普通生物學一上111期中考古題

36問 • 2年前

楊雅筑

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Which term most precisely describes the cellular process of breaking down large molecule into smaller ones？

Catabolism (catabolic pathway)

For living organism,which of the following is an important consequence of the first law of thermodynamic？

The organism ultimately must obtain all of the necessary energy for life from its environment

According to the induced fir hypothesis of enzyme catalysis,________.

the binding of the substrate changes the shape of the enzyme’s active site

Increasing the substrate concentration in an enzymatic reaction could overcome which of the following?

competitive inhibition

Which of the following is true when comparing uncatalyzed reaction to the same reaction with catalyst?

The catalyzed reaction will have the same deltaG

The molecule that functions as the reducing agent(electron donor) in a redox or oxidation-reduction reaction _____.

loses electron and loses potential energy

Which following statement of NAD+ is true?

NAD+ can be reduced to NADH in the terms of glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and citric cycle.

Which percentage of substrate-level phosphorylation produce ATP formed in glycolysis?

100

If you were to add one of the 8 citric acid cycle intermediates to the culture medium of yeast growing in the laboratory, what do you think would happen to the rates of ATP and CO2 production?

The rates of ATP production and CO2 production would both increase.

Why is chemiosmotic hypothesis important for understanding cellular metabolism ?

explaining the sequence of electron transport chain

One function of both alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation is to____

oxidize NADH to NAD+

Taxol is an anticanaer drug extracted from the Pacific yew tree. In animal cells, Taxol prevents microtubule deploymerization. Thus, taxol stops mitosis by interfering with which of the following structures or processes?

the mitotic spindle

Which of the following properties is associated with a cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk)?

A Cdk is an enzyme that attaches phosphate groups to other proteins

Which of the following molecules is released by platelets in the vicinity of an injury?

PDGF

The first gap in the cell cycle（G1）corresponds to ______

normal growth and cell function

Which of the following statements best describes the function of alpha factor secreted by yeast cells?

It binds to a cells and stimulates mating between a cells and alpha cells

Which of the following conditions is required for a target organ to respond to a particular hormone?

The target organ must have the receptors that recognize and bind the hormone molecule

Which of the following statements is a key aspect of a G protein signaling pathway?

A G protein bound is active when bound to GTP

The toxin of Vibrio cholerae causes profuse diarrhea because it _____.

modifies a G protein involved in regulating salt and water secretion

At puberty, an adolescent female body changes in both structure and function of several organ systems, primarily under the influence of changing concentration of estrogen and other steroid hormones. How can one hormone, such as estrogen, mediate so many different effects?

Estrogen binds so specific responds inside many kinds of cells, each with different responds

How many molecules of water are required for ploymerization of 22 monomer-long cellulose molecule？

Maltose is a disaccharide that can easily be digested into glucose molecules. Which type of glycosidic linkage connects glucose molecules in maltose？

alpha 1-4

Which of the following statement best describes saturated fat

Contain more hydrogen than unsaturated fat

Misfolding of polypeptides is a serious problem in a cell. Which of the following disease are associated with an accumulation of misfolded polypeptide?

Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s

Which of the following statement describes one major difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes？

eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles,while prokaryotes do not

If homogenized cells are fractionated by differential centrifugation,which of the organelles will require the greatest centrifugation speed to form a pellet at the bottom of the tube?

nuclei

The nuclear lamina is an array of intermediate filaments that line the inner surface of the nuclear membrane. Disassembly of the lamina by chemical treatment would most likely result in which of the following consequence?

a change in the shape of the nucleus

What is the most likely pathway taken by synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell?

RER->Golgi->plasma membrane

If plant cells are grow on media containing radioactively labeled thymine for one generation, radioactively labeled macromolecules will be detected in which of the following？

Nucleus mitochondria and chloroplast

Motor proteins provide for molecular motion in cells by interacting with what types of cellular structures？

components of the cytoskeleton

Cytochalasin D is a drug that prevents actin polymerization. Which of the following processes will be unaffected in cells treated with cytochalasin?

movement of transport vesicles in the cytochalasin

An animal cell that lacks carbohydrates on the external surface of its plasma membrane would likely be impaired in which of the following functions?

cell-cell recognition

Cell membranes have distinct inside and outside faces.Which of following statements is the most plausible explanation for the asymmetrical nature of the two of the membrane?

The two layers of a cell membrane face different environment and carry out different function

Which of the following molecules are the least likely to diffuse through the phospholipid bilayer?

ion

Which of the following situation will happen when you submerge the plant cell into the hypertonic solution?

plasmolysis will shrink the interior of the cell

Which of the following statement best describes a characteristic feature of integral membrane proteins?

They are amphipathic, with at least one hydrophobic region

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楊雅筑 · 100問 · 2年前