問題一覧
1
types of synovial joint condlyoid
Where movement occurs in two planes in the wrist between ulna and radius and carpals
2
saddle joint
like condyloid joint Put the surface or concave and convex e.g. at the base of the thumb
3
Ball and socket joint
Where movement occurs in three planes , e.g. shoulder and hip joints
4
gliding joints
Allow small movements in all directions
5
circumduction
circle movement of body
6
horizontal flexion
forward movement in horizontal plane (upper body)
7
horizontal extension
backward movement in a horizontal plane (upper body)
8
elevation
lift or not raise joint
9
depression
drop or lower joint
10
lateral flexion
bend sideways with the trunk or neck
11
lateral extension
straighten from sideways bending movement
12
pronation
turn plam down
13
supination
turn palm up
14
prone
face down, supine - face up
15
plantar flexion
pointing toes away from body
16
Dorsi flexion
pull toes into body
17
inversion
sole or foot turns to face inwards
18
eversion
turns to face outward
19
voluntary muscle
striated under conscious control, controlled by somatic, nervous system, found in continuously controlled,skeletal muscles
20
involuntary muscle
visceral or smooth, under unconscious control, controlled by automatic, nervous system, found in structures, not under conscious control like the digestive system
21
cardiac striated
Involuntary under unconscious control, initiated by SA node in the heart
22
muscle is made out of (water)
70%
23
muscle is made out of (protien)
23%
24
muscle is made out of (Minerals and substrates)
7%
25
agonist
prime mover
26
antagonist
opposite muscle that relaxes while prime mover contracts
27
synergist
When performing, an exercise of a muscles may also join in
28
fixator
Muscles Can contract statically to fix parts of the body to maintain a stable position
29
food chopped by teeth
mastication
30
what is the name of the flap that acts as a switch to route food to food oesophagus
epiglottis
31
peristalsis
rhythmical waves of muscle contractions which help push food to stomach
32
Smooth, muscle fibres breakdown, food chunks into liquid called
chyme
33
what breaks down protien into amino acids
pepsin
34
how long does digestion take
5hrs
35
how long is the small intestine
7M
36
cellulose
soluble fibre
37
where is liver located
right of stomach, just to diaphragm and superior to small intestine
38
liver weighs
3lbs
39
gall bladder
posterior to liver
40
lipase
breakdown of fats into fatty acids
41
amylase
break down carbs into glucose/sugar
42
trypsin
Breakdown protein into amino acids
43
insoluble fibre
Cereal, whole-grain, veg, nuts, seeds
44
soulbe
Root veg beans, fruit grains
45
slow twitch muscle fibre (type 1)
Slow oxidate fibres Red in colour Good blood supply Contain large numbers of mitochondria Slower to fagtuie, endurance
46
fast twitch muscle (type llb)
Fast glycolytic fibres White in colour Contain low numbers of mitochondria Strength/anaerobic
47
type lla muscle fibres
Fast oxidate glycolic Pink in colour More mitochondria Assists other types of muscle fibres Fast oxidate glycolic Pink in colour More mitochondria Assists other types of muscle fibres
48
artery's carry
oxygenated blood
49
vien carries
deoxygenated blood
50
pulmonary artery carries
deoxygenated blood
51
arteries have
thicker, smoother muscular walls
52
pulmonary vein carries
oxygenated blood
53
veins have
thinner less muscular walls
54
external intercostal muscle
pulls rib upwards and outwards
55
internal intervostal muscles
pull ribs downward and inward
56
sagital plane
Passes body left to right divides body left to right movements flexion extension walking running benchpress forward lunge bicep curl
57
frontal plane
Passes from side to side at right angles to the sagittal plane divides body and back movements, abductions, abductions side, leg lift, lay raise, jumping jacks.
58
Transerve plane
Any horizontal plane of body, which is parallel to diaphragm divides up apart to lower body movements, rotation, pronation and superation, like oblique, crunches, twisting movements like jab
59
inhaled air - nitrogen
76%
60
inhaled air - oxygen
21%
61
inhaled air - Carbon dioxide
0.04%
62
exhaled air - nitrogen
78%
63
exhaled air - oxygen
16%
64
Carbon dioxide - exhaled air
4%
65
long bones are for
movement
66
short bone is for
move/strength
67
flat bone is used for
muscle attachment
68
long bone
Femur, tibia, Fibula, humerus
69
short bone
Tarsals, carpals
70
irregular
Vertabrae, some facial bones
71
flat bone
Cranium, ilium, sternum, rib cage
72
seasmond
patella
73
compact bone
forms main shaft of bone
74
spongy
cancellous bone found at the end diaphysis
75
red marrow
produces red and white blood cells found within cavity of bone shaft
76
periosteum
hard protective fibrous sheath around bone. contains a rich supply of blood vessels that brings nutrients for bone cells, takes away waste manor
77
epiphyseal
Separate shaft from the ends of bone areas of growing tissue in children the weakest areas of a growth skeleton replaced with solid bone when grown
78
medullary cavity
Contains red and yellow bone marrow
79
hyaline/articular cartilage
Covers top of each epiphysis is tough smooth, helps to reduce friction between bones as well as providing shock absorption
80
capillaries
supplies blood to all parts of bone
81
smooth muscle
Involuntary
82
cardiac
Involuntary
83
voluntary
striated
84
voluntary
somatic nervous system
85
involuntary
automatic nervous system
86
myocardium
heart walls
87
muscle cardium
heart
88
hyper lordosis
exaggerated inward curve of lumbar spine
89
hyper kyphosis
rounding in thoracic spine
90
scoliosis
s shaped spine
91
sensory input
senses changes inside or outside of body
92
interpretation
analyse and interpret incoming information
93
motor output
respond to information by activating the relevant bodily system
94
somatic N S
voluntary
95
automatic
involuntary
96
sympathetic
fight or flight
97
parasympathetic
rest and digest
98
salivary amylase
enzyme in saliva
99
hydrochloic acid
gastric juice realeased by stomach
100
pepsin
enzyme released in stomach for breaking down protien