I live in Barcelona now, but when I was young I…

Now that computers have been around for so long and everyone has used them for a while, we ...

My parents have had a new TV, they don't know how to use it properly yet so it takes them aa long time to change the channel and turn the volume up and down. I suppose they are …

I've driven on the right for so long now that whenever I go to a country that drive on the left it feels unusual. I suppose that I've lived in Spain for so long that ...

Our daughter speaks English at home, when she starts school she will have to …

When I was young I ....

European drivers find it difficult to ... (drive) on the left when they visit Britain.

See that building there? I ... (go) to school there, but now it's a factory.

I am … milk every day

You must get ... English for long hours.

We decided … a new car

They’ve got some work…

Peter gave up …

He’d like… an aeroplane

I enjoy ... picture postcards.

Do you know what ... if there's a fire in the shop?

Avoid ... silly mistakes.

My parents wanted me ... home at 11 o'clock.

I dream about ... a big house.

I’m hoping… Lisa

"ow" is pronounced differently

Complete the sentence with the correct verb form The room isn't clean. I think we... to the manager

The correct sentence with Complex Object: We watched him ... the guitar

The correct sentence with Complex Subject: The storm ...a large territory.

The correct form of the verb in the sentence: The article … till the evening.

Every time you go online you leave a trail. This is just like a real footprint. It reveals where you"ve been, how long you stayed and what you"ve been doing there. It is advisable to be aware of your digital footprint and to be cautious and sensible when you are online. Six top tips for taking care of your digital footprint. Don"tforget to log off when you leave a website. If you don't, someone can easily pretend to be you! Don"ttell anyone your passwords and don"t write them down in an obvious place. Tell an adult if you come across anything online that makes you upset, anxious or concerned. If you want to post comments online, you don" thave to use your own name. Invent a nickname to use instead. Protect your identity online. Be careful about who you share personal information with and always think twice before sharing details like your email, home address, school or phone number with someone. Think about the future. All kinds of people are interested in your digital footprint. It's now quite common for colleges, universities and employers to check out the online profiles of possible candidates as part of their application process. So, remember: keep safe, don"t put too much personal information online and always think carefully before you post something. Ask yourself, „Would I be happy for absolutely everyone to see this?* 1. The best title for the text A) Don"t worry about your Internet life B) The Internet: don"t worry, be happy C) The Internet is a safe place D) Don"tleave your trail online E) No rule - happy life in the Internet 2. The main idea of the text A) Only children need to think about safety online. B) There is no danger in sharing information online. C) Putting personal information online. D) Follow safety rules being online. E) Don"tthink about rules being online. 3. Ask yourself, Would I be happy for absolutely everyone to see this? Find synonym to the word "happy". A) delighted B) humorous C) hilarious D) advantageous E) worried

Albert Einstein was a German scientist who came up with many discoveries and theories. His most important contribution to the world of science is the Theory of Relativity. The formula he developed explains how energy (E) is related to mass (m). This theory changed the world of science. Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany in March, 1879, but lived most of his childhood in the city of Munich. He had speech problems as a child, and his parents didn't think he was very intelligent. He didn't talk until he was four years old. He didn't read until he was nine. He said he didn't like school but loved reading and learning on his own. Even when he was an adult, he was very disorganized and forgot appointments. Albert was married twice. He had two sons and a daughter. His father owned an electronics shop so Albert learned all about science and electronics from him. He first became interested in science when his father gave him a compass. Because he really loved math, he wanted to study that in school. He finished his education in Switzerland. Later he moved back to Bern, Germany and started his first job as a clerk in the patent office. Albert moved to the United States in 1933 to avoid the Nazis in Germany. Albert was Jewish and the Nazis were persecuting and even killing Jewish people. He became a United States citizen in 1940. His Theory of Relativity changed how scientists observed the world and led to many modern inventions, including nuclear energy and the nuclear bomb.In summary, Albert Einstein is considered the greatest scientist of all time. He was born in Germany but became a United States citizen. He specialized in physics and won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921. His most famous discovery was the Theory of Relativity which led to many inventions, like nuclear energy and the nuclear bomb. 1. Choose an appropriate title to the text A. The theory changed the world of science. B. A lot of discoveries were made by him C. Unraveling the Genius Behind the Theory of Relativity D. Albert Einstein's movement to different cities E. Alber Einstein is a genious person in the world 2. Which of the following is NOT true about Albert Einstein? A) His most famous discovery was the Theory of Relativity B) He loved math C) He was never married D) His first job was in patent office E) His father owned electronics shop 3. Which of the following is the name of the theory explaining how energy is related to mass? A) Theory of Advanced Physics B) Theory of Matter C) Theory of Energy D) Theory of Relativity E) Theory of Physics

