exist in the minds or habits of the members of society

a people’s shared methods of doing and thinking 

a one of a kind possession of man

produced through manmade things

is born and raised in a cultural environment

English anthropologist the first to coin the term ‘culture’ in the eighteenth century

stated that the culture is “that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a members of society” or Interconnected or interdependent to each other

human adapts and integrate himself to his environment (adapt to survive)

as etiquette, protocols, good manners and right conduct, roles, and duties, etc. As established by folkways, mores, and laws.  (Norms)

culture is produced through man-made things

Culture contributes to overall human satisfaction

shared beliefs, values, traditions, language, and norms.

defined as the product of human social processes intended to meet basic needs for survival

group of people; member (setting standards/expectations)

affects decision 

idea

study social phenomenon/behavior

“master of concept” 

2 types of Social sciences

concept – idea sociologist – study social phenomenon/behavior society – “master of concept”  Social sciences soft sciences sociology 

degree quality of facts

social facts

2 types of Factual entity

Society is characterized as establishing a genuinely enormous number of individuals who are living in a similar region, are generally autonomous of individuals outside their territory.

A divinity or God should have the....

degree quality of facts twin concept – social facts Factual entity  social facts social forces * Society is characterized as establishing a genuinely enormous number of individuals who are living in a similar region, are generally autonomous of individuals outside their territory.

All-powerful

All-knowing

Everywhere

social actor (human, agent) agent/human controls society

store data/information (memory)

It argues that society is made possible by cooperation and interdependence

(Function and social order)

The conflict viewpoint considers society to be an arena.

inequality

Society is thought to be socially constructed through human interpretation

(Mutual understanding of meaning symbol)

What makes Society possible? 3 ways that makes society possible

We can compare society to a god. A divinity or God should have the tripartite. Omnipotence – All-powerful Omniscience – All-knowing Omnipresence – Everywhere Society – social actor (human, agent) agent/human controls society Destroy you Make you Library – store data/information (memory) What makes Society possible? Structural Functionalism - It argues that society is made possible by cooperation and interdependence. (Function and social order) Conflict Theory - The conflict viewpoint considers society to be an arena. (Inequality) Symbolic Interactionism - Society is thought to be socially constructed through human interpretation. (Mutual understanding of meaning symbol)

politics

To hold power by the government (Exercise of Political Authority) Activities Action Policies

Decision making (for group of people)

Art & science of government

“man by nature (in born) is a political (power) animal”

man by nature.....

a political ....... animal

structure of power in a government 

In a democracy, power is vested in the hands of the people.

citizens vote on laws and policies directly

citizens elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf

2 types of democracy system

power is concentrated in the hands of a single leader or a small group of individuals. Ex: North Korea

are characterized by an extreme level of control over all aspects of public and private life. (single leader) Ex: Cambodia

single individual (the monarch) holds the highest position of authority, often by hereditary succession.

2 types of monarchy

monarch has significant power

monarch’s powers are limited by a constitution or a parliamentary system

a political system in which religious leaders or religious principles hold significant influence or control over the government.

division of power between central gov. & subnational

the executive branch (the government) is derived from and accountable to the legislature (parliament).

power

 limited power

2 types of parliament system

Equal power 3 branches – president 

power is concentrated in the hands of a small, privileged group or elite.

a theoretical or rare political system in which there is no formal government or authority.

Individual or group of people (grown up/lived)(social and cultures) social, cultural, behavior (change)

Social environment/cultural heritage is influenced by personal identity perspective 

2 types of Social behavior

(1928-1945) – conservative and valuing tradition

(1946-1964) – counter culture/subculture

(1965-1980)  birth of the internet advent of technology parents working (both)

(Millennials) (1981-1996)  age of the internet  valuing – work – life balance

(1997-2012) – comfort with technologies & social media

(2013) – shaped by technologies advancement 

branch of science soft science pure science (biology, chemistry, physics)

2 types of Social science

came from a greek word “anthropose” meaning human being and “logus” meaning study holistic approach 

anthropose

logus

looking at things broadly/kabuoan/as a whole looking at all dimensions of humanity

Concerned in all dimensions of humanity, like evolutionary, biophysical, economic, etc.

biological function of man  race evolution

genetic inheritance, racial classification  human adaptability

cultural and social organization political and economical organization  law and conflict organization

called ethnologist and ethnographers

gathering data through interview or observation Compare and analyze diff. cultures

participant observations

Derived from greek word “ethnos” (people) and “graphein”(writing)

pure description of the culture of people or an ethnic group 

ethnos

graphein

analysis, contrast, and comparison of cultures of people concerned with the dynamics of culture

study of man’s culture and society in past

organic life

man-made materials modified by the past

systematic study of unrecorded languages and unrecorded languages all over the world

deals on how culture affects languages and vice versa