CHAPTER 4+1 NOT COMPLETE

60問 • 1年前

通報

問題一覧

methods of isolating body substances

Standard Precautions

Anti-infective drugs include what 3 types of drugs?

- Antimicrobial - Antibacterial - Antifungal

infections acquired in the course of medical care

Nosocomial Infections

nosocomial infection that results from a particular treatment or therapeutic procedure

Iatrogenic Infection

a person who enters a health care facility with an infection

Community-acquired infection

called the microorganisms everyone has in their body at all times

Normal flora

infections that are caused by microorganisms that are not normal flora

Exogenous Infections

when a person acquires an infection in the health care setting as a result of an overgrowth of normal flora

Endogenous Nosocomial Infection

The _________ and the _________ are common sites of nosocomial infections

1. Bloodstream 2. Urinary Tract

4 Factors that encourage Nosocomial Infections:

- Environment - Therapeutic Regimen - Equipment - Contamination during medical procedures

8 Factors that increase the potential for Nosocomial Infection (AHNSIPHI)

- Age - Heredity - Nutritional status - Stress - Inadequate rest and exercise - Personal habits - Health history - Inadequate defenses

6 Factors Nosocomial infections are caused by: BFPVEE

- Bacteria - Fungi - Parasites - Viruses - Enzyme - ESBL

the result of the ALTERATION IN THE NUMBER OF FLORA present in the body or result of treatment with a BROAD SPECTRUM ANTIMICROBIAL DRUG

Endogenous Infections

often the result of long-term use of vascular access devices (VADs) and retention urinary catheters. Infectious diseases are caused by both eukaryotic and prokaryotic microorganisms

Nosocomial Infections

4 Microorganisms/Pathogens known to produce diseases are: BFVP

- Bacteria - Fungi - Viruses - Prions

Areas of the human body that are considered sterile: (BBBHV)

brain, blood, bone, heart, vascular system.

colorless, minute, one-celled organisms with a typical nucleus.

Bacteria

___ carries the inherited characteristics of a cell, and ___ constructs cell protein in response to the direction of ___.

DNA RNA DNA

are able to form a highly resistant structure called an _______.

Gram positive bacteria Endospore

Bacteria that survive only in an oxygen environment and are called?

Aerobes

Others that are unable to live in the presence of oxygen and are called?

Anaerobes

eukaryotic microbes and require an aerobic environment to live and reproduce

Fungi

one-celled forms of fungi that reproduce by budding

Yeast

form multicellular colonies and reproduce by spore formation

Mold

diverse group of eukaryotic microorganisms, one-celled or multicellular without specialized tissues, and can live in most environments as long as water is available.

Protist

more complex one-celled microorganisms. They are often parasitic and are able to move from place to place by pseudopod formation, by the action of flagella, or by cilia.

Protozoa

can be simply described as parasitic worms classified as either (flatworms) or (roundworms).

Helminths

minute microorganisms that cannot be visualized under an ordinary microscope. They are the smallest microorganisms known to produce disease in humans.

Viruses

complete infectious particle with a central nucleoid

Virion

The genetic material is protected by a capsid or protein coat that is composed of minute protein units called

Capsomeres

called the when viruses destroy the cell by the rapid release of new viruses.

Lysis

3 Examples of Infectious Diseases

• HIV & AIDS • Viral Hepatitis • Tuberculosis

4 Characteristics of Infectious agents vary in their ability to cause disease: PVIS

- Pathogenicity - Virulence - Invasiveness - Specificity

refers to the causative organism’s ability to cause disease.

Pathogenicity

refers to the causative organism’s ability to grow and multiply with speed.

Virulence

term used to describe the organism’s ability to enter tissues.

Invasiveness

characterizes the organism’s attraction to a particular host

Specificity

A person who transmits disease-causing organisms but has no apparent signs or symptoms of that disease

carrier

made from living microbes, rendered less pathogenic

Attenuated Vaccine

people who are at great risk for acquiring infections.

Immunosuppressed persons

7 METHODS OF ACQUIRING IMMUNITY AAPNNAA

>Acquired Immunity >Active acquired immunity >Passive acquired immunity >Natural acquired immunity >Natural active acquired immunity >Artificial active acquired immunity >Artificial passive acquired immunity

METHODS OF ACQUIRING IMMUNITY _______ _______ (active production of antibodies) ______ _____ _____ (person’s body) ______ ______ ______ (received from another person) _______ _______ _______ (mother’s blood) _____ _____ ______ _______ (particular disease) _______ ______ ______ _______ (vaccination) _______ ______ ______ _______ (immune to susceptible individual)