Scientists say there as many stars in the sky as there are grains of sand on a beach because there are numerous galaxies in the universe. A galaxy is a group of stars, planets, and other objects in space. Each star spins around a center of high gravity in the same way planets may spin around the Sun in a solar system. Galaxies are huge. They can contain trillions of stars, that is a number with twelve zeroes (1,000,000,000,000). Before the 1900s, scientists and astronomers, people who study space, used to believe that all the stars of the universe were part of one giant group. In 1917, however, Thomas Wright suggested there were many different groups of stars and later on other astronomers proved his theory. The idea of different galaxies was born. Even though galaxies are huge and expansive, there is also a lot of empty space between she disre solori. Bolin it ern scientist estimate at tiere an in 00b is easy to see now why there may be more stars than grains of sand on a beach. They believe there may be clusters of galaxies separated by space as well. Astronomers know the most about the Milky Way Galaxy since it is the galaxy containing the Earth and its Solar System along with the seven other planets, and of course Pluto. The Milky Way is part of a cluster group of about 3,000 other galaxies. It is a spiral-shaped galaxy made up of more than 300 billion (300,000,000,000) stars. The Sun is one star that is located in the Milky Way galaxy. The word galaxy actually comes from a Greek word which means milky.Scientists say there as many stars in the sky as there are grains of sand on a beach because there are numerous galaxies in the universe. A galaxy is a group of stars, planets, and other objects in space. Each star spins around a center of high gravity in the same way planets may spin around the Sun in a solar system. Galaxies are huge. They can contain trillions of stars, that is a number with twelve zeroes (1,000,000,000,000). Before the 1900s, scientists and astronomers, people who study space, used to believe that all the stars of the universe were part of one giant group. In 1917, however, Thomas Wright suggested there were many different groups of stars and later on other astronomers proved his theory. The idea of different galaxies was born. Even though galaxies are huge and expansive, there is also a lot of empty space between she disre solori. Bolin it ern scientist estimate at tiere an in 00b is easy to see now why there may be more stars than grains of sand on a beach. They believe there may be clusters of galaxies separated by space as well. Astronomers know the most about the Milky Way Galaxy since it is the galaxy containing the Earth and its Solar System along with the seven other planets, and of course Pluto. The Milky Way is part of a cluster group of about 3,000 other galaxies. It is a spiral-shaped galaxy made up of more than 300 billion (300,000,000,000) stars. The Sun is one star that is located in the Milky Way galaxy. The word galaxy actually comes from a Greek word which means milky. 1. Which of the following is the term given for people who study space? A. Astraphobia B. Astronomical C. Astronomers D. Astrologers E. Astrophysics 2. Choose the best suitable title to the text A) A Journey Through the Universe B) A galaxy: Group of stars C) Just Another Boring Space Fact D) More Stars Than You Can Count E) Sevel planets in Solar system 3. Which of the following galaxy types is the Milky Way Galaxy? A) Barred B) Elliptical C) Irregular D) Spiral E) Wright Galaxy

When things in nature happen naturally (through processes in nature) that help an organism live and survive, it is called natural selection. Natural selection is a process when the necessary or needed traits (features of living things) of an organism are most likely to reproduce. Natural selection is often referred to as the 'survival of the fittest.' The Earth is billions of years old and there have been many living organisms that have lived and died during those years. Some survived for millions of years, other species died out in a shorter time-period. Evolution is the process of living organisms changing and developing to adapt to their environment. All the species on Earth have evolved and will continue to evolve in the future. If an organism does not change with the environment, the organism will die. The Theory of Evolution and natural selection was first introduced by a naturalist, Charles Darwin. The change that takes place by the organism is at the heart of natural selection. The organism does not purposely or consciously change, but it occurs naturally over a long period of time-based on the needs of the organism. Natural selectionis the central concept of evolution. 1. Which of the options below describes the phenomenon where living organisms undergo changes and evolution to better suit and survive in their surroundings? A. Evolution B. Genetics C. Heredity D. Natural selection E. Revolution 2. Which of the following give an organism a more favorable advantage and more likely will be passed on to an offspring? A) All traits B) Survival traits C) Natural traits D) Favorable traits E) Organic traits 3. The central concept of evolution is which of the following? A) All the above B)Heredity and Genes C)Survaival traits D) Survival of the fittest E) Natural selection

