Fefers to an act of participating in unlawful behavior as minors

Refers to a person of tender year

A minor, youth or those who are emancipated by law

Defined as criminal behavior commited by juveniles under the legal age of adulthood

Discussed runaways, children who disowned their parents and sons who cursed their father are severely punished

Approximately two thousand years ago, made distinction between juveniles and adult based on the nation " age of responsibility "

There was no corporal punishment prior to puberty, which was considered to be the age of twelve for females and thirteen for males.

This law resulted in the " twelve tables ", which made it clear that children were criminally responsible for violation of law

The inability to speak

Ther distinction made between adult and juvenile offenders in england at this time are most significant

Were created to consider petitions of those who needed special aid or interverntion

Old english law provided penalties for children

Stated that children of paupers could be involuntary from their parents and apprenticed to others

Provided for involuntary seperation of children from their impoverished parents, and these children were then placed in bondage

In 1704 in Rome, established the Hospital of st. Michaels the first institution for the treatment of juvenile offenders

In 1788 established the first private, seperate institution for youhtful offenders in england

The first man who attempted to find out the process of beginning of the delinquent subculture

Extreme poverty

The first juvenile or family court was established in cook countt illinois

This has been referred as the era of socialized juvenile justice

Stages of delinquency

The child begins with petty lacerny between and sometime during the 12th year

He or she may move on to shoplifting and vandalism and seriousness

At age of 13 there is a substabtial increase in variety and seriousness

At around 15, four or more types of crimes are added

Classification of delinquency

Rejected or abondonment no parents to imitate and become aggresive

Membership in fraternities or group that advocates bad things

Group secretly trained to do illegal activities like marijuana cultivation

Pathway to delinquency

Begins at early age with stubborn behavior. This leads to defiance and then to authority avoidance

Begins with minor, underhanded behavior that leads to property damage

Escalates to aggressive acts begginning with aggression and leading to physical fighting and then violence

Types of delinquent youth

Less identifiable in personality and temperament, essentially a law abiding citizen but happens to be at a wrong place at wrong time

Children whose act ls are manifested by cruel and atrocious acts and conduct for which they feel no remorse

The anti- social behavior of the youth is a direct result of internal conflict and pre - occupation with his own emotion and mood

Refers to and aggressive youth who presents authority of anyone who makes an effort to control his behavior

Different approaches toward delinquency

Views the law breaker as a person whose miscunduct is the result of faulty biology.

It tells us that the offender behaves as she or he does in response to psychological pathology of some kind.

Attributes the variations in delinquency pattern to influence social structures