Acquired Immunity Active acquired immunity Passive acquired immunity Natural acquired immunity Natural active acquired immunity Artificial active acquired immunity Artificial passive acquired immunity

_______ function as antigens and produce diseases called _______ diseases.

>Antibodies >Autoimmune diseases

4 Process of Infection

Incubation Stage: Prodromal Stage: Full Disease Stage: Convalescent Stage:

______ Stage: (dormant) ______ Stage: (symptoms exhibited) ____ _____ Stage: full extent, subclinical symptoms __________ Stage: (symptoms diminish)

- Incubation Stage: (dormant) - Prodromal Stage: (symptoms exhibited) - Full Disease Stage: full extent, subclinical symptoms - Convalescent Stage: (symptoms diminish)

A person whose body does not adequately defend itself against disease

Immunocompromised

diseases that result from alterations in a person’s genetic makeup and are inherited from his or her parents or grandparents.

Hereditary diseases

If Exposure to blood or body fluids is possible, wear 6 samples of PPE like:

gloves masks respirators goggles face shields gowns

term used to describe the removal, by mechanical and chemical processes, of pathogenic microorganisms,

Disinfection

Two types of contact spread of infection

Direct contact Indirect contact

inflammation of the cells of the liver that is initially acute

Viral hepatitis

disease most commonly affects the lungs, but is capable of infecting any part of the body.

Tubercolosis

part of the normal flora in the gastrointestinal tract; however, it is capable of causing disease when it affects blood, urine, or wounds

Enterococcus

______ is the result of bacteria in the bloodstream. _______ is the result of fungi in the bloodstream.

Bacteremia Fungemia

means that microorganisms and their spores have been completely destroyed by means of heat

Surgical asepsis

must not be worn in the workplace. They often harbor infectious microorganisms

Acrylic fingernails

______ must be scrubbed for __ minutes with an antibacterial soap before working with all infants.

Hands 3

The radiographer must never enter a ______ if he or she has, or is suspected of having, an infection of any type.

nursery

4 examples of Transmission Based Precaution

Airborne Infection Isolation Droplet Precaution Contact Precaution Expanded Precaution

3 INFECTION PREVENTION PRACTICES IN HEALTH CARE SETTINGS DHH

Dress in the Workplace Hair Hand Hygiene

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E · 24問 · 2年前

physiology of circulation academic weaponizer

24問 • 2年前

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reproductive academic weaponizer

55問 • 2年前

cells prelim acad weaponizer

E · 24問 · 2年前

cells prelim acad weaponizer

24問 • 2年前

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E · 20問 · 2年前

respiratory/body cavities prelim acad weaponizer

20問 • 2年前

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E · 29問 · 2年前

integumentary prelim acad weaponizer

29問 • 2年前

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E · 33問 · 2年前

skeletal prelim acad weaponizer

33問 • 2年前

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E · 42問 · 2年前

tissue prelim acad weaponizer

42問 • 2年前

membrane prelim acad weaponizer

E · 20問 · 2年前

membrane prelim acad weaponizer

RPC L2

RPC L2

RPC L3

RPC L3

RPC L4

RPC L4

ALE

ALE

RPC L5

RPC L5

RPC M1

RPC M1

RPC M1/2

RPC M1/2

RPC M2

RPC M2

RPC M2.5

RPC M2.5

RPC M3

RPC M3

問題一覧

methods of isolating body substances

Standard Precautions

Anti-infective drugs include what 3 types of drugs?

- Antimicrobial - Antibacterial - Antifungal

infections acquired in the course of medical care

Nosocomial Infections

nosocomial infection that results from a particular treatment or therapeutic procedure

Iatrogenic Infection

a person who enters a health care facility with an infection

Community-acquired infection

called the microorganisms everyone has in their body at all times

Normal flora

infections that are caused by microorganisms that are not normal flora

Exogenous Infections

when a person acquires an infection in the health care setting as a result of an overgrowth of normal flora

Endogenous Nosocomial Infection

The _________ and the _________ are common sites of nosocomial infections

1. Bloodstream 2. Urinary Tract

4 Factors that encourage Nosocomial Infections:

- Environment - Therapeutic Regimen - Equipment - Contamination during medical procedures

8 Factors that increase the potential for Nosocomial Infection (AHNSIPHI)

- Age - Heredity - Nutritional status - Stress - Inadequate rest and exercise - Personal habits - Health history - Inadequate defenses

6 Factors Nosocomial infections are caused by: BFPVEE

- Bacteria - Fungi - Parasites - Viruses - Enzyme - ESBL

the result of the ALTERATION IN THE NUMBER OF FLORA present in the body or result of treatment with a BROAD SPECTRUM ANTIMICROBIAL DRUG

Endogenous Infections

often the result of long-term use of vascular access devices (VADs) and retention urinary catheters. Infectious diseases are caused by both eukaryotic and prokaryotic microorganisms

Nosocomial Infections

4 Microorganisms/Pathogens known to produce diseases are: BFVP

- Bacteria - Fungi - Viruses - Prions

Areas of the human body that are considered sterile: (BBBHV)

brain, blood, bone, heart, vascular system.

colorless, minute, one-celled organisms with a typical nucleus.