The actors who played the children in the Harry Potter movies are now adults. So how have their early experiences shaped their lives? Daniel Ratcliffe, who played Harry Potter in the eight films, has recently been reading memes featuring him in his famous role and has only just realized that many people considered him cool. At the time, he felt as insecure as anyone that age. The English actor says that although he now has a successful acting career, he always finds the early Harry Potter movies difficult to watch because he admits he wasn't very good at acting. The young actors received coaching in singing and dancing on set, but never any acting training in all the time they were on set, so he feels his early films are very one-dimensional. It wasn't until he met actor Gary Oldman on set in Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban that he began to understand how to approach a role. Daniel says he never particularly wanted an acting career but fell into the job. In fact, in an early interview, Daniel told viewers that he wanted to be a professional wrestler! Rupert Grint, who played Harry's friend Ron Weasley, found being a famous actor very isolating as a child and teenager. Being around adults so much, he felt very strange when returning to his peers to do exams, as he thought he had little in common with them. After filming the fourth film in the series, he even considered quitting the series, as it was "a bit of a drag". Rupert also found being well-known a big sacrifice and even scary. He was instantly recognizable whenever he went out, and people he didn't know took photos of him. The young actor says he disliked being known as Ron Weasley and nothing else. But he has got used to the attention, and, despite these negative aspects, says that the Harry Potter films were an amazing part of his life which he is proud to be a part of. Emma Watson, who played Hermione Granger in the series, always felt a great connection to her character, as both were perfect students and neither were very cool. She admits to having become rather obsessed with her character to the extent that she could not separate her own identity from hers. Watson feels that she has missed out on her own teenage years as she was "being Hermione" all that time. Since the series ended, Emma has been able to focus more on herself. She continued her studies, getting top grades, in case her acting career didn't work out, but has gone on to star in a number of films. No longer seeking blockbuster films, she chooses smaller, high-quality films that mean something to her personally. She has also become a well-respected ambassador for women's rights. Despite her success, Emma has had to undergo a lot of therapy due to her fame. As a teenager, she often felt that her life as Hermione was so "big" that she lost her own identity. She also feels guilty for not enjoying the fame and attention that she has received. However, by focusing on her family and home life, she has managed to form an identity for herself beyond Hermione. 1.thought about leaving the Harry Potter series. a.Daniel Ratcliffe b.Rupert Grint c.Emma Watson d. Hermione Granger e.Ron Weasley 2. Choose an appropriate title to the text: a. Potions, Paparazzi, and Personal Growth: The Cast of Harry Potter Reflects b. Fame, Frustration, and Hermione: Inside the Lives of Young Wizards c. The Post-Potter Paths: Evolving Lives of Harry Potter Stars d. Harry Potter Stars: From Wizards to Wrestlers e. Magical Missteps: The Awkward Adolescence of Harry Potter Actors 3. What aspect of her character did Emma Watson feel a strong connection to during her time portraying Hermione Granger in the Harry Potter series? A) Hermione's magical abilities B) Hermione's friendship with Harry and Ron C) Hermione's academic achievements D) Hermione's bravery in facing danger E) Hermione's love interests

Dating in the 21" century is very different from when Clint was young. Internet dating has changed everything. 'It's difficult now just to walk over to a woman and ask her "Can I buy you a drink?" he says. 'Before, when you met people face to face, there was sometimes a "spark", a feeling of romantic destiny - you don't get that from someone's profile picture.' 1. Dating in the 21" century is very different from when … A) he was a child B) Clint was young C) Charlotte went to school D)Clint went to school E) she was young 2. Choose an appropriate title to the text.... A) "The Evolution of Romance: Tinder Tales and Online Dating Woes" B) From Pickup Lines to Online Profiles: Navigating Love in the Tech Era" C) The Disruption of Traditional Dating Norms D) Seduction Strategies for the Digital Age E) The Influence of Internet Dating on Relationships in the 21st Century 3. Which statement best describes the change in dating in the 21st century, according to the text? A) Internet dating has made it easier to approach someone in person. B) Meeting people face to face is still the most common way to find love. C) The idea of romantic destiny is now associated with online profiles. D) Profile pictures now play a crucial role in establishing a connection. E) Asking someone out for a drink has become the norm in modern dating culture.

Tiffany Wilson is a scambaiter; that is, she spends time communicating with scammers in order to catch them out. Here she tells her story. *I first got into scambaiting when my grandmother got tempted into adopting a puppy. She'd seen some pictures of cute puppies on social media, along with a text saying that they were going to get killed unless someone adopted them. Fortunately, I warned her before it was too late. Scammers attract people with bargain prices, so she didn't lose much. It isn't until later, when people have fallen in love with their puppy, that the scammers start demanding huge amounts of money. We tried to get the money back from the bank, but that wasn't possible. 'I was already familiar with the puppy scam then. We'd learnt about scamming during internet safety classes at school, though I heard about the puppy scam elsewhere. It was mentioned in an online video about the different ways scammers get money out of people. I think my generation knows much more about scamming than older people. It's occasionally mentioned in the kinds of news articles my grandma reads, but people my age who see loads of scambaiting videos have a much better idea of how common scamming is and the tactics that are used. 'Scambaiting involves engaging scammers in conversation. When they ask you to do something, you act a little stupid by asking lots of questions or making mistakes. It's frustrating for them, but they stay on the line patiently because they think they will get money out of you. I don't think you can be a scambaiter unless you are pretty sociable, as you have to talk to people for a long time. Most scambaiters put videos of their calls online, and the popular ones are very funny. 'I scambait first and foremost because I want to help people recognise scams, and although most viewers of my videos are young, I'm sure the content they learn passes on to other family members. It'd be nice if I actually helped to get a scammer arrested, but there are just too many scammers for police to deal with. But as long as I am wasting a scammer's time, that person can't be scamming someone else. I also get a bit of income from the adverts that go out on my videos.'Some scambaiters go too far, though, when creating entertainment by punishing the scammers. I saw one video in which the scambaiter convinced a scammer that he had a well-paid job for him in Lagos. The guy used all his money to travel to the capital of Nigeria, and when he got there, there was nothing for him. For the scambaiter and the viewers, that was all a big joke. For that poor guy in Africa who was trying to earn a living by any means, it was a real situation and it could have been dangerous. T'm aware that scambaiting doesn't promote good international relationships. The most popular of my videos are the ones that make the scammers look foolish, and I'm forever deleting racist comments. I know that a lot of scammers are really poor. They believe that all Westerners are rich and that scamming them does little harm. I've tried to convince scammers to get a more responsible job, but I haven't had any luck yet, as they have few employment opportunities. But I hope the conversations I have with them go some way in helping people understand the lives of people in poor countries and the things they have to do for cash.' 1. Choose an appropriate title to the text A) Inside the World of Scam baiting: One Woman's Quest to Expose Scammers B) International Relationship with the woman about Scammers C) Tiffany Wilson's Journey to Foil Fraudsters D) Tiffany Wilson's Adventures in Scammer Subterfuge E) Conning the Con Artists: Tiffany Wilson's Vigilante Antics 2. How did Tiffany find out about the puppy scam? A) From an internet safety class at school. B) From a video that was made by a scambaiter. C) From an online source. D) From a news article her grandmother read. E)From neighbour 3. What is Tiffany currently trying to do on her videos? A) Make scammers appear foolish. B) To change scammers' perceptions of Westerners. C) Help scammers find other jobs. D) Educate viewers about the lives of scammers. E)Educate scammers

