeholders for decision-making.

Diagnoses learning difficulties during instruction

Reinforces successful learning

Assesses students' achievement at the end of instruction

Searches for the underlying causes of students' learning problems that do not respond to first aid treatment

Done after instruction

Certifies what the students know and can do

Determines mastery of prerequisite skills.

Determines students persistent difficulties

is used to aid learning

Assesses the needs of the learners to have basis in planning for a relevant instruction.

Teachers use this assessment to know what their students are bringing into the learning situation and use this as a starting point for instruction

This is done for teachers to understand and perform well their role of assessing for and of learning.

A powerful factor that could pave the way for educational reforms

Identifies specific learning errors that are in need of correction

Assessment of learning aka

The results of this assessment place students in specific learning groups to facilitate teaching and learning.

Tells us how well the students did at the end of a unit or task.

Defines learners' entry behavior

The results of this assessment are communicated clearly and promptly to the students for them to know their strength and weaknesses and the progress of their learning

Requires teachers to undergo training on how to assess learning and be equipped with the competencies needed in performing their work as assessors.

Determines students recurring difficulties

The information from assessment of learning is usually expressed as marks or letter grades.

Certifies what the students know and can do and the level of their proficiency or competency.

Provides continuous and immediate feedback to both the students and teachers concerning learning success and failure or as to how well the material is being taught and learned

Determines the knowledge and skills a student possesses which are necessary at the beginning of the instruction in a given subject area.

Usually done during instruction

It is assessment where teachers continuously monitor the students' level of attainment of the learning objectives.

Tells us how well the student is doing as work progresses.

Determines the extent to which the instructional objectives have been achieved.

Monitors learning progress during instruction

Tells us what the student needs to learn.

Helps formulate a plan for detailed remedial instruction.