問題一覧
1
What is a monomer?
a molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to create a polymer
2
what is a polymer?
large molecules bonding a series of building blocks
3
monomer of carbohydrates?
monosaccharides
4
monomer of a lipid
fatty acids
5
monomer of proteins
amino acids
6
monomers of nucleic acids
nucleotides
7
why do living things need nucleic acid?
storage and expression of genetic information
8
three main parts of a nucleic acid
nitrogenous base, pentose sugar, phosphate
9
what is metabolism mean?
the chemical reaction that changes food to energy.
10
a chemical reaction that involves the loss of water from the reacting molecule or ion. Requires energy!
dehydration synthesis
11
the chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction with water. releases energy!!
hydrolysis
12
why do living things need proteins?
cell shape and inner organization
13
what elements are found in proteins?
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen
14
what are the elements found in nucleic acids?
carbon, hydrogen nitrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus
15
what are the three main types of a nucleotide?
sugar, nitrogen base, phosphate
16
Explain the structural differences between DNA and RNA
DNA is double stranded helix while RNA is a single stranded helix
17
what is an enzyme?
proteins that act like biological catalysts, which increase the chance of a chemical reaction.
18
what is an active site?
a region on an enzyme that binds to a protein or other substance during a reaction
19
what is a substrate
the surface or material on or from which an organism lives, grows, or obtains its nourishment.
20
what factor affects the activity of an enzyme?
temperature.
21
what is endergonic?
is a reaction that requires energy to be driven. —— means "absorbing energy in the form of work." The activation energy for the reaction is typically larger than the overall energy of the —— reaction
22
what is exergonic?
an ——— reaction is a chemical reaction where the change in the free energy is negative. This indicates a spontaneous reaction if the system is closed and initial and final temperatures are the same.
23
what are purines?
a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound that consists of two rings fused together. It is water-soluble.
24
How does DNA control the cell?
DNA sequences
25
What is a gene?
basic physical and functional unit of heredity.