Drought is an increasing problem in our warming world. All continents have been experiencing more extended periods without rain, leading to forest fires and poor crop growth. Consequently, people are looking at cloud seeding to solve the problem. Cloud seeding is a method of encouraging precipitation by distributing small particles of silver iodide into clouds. Cloud-seeding expert Arlen Huggins has been studying its effectiveness. 'My earliest experience was to use cloud seeding to reduce the amount of hail in northeast Colorado. They don't get huge hailstones here, like in the Midwest, but they get it more often. We didn't have any luck with that, but we had success later on in increasing snowfall in Utah. Now, the focus is shifting towards increasing rainfall from summer clouds, which is far more unpredictable. However, it's not during foggy and snowy conditions that people think of increasing the chance of rainfall. It's when a country is hit by drought, and then cloud seeding isn't an option due to the lack of clouds. In warm conditions, only storm clouds can produce rain by seeding, while during drought, skies tend to be clear with a few wispy clouds. The best option to prevent drought is to seed at times of the year when rainfall levels are normal or higher. That way, slightly more rain can be extracted and stored in reservoirs for the dry As cloud seeding is expensive and its effectiveness tenuous, its usefulness is still a matter of opinion. University of Colorado researcher Katja Friedrich says cloud seeding can't end a drought. However, it can be beneficial, provided it occurs alongside other water conservation strategies. Arlen Huggins is of the same mind. Increasing precipitation through cloud seeding would significantly benefit the economy in the large water basin where he works. Still, for that to happen, the water would need to be captured and stored effectively. Another fear is that cloud seeding could potentially steal water from neighbouring areas by encouraging the water in clouds that would otherwise fall somewhere else to fall in your location. According to Maarten Ambaum from the University of Reading, it is possible to use cloud seeding to make rain fall on your farm, which otherwise would fall on your neighbour's farm. It's not the case, though, that if one country uses cloud seeding to create rain, a neighbouring country will lose out because clouds are constantly forming and reforming. 1. Find an appropriate title to the text A) Navigating Solutions and Challenges in the Quest for Precipitation B) Environmental issues of cloud seeding C) The Risks of Cloud Seeding only in neighbouring areas D) Miracle Cure or Environmental Nightmare E) Cloud seeding for rain fall in the farm 2. Both Katja Friedrich and Arlen Huggins agree that cloud seeding... a. costs too much for it to be economically viable. b. is only effective if water is conserved well. c. can help both the economy and the environment. d. has little benefit for preventing droughts. e. can save the world 3. Maarten Ambaam says that stealing rain by cloud seeding... a. is not possible at either a local level or an international level. b. is possible at a local level but not an international level. c. is possible at an international level but not at a local level. d. is possible at both a local level and an international level. e. it is not possible at all2. Both Katja Friedrich and Arlen Huggins agree that cloud seeding... a. costs too much for it to be economically viable. b. is only effective if water is conserved well. c. can help both the economy and the environment. d. has little benefit for preventing droughts. e. can save the world 3. Maarten Ambaam says that stealing rain by cloud seeding... a. is not possible at either a local level or an international level. b. is possible at a local level but not an international level. c. is possible at an international level but not at a local level. d. is possible at both a local level and an international level. e. it is not possible at all

Chongqing is without question one of the biggest cities in the world (32 million people) and has therefore heard special attention. It represents one of the four directly administered cities of the People's Republic of China. The others are Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin. Overall, the municipality - the only one of the four that is inland - is about the size of Austria. Besides Chongqing, it includes several other cities. While the area does not have the largest urbanised area in the world, it does have the largest administrative area in terms of population. Moreover, it is the only city in China that can constantly boast a population of over 30 million. This includes rural areas, which is why the title of the biggest city in the world can be doubted. Shanghai, Beijing, and Shenzhen have larger urban populations, but as an urban community, Chongqing wins. 1.How many people live in Chongging? A) 30 million people B) 32 million people C) 31 million people D) 33 million people E) 27 million people 2. Choose the appropriate title to the text A) Chongqing is the largest area by population in China B) Shanghai, Beijing, and Shenzhen-urban community C) Beijing is capital of China D) Municipalities of China E) Rural areas of China 3. Name the four directly administered cities of China. A) Chongqing, Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin B) Hon Kong Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin C) Chongging, Beijing, Shanghai, and Hon Kong D) Chongqing, Hon Kong, Shanghai, and Tianjin E) Chongqing, Beijing, Hon-Kong, and Tianjin