Bacteria

___ carries the inherited characteristics of a cell, and ___ constructs cell protein in response to the direction of ___.

DNA RNA DNA

are able to form a highly resistant structure called an _______.

Gram positive bacteria Endospore

Bacteria that survive only in an oxygen environment and are called?

Aerobes

Others that are unable to live in the presence of oxygen and are called?

Anaerobes

eukaryotic microbes and require an aerobic environment to live and reproduce

Fungi

one-celled forms of fungi that reproduce by budding

Yeast

form multicellular colonies and reproduce by spore formation

Mold

diverse group of eukaryotic microorganisms, one-celled or multicellular without specialized tissues, and can live in most environments as long as water is available.

Protist

more complex one-celled microorganisms. They are often parasitic and are able to move from place to place by pseudopod formation, by the action of flagella, or by cilia.

Protozoa

can be simply described as parasitic worms classified as either (flatworms) or (roundworms).

Helminths

minute microorganisms that cannot be visualized under an ordinary microscope. They are the smallest microorganisms known to produce disease in humans.

Viruses

complete infectious particle with a central nucleoid

Virion

The genetic material is protected by a capsid or protein coat that is composed of minute protein units called

Capsomeres

called the when viruses destroy the cell by the rapid release of new viruses.

Lysis

3 Examples of Infectious Diseases

• HIV & AIDS • Viral Hepatitis • Tuberculosis

4 Characteristics of Infectious agents vary in their ability to cause disease: PVIS

- Pathogenicity - Virulence - Invasiveness - Specificity

refers to the causative organism’s ability to cause disease.

Pathogenicity

refers to the causative organism’s ability to grow and multiply with speed.

Virulence

term used to describe the organism’s ability to enter tissues.

Invasiveness

characterizes the organism’s attraction to a particular host

Specificity

A person who transmits disease-causing organisms but has no apparent signs or symptoms of that disease

carrier

made from living microbes, rendered less pathogenic

Attenuated Vaccine

people who are at great risk for acquiring infections.

Immunosuppressed persons

7 METHODS OF ACQUIRING IMMUNITY AAPNNAA

_______ function as antigens and produce diseases called _______ diseases.

>Antibodies >Autoimmune diseases

4 Process of Infection

Incubation Stage: Prodromal Stage: Full Disease Stage: Convalescent Stage:

______ Stage: (dormant) ______ Stage: (symptoms exhibited) ____ _____ Stage: full extent, subclinical symptoms __________ Stage: (symptoms diminish)

- Incubation Stage: (dormant) - Prodromal Stage: (symptoms exhibited) - Full Disease Stage: full extent, subclinical symptoms - Convalescent Stage: (symptoms diminish)

A person whose body does not adequately defend itself against disease

Immunocompromised

diseases that result from alterations in a person’s genetic makeup and are inherited from his or her parents or grandparents.

Hereditary diseases

If Exposure to blood or body fluids is possible, wear 6 samples of PPE like:

gloves masks respirators goggles face shields gowns

term used to describe the removal, by mechanical and chemical processes, of pathogenic microorganisms,

Disinfection

Two types of contact spread of infection

Direct contact Indirect contact

inflammation of the cells of the liver that is initially acute

Viral hepatitis

disease most commonly affects the lungs, but is capable of infecting any part of the body.

Tubercolosis

part of the normal flora in the gastrointestinal tract; however, it is capable of causing disease when it affects blood, urine, or wounds

Enterococcus

______ is the result of bacteria in the bloodstream. _______ is the result of fungi in the bloodstream.

Bacteremia Fungemia

means that microorganisms and their spores have been completely destroyed by means of heat

Surgical asepsis

must not be worn in the workplace. They often harbor infectious microorganisms

Acrylic fingernails

______ must be scrubbed for __ minutes with an antibacterial soap before working with all infants.

Hands 3

The radiographer must never enter a ______ if he or she has, or is suspected of having, an infection of any type.

nursery

4 examples of Transmission Based Precaution

Airborne Infection Isolation Droplet Precaution Contact Precaution Expanded Precaution

3 INFECTION PREVENTION PRACTICES IN HEALTH CARE SETTINGS DHH

Dress in the Workplace Hair Hand Hygiene