According to current estimates, Tokyo could have over 37 million inhabitants, grabbing ultimately the title. In any case, the Japanese metropolis is one of the largest and most influential cities in Asia. The city used to be known as Edo. It developed from a small town and cracked the one-million mark as early as 1720. From 1868, the people called the city Tokyo and it grew even faster than before. In 1900, two million people lived here, and in the 1940s it was already seven million. Today, Tokyo is indispensable not only for the economy but also for tourism. Delhi is home to at least 32 million people, with a large unknown due to the many informal settlements or "slums". The huge Indian city has been inhabited since the 6th century and was the centre of many kingdoms. Today, much of the Indian government is located here. 1. Which city named as the biggest Japanese metropolis? A) Handa B) Tokyo C) Kioto D) Seto E) Hon Kong 2. When Tokyo reached two million people? A) in 1720 B) in 1900 C) in 1868 D) in 1940 E) in 1970 3. Nowadays considerable part of Indian located in Delhi A) administration B) government C) kingdoms D) people E) finance

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According to Candace Helton, operations director at Ringspo, "It's worth noting that 70% of companies have been working on digital transformation before the pandemic hit." But the pandemic tipped their hands, and the resulting change in work cultures around the globe will push even more businesses to accept remote options as the new normal. In this new normal, relationships are different. There are no corner offices in the virtual workplace, no staff rooms, and no cubicles. There are fewer physical reinforcements of hierarchy. And it's oddly humanizing to see the CEO deal with the same interruptions, like kids and barking dogs, that we all experience working from home. 1. Who is Candace Hilton? A) operations director B) operating manager C) Head of department D) Policy maker E) Businessman 2. How many percent % of companies have been working on digital transformation before the pandemic hit? A) 80 B) 90 C) 50 D) 70 E) 40| 3. There are no corner offices in the .. workplace, no staff rooms, and no cubicles. A) virtual B) web C) imaginary D) alleged E) actual

Sam squinted against the sun at the distant dust trail raked up by the car on its way up to the Big House. The horses kicked and flicked their tails at flies, not caring about their owner's first visit in ten months. Sam waited. Mr Carter didn't come out here unless he had to, which was just fine by Sam. The more he kept out of his boss's way, the longer he'd have a job. 1. Find the place where Same came to.... A) the Big House B) the Small House C) the White House D) New York E) LA 2. Choose the appropriate title to the text A) Sam's Strategy for Job Security B) Bad relationship with the boss C) A Tale of Office Politics and Horse Care D) Sam's boss is a jerk E) Shady Deals at the Big House 3. Who stayed away from the boss? A) Mr Carter B) Tom C) Sam D) the horse E) all of the above

Carter came by later while Sam was chopping wood. Carter lifted his hat as if he were ware talkinan his mother: We the tow a pie of papere hisd ik popletey sethe out. 1. Choose an appropriate title to the text A) Carter and Sam's conversation B) The Unexpected Visit C) Sam Gets Wood Chopped by Carter and His Hat D) Wood chopping Mysteries: Carter's Hat Dance and Paper Proposals E) Carter's Hat Tricks and Wood Chopping Conversations 2. What is the likely interpretation of Carter's actions in the given passage? A) Carter's hat movements reflect his deep reverence for tradition and authority. suggesting a level of formality in his interactions. B) Carter's hat gestures indicate his inability to grasp social cues and norms, portraying him as socially awkward. C) Carter's actions demonstrate his adaptability and versatility in different social contexts, blending formality with familiarity. D) Carter's behavior suggests a lack of sincerity and authenticity, as evidenced by his inconsistent gestures and interactions. 3. Mr Carter pulled out a pile of paper from ... A) his front pocket B) his backpack C) his rear pocket D) someone’s bag E)somebody’s wallet

Mr. Carter wiped the sweat from the back of his neck. The damp patches on his shirt drew together like shapes in an atlas. His skin was already turning ruddy in the June sun. Otherwise, he had the indoor tan of a man who made money while other people did the work. 1. Find appropriate title to the text. A) Mr. Carter's June Afternoon B) Mr. Carter's Atlas Shirt and Indoor Tan C) Mr. Carter's Shirt Chronicles D) Atlas Doodles: Mr. Carter's Shirt Chronicles E) Sweat Stains and Tan Lines: Mr. Carter's bad experience 2. What is the primary focus of the description of Mr. Carter? A) His proficiency in outdoor activities. B) His indifference to the summer heat. C) His physical appearance and socioeconomic status. D) His preference for indoor work over outdoor labor. E) His proficiency in indoor activities 3. Mr Carter had the ... of a man who made money while other people did the work. A) work B) house C) skin D) man E) indoor tan

Sam looked at the biggest of the horses, kicking at the ground with its heavy hooves. Could the boy ride? he wondered. There was a whole load of trouble a good rider could get into out here, miles away from anyone. But maybe there was even more trouble for someone who knew nothing about horses and wanted to get away from his father. 1. Sam had a look at the ... A) smallest horses B) show program C) the largest equines D) business project E) newspapers 2. Choose an appropriate title to the text A) The Adventures of a Boy and His Horse B) Sam's Journey to Freedom C) The Horse Whisperer's Dilemma D) The Challenge of the Mighty Steeds E) The Tale of the Troubled Rider 3. There was even more trouble for someone who ... A) some of them B) a businessman C) a lady D) a nurse E) knew nothing about equines

Organized crime syndicates pose a significant challenge to law enforcement agencies worldwide, exerting substantial influence through their engagement in a myriad of illegal endeavors. These criminal networks are involved in a spectrum of illicit activities ranging from drug trafficking and human smuggling to money laundering and extortion. Their operations often transcend borders, operating with impunity across multiple jurisdictions. The consequences of organized crime are profound, extending beyond the purview of law enforcement and permeating various facets of society. The pervasive influence of these criminal enterprises manifests in heightened levels of violence, rampant corruption, and the destabilization of social structures. In communities plagued by organized crime, citizens live under the shadow of fear and intimidation, as criminal elements exert control through coercion and violence. Moreover, the infiltration of legitimate institutions by organized crime syndicates erodes trust in governance and undermines the rule of law. Economic repercussions are also stark, as illicit profits from activities such as drug trafficking distort markets and foster a culture of corruption. Addressing the multifaceted threat posed by organized crime necessitates a coordinated response at both national and international levels. Collaboration among law enforcement agencies across borders is crucial for disrupting the operational networks of criminal syndicates. Additionally, implementing comprehensive strategies that encompass preventive measures, enforcement efforts, and initiatives aimed at dismantling criminal enterprises is imperative. 1. According to the passage, which of the following activities are mentioned as being carried out by organized crime syndicates? a) Legal trade and commerce b) Environmental conservation efforts c) Drug trafficking and human smuggling d) Public health campaigns E) Destabilization of social structures 2. What is one of the consequences of organized crime on society as mentioned in the passage? a) Increased social harmony b) Enhanced economic stability c) Heightened levels of violence d) Strengthened trust in governance E) Decreased the level of damages 3. How does the passage suggest addressing the threat of organized crime? a) By ignoring international cooperation b) Through isolated efforts at the national level c) By implementing comprehensive strategies and international collaboration d) By focusing solely on preventive measures E) By dismantling criminal enterprises

In the age of technology, the proliferation of the internet has brought with it a parallel surge in cybercrime. Cybercriminals adeptly exploit the vulnerabilities present in computer systems, leveraging sophisticated techniques to perpetrate a wide array of illicit activities. From phishing scams aimed at stealing personal information to ransomware attacks targeting businesses and organizations, the digital landscape has become a breeding ground for criminal enterprises. Despite efforts by law enforcement agencies to combat cybercrime, the dynamic and evolving nature of these offenses presents ongoing challenges. Addressing this multifaceted threat requires a multifaceted approach. Heightened cybersecurity measures are imperative to fortify computer systems against potential breaches. This includes the implementation of robust encryption protocols, regular software updates, and the adoption of strong authentication mechanisms. However, bolstering cybersecurity alone is not sufficient to combat the pervasive reach of cybercriminal networks. International cooperation plays a pivotal role in effectively tackling cybercrime on a global scale. Given the borderless nature of the internet, cybercriminals often operate across jurisdictions, making it essential for law enforcement agencies worldwide to collaborate and share intelligence. This collaborative effort facilitates the identification and apprehension of cybercriminals, as well as the disruption of their illicit activities. Moreover, raising awareness among the general public about the risks associated with cybercrime is essential for fostering a culture of cybersecurity. Educating individuals about common cyber threats and best practices for safeguarding personal information can empower them to protect themselves against potential cyber attacks. In essence, combating cybercrime requires a comprehensive strategy that encompasses technological advancements, international cooperation, and public awareness initiatives. 1. According to the passage, what is one of the techniques cybercriminals use to perpetrate illicit activities? a) Traditional burglary b) Social engineering attacks c) Maintaining physical presence d) Attending public events E) robust encryption protocols 2. What is described as a breeding ground for criminal enterprises in the passage? a) Physical marketplaces b) The digital landscape c) Rural communities d) Government institutions E) Local people 3. How does the passage suggest addressing the threat of cybercrime? a) By decreasing international cooperation b) Through individual cybersecurity measures only c) By implementing comprehensive strategies and increasing international cooperation d) By relying solely on law enforcement agencies E) By educating people

In today's interconnected world, the spread of fake news has emerged as a significant societal concern. With the rise of social media platforms and digital communication channels, misinformation and disinformation can propagate rapidly, often without proper scrutiny or verification. False narratives, fabricated stories, and misleading content not only undermine the integrity of information but also have the potential to influence public opinion, shape discourse, and even impact democratic processes. Combatting the proliferation of fake news requires a multifaceted approach. Media literacy education plays a crucial role in empowering individuals to critically evaluate the information they encounter online. Fact-checking initiatives can help verify the accuracy of news stories and debunk false claims. Additionally, responsible journalism practices, such as adhering to ethical standards and providing transparent sourcing, are essential for maintaining trust and credibility in the media. By promoting media literacy, implementing fact-checking measures, and upholding ethical journalism standards, society can work towards mitigating the harmful effects of fake news in the digital age. 1. What is a primary consequence of the spread of fake news? a) Enhanced public trust in media sources b) Undermining the integrity of information c) Strengthening democratic processes d) Promoting critical thinking skills e) promoting media literacy 2. How does fake news impact public opinion? a) By promoting accurate information b) By influencing public perception through false narratives c) By encouraging informed decision-making d) By fostering trust in media sources e) By combatting the proliferation 3. What measures are suggested to combat fake news? a) Increasing the spread of misinformation b) Encouraging blind trust in media sources c) Implementing media literacy education and fact-checking initiatives d) Limiting access to information channels e) Providing transparent sourcing in the media

Fake news poses significant threats to both society and democracy, exerting a corrosive influence on public discourse and societal cohesion. Through the dissemination of false information, malicious actors seek to sow discord, manipulate public opinion, and undermine trust in institutions. In an era characterized by information overload and digital interconnectedness, distinguishing between fact and fiction has become increasingly challenging for consumers of news and information. The consequences of fake news are profound. Not only does it distort public perception and shape narratives based on falsehoods, but it also contributes to the polarization of society. Individuals are often drawn into echo chambers where their beliefs are reinforced, further deepening societal divisions. Moreover, the prevalence of fake news undermines the credibility of legitimate journalism, eroding the foundations of a free and independent press. Addressing the scourge of fake news requires a multifaceted approach. Media organizations must adhere to rigorous fact-checking standards and ethical reporting practices to maintain integrity and credibility. Technology platforms play a crucial role in curbing the spread of fake news by implementing measures to detect and remove false content. Policymakers need to enact regulations that promote transparency and accountability in the dissemination of information online. Furthermore, combating fake news necessitates the cultivation of critical thinking skills and media literacy among the general public. Educating individuals about the techniques used to manipulate information and encouraging skepticism towards sensationalist or misleading headlines is essential. By fostering a culture of informed citizenship, society can become more resilient to the threats posed by fake news. 1. According to the passage, what are some of the consequences of fake news? a) Enhanced public discourse b) Strengthened societal cohesion c) Manipulation of public opinion and erosion of trust in institutions d) Increased trust in media organizations e) Cultivate people's critical thinking 2. In what era is it mentioned that distinguishing between fact and fiction has become increasingly challenging? a) The era of skepticism b) The age of enlightenment c) An era characterized by information overload and digital interconnectedness d) The era of isolation e) The era of transparency 3. What does the passage suggest is necessary to combat fake news? a) Relying solely on media organizations b) Decreasing digital interconnectedness c) Collective efforts from media organizations, technology platforms, policymakers, and individuals emphasizing critical thinking, media literacy, and ethical journalism standards d) Ignoring the importance of critical thinking and media literacy e) Give un education to individuals about the techniques

It is almost impossible to write of the Arts in Australia without mentioning the building that first put the country firmly on the world cultural map - the Sydney Opera House. Completed in 1973 after 14 years ofmuch heated discussion and at a cost of almost £60 million,it is not only the most well-known Australian building in the world but perhapsthemostfamousdesignofanymodernbuildinganywhere. Itsdistinctiveand highlyoriginalshape hasbeen likened to everything from thesailsof a sailing ship to broken eggshells, but few would argue with the claim that the Opera House isa major contribution to world architecture.Set amidst the gracefulsplendourofSydney Harbour,presiding like aqueen overthebustle andbrashness ofamodern city striving toforgea financialreputation ina tough commercialworld,it isa reminder to allAustraliansof theirdeepandabidingloveof allthingscultural. The Opera Housewas designednotby anAustralian but by acelebratedDanish architect, Jorn Utzon, whose design won an international competition in the late 1950s.However, itwasnot,infact,completedto hisoriginal specifications.Plansformuchoftheintended interior design of the building have only recently been discovered.Sadly, the State Government of the day interfered with Utzon's plans because of concerns about the escalating cost,though this was hardly surprising - the building was originally expected tocostonly£5.5 million. Utzonleftthecountrybeforecompletingtheproject andinafit ofangervowednevertoreturn. Theprojectwaseventuallypaidforby aState-runlottery. The size of the interior ofthebuildingwasscaleddownappreciablybyateamofarchitects whosejob it was to finish construction within a restricted budget.Rehearsal rooms and otherfacilities forthe various theatres withinthe complexwere eithermade considerably smaller or cut out altogether, and some artists have complained bitterly about them ever since. But despitethe controversy thatsurrounded itsbirth, theOpera Househasrisenabove the petty squabbling and is now rightfully hailed as a modern architectural masterpiece. The Queenofficially openedthebuildingin 1975 and sincethen, within its curved and twisted walls, audiences of all nationalities have been quick to acclaim the manyworld-classperformancesofstarsfromtheAustralianopera,balletandtheatre. 1. Which is the best title for text? A) A) UtzonQuitsAustralia B) B) AnArchitecturalDisaster C) C) HistoryofaQueen D) D) ADaneinOurLives E) Opera House 2. What is the main point o fthese paragraph? A) A) to describe The Opera House visually B) B) to tell the history of the building C)C) to state where the Opera House is located D) D) to say why the building was built E) E) to tell about allAustraliansof theirabidingloveof allthingscultural 3. Which is(are) the topic sentence(s)of the third paragraph? A) A) sentence number one B) B) sentence number two C)C) the last sentence D) D) the sentence number one and two E) E) sentence three

People of different ages from around the UK emailed us about their sleeping habits: I have a strange habit of falling asleep when I watch the television and it usually happens when I am watching something I am really interested in! The television seems to hypnotise me and I doze off really easily. Then when I go upstairs to bed I find I can't sleep and I usually listen to the radio for hours and hours during the night. Philip, aged 64 I have an eight-month-old baby and a three-year-old so I don't get much sleep at the moment. In fact, I can't remember the last time I had a whole night's sleep. Last night I think I had about five hours, as the baby woke up three times. I work during the day and it can be difficult to stay awake when I haven't slept much. Clare, aged 35 I read in the paper the other day that most children in Britain don't sleep enough. They watch TV until late in the evening and then they are really tired at school. I'm a teacher and sometimes in the classes after lunch the students look as if they are about to fall asleep. They yawn a lot and look quite exhausted! Some people say that maybe school should start later for teenagers. I think they might be right. 1. Choose an appropriate title to the text. A) Insights into UK Sleeping Habits: Perspectives Across Different Ages B) The Influence of Weather on Sleep Quality in the UK C) The Relationship Between Pet Ownership and Sleep Deprivation in the UK D) The Impact of Tea Consumption on UK Sleep Patterns E) An Analysis of UK Television Viewing Preferences 2. What does Philip, aged 64, typically experience when watching television? a) He becomes hyperactive and alert. b) He falls asleep easily, especially when interested. c) He experiences increased concentration and focus. d) He feels restless and unable to relax. e) He could not fall asleep easily 3. What suggestion is proposed regarding school start times for teenagers? a) School should start earlier to increase productivity. b) School should remain at its current start time. c) School should start later to accommodate sleep needs. d) School should implement shorter class periods. E) School should implement longer class periods

What are you and your friends listening to these days? Hip hop, dance, rock, heavy metal, rap, urban, reggae ... individual tastes are very varied amongst British teenagers. If a type of music exists then there's somebody who likes it. But a shopping centre in Birmingham, Ths 1s what appened, hopers and shop ornes compand lo the potce about teenagers behaving badly in the shopping centre. When a new sound system started playing Bach, Mozart and Beethoven, the antisocial behaviour stopped. The young people causing problems had gone! Classical music was clearly not popular with these particular teenagers. 1. ... music helped to solve a problem in a British shopping centre. A) Hip-hop B)Classical C) RnB D) Rock and Roll E)Jazz 2. What kind of music some local teenagers don't like? A)dance B) rock C)heavy D)metal E)classical 3. Whose sound started playing in the shopping centre? A) Adele B)P. Tchaikovsky C)Sting D) Mozart and Beethoven E) LudovicoEinaudi

The X Factor is a British television music competition to find new talented singers. The 'X Factor' of the title refers to the difficult-to-define quality that makes a star. The show began in 2004 and is still popular: X Factor singers perform on a stage in front of the judges and a live audience. After the performance the audience at home can vote by phone for their favourite acts. Many winners then go on to get a UK number-one single. But you don't have to win The X Factor to become famous: One Direction, the massively popular British boy band, competed in 2010 but they didn't win, they came third! 1. X Factor show began in ... and is still popular. A) 2005 B)2006 C)2004 D) 2007 E) 2008 2..... is a British television music competition. A) The X Factor B) American Idol C) The voice D) The music trend E) Name that tune 3...., the most popular British boy band in the UK. A)U2 B) One Direction C) Backstreet boys D) The Killers E) Imagine Dragons

A landslide is a massive downward movement of soil, rock, debris, or other earth material along a slope or hill due to the force of gravity. The movement takes place in several ways such as flowing, falling, spreading, toppling, sliding, etc., or a combination of movements. There can be dry debris movement or water-saturated mud movement. Another kind of landslide is a mudslide, which is a fast-moving landslide usually along a channel or canal. When either occurs, they may cover a small area, uphill to downhill, or travel over several miles from its source. Landslides and mudslides can be extremely powerful and depending on the volume of debris and its speed, it can wipe out houses, move cars, trees, electricity poles, and other structures in its path. Landslides can occur just about anywhere with a hill or slope, although there are some places where the risk may be greater. There are several causes of landslides and depending on the area of the world, one cause may occur more often than another cause. Saturated slopes include intense rainfall, snowmelt, and seepage which may cause saturated land surfaces. The result is flooding Eathauaes, tithuts, ca oer viations cause t Frond to shate and runte weakening the bond of rock leading to landslides, which is the second cause, seismic activity. 1. Which of the following is a fast-moving landslide usually along a channel or cannel? A) creep B) Mudslide C)Toople D) downhill E) Satured slopes 2. Which of the following landslide cause includes intense rainfall, snowmelt, and seepage which may cause saturated land surfaces? A) Landslide B) Satured slopes C) Human activities D) Morphological E) Seismic activity 3. Landslides related to farming, construction, deforestation, and irrigation are usually caused by which of the following? A) Human activities B) Seismic activities C) Natural activities D) Volcanic activities E) All the above