ITP FINALS PART 2
問題一覧
1
6- Puberty A time when the child represses sexual thoughts and engages in non sexual activities such as developing social and intellectual skills
Latency Stage
2
Puberty - Adulthood time when the individual has renewed sexual desires that he or she seeks to fulfill through relationships with other people
Genital Stage
3
followers of freud who agreed with some of his theoretical ideas but changed and renovated others to develop their own approaches
Neo - Freudians
4
is a five developmental period each marked by potential conflict between parent and child the conflicts arises as a child seeks pleasure from different erogenous zones by Sigmund Freud
Psychosexual Stages
5
Emphasizes our capacity for personal growth, development of our potential, and freedom to choose our destiny
Humanistic Theories
6
3 Characteristics of Humanistic Theories
Phenomenological Perspective, Self Actualization, Holistic View
7
Is the idea that your perception of the world wether it's accurate or not becomes your reality
Phenomenological Perspective
8
- arranges in ascending order with biological needs at the bottom and personal needs at the top.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
9
Two General Factors of Needs
Deficiency Needs, Growth Needs
10
are physiological needs (food, sleep) and psychological needs (safety, love, esteem) that we try to fulfill if they are not met.
Deficiency Needs
11
are those at the higher levels and include the desire for truth, goodness, beauty, and justice
Growth Needs
12
according to Rogers, is based on our actual experiences and represents how we really see ourselves.
Actual Self
13
according to Rogers, is based on our hopes and wishes and reflects how we would like to see ourselves.
Ideals Self
14
involves showing a person a series of 20 pictures of people in ambiguous situations and asking the person to make up a story about what the people are doing or thinking in each situation.
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
15
is the scientific study of optimal human functioning, focusing on the strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to thrive. It aims to better understand the positive, adaptive, and fulfilling aspects of human life.
Positive Psychology
16
refers to the use of various tools, such as psychological tests or interviews, to measure various characteristics, traits, or abilities in order to understand behaviors and predict future performances or behaviors
Psychological Assessment
17
used to measure observable or overt traits and behaviors as well as unobservable or covert characteristics. Used to identify personality problems and psychological disorders.
Personality Tests
18
which measure our general potential solve problems, think abstractly and profit from experience
Intelligence Tests
19
Measured what is we have learned
Achievement Tests
20
Include Achievement Tests, aptitude test, and intelligence Tests
Ability Tests
21
which measure are potential for learning or acquiring a specific skill
Aptitude Tests
22
includes love, sympathy, warmth, acceptance, and respect, which we crave from family, friends, and people who are important to us.
Positive Regard
23
is the positive regard we receive if we behave in certain acceptable ways, such as living up to or meeting the standards of others.
Conditional Positive Regard
24
- is the warmth, acceptance, and love that other shows you because you are valued as a human being even though you may disappoint people by behaving in ways that are different from their standards or values or the way they think.
Unconditional Positive Regard
25
Basic unit for measuring personality characteristics is the
Trait
26
An approach for analyzing structure of personality by measuring, identifying and classifying similarities and differences in personality characteristics or traits
Trait Theory
27
Divisions of Mind
Id, Ego, Superego
28
Refers to the confidence in your ability to organize and execute a give course of action to solve a problem or accomplish a task
Self - efficacy
29
Is a stable and consistent tendencies in how aan individual adjust to his or her environment according to Allport
Traits
30
Is a relatively stable and enduring tendency to behave in a particular way
Trait
31
Organizes personality traits and describes differences in personality using five categories: Openness, Consciousness, Extraversion, , agreeableness, and neuroticism
FIVE - FACTOR MODEL
32
Refers to the influence of repressed thoughts, desires, impulses on our conscious thoughts and behaviors
Unconscious Motivation
33
We automatically repressed our thoughts because of their disturbing content abd cannot voluntarily access
Unconscious Forces
34
A very radical or dramatic shift in one's personality, beliefs or values in minutes, hours or days
Quantum Personality Change
35
Include our emotional makeup and our biological anf genetic influences
Personal Factors
36
Include our social, political, and cultural influences as we as our particular learning experiences
Environmental Factors
37
Refers to our beliefs about how much control we have over situations or rewards
Locus of Control
38
If we believe that we do notbhave control over situations, rewards or what happens next.
External Locus
39
Response that consists of four components. 1
You interpret some stimulus, 2. You experience a subjective feeling. 3? Physiological responses such as fear or happiness. 4. Observable Behaviors
Emotionsl
40
Says emotions originate in the brain; they are not the result of physiological responses
Cannon - Bard Theory
41
emphasizes how interpretations of situations result in emotional feelings
Cognitive Appraisal Theory
42
Studies the underlying neural bases of mood and emotion
Affective Neuroscience Approach
43
Emphasizes how physiological changes in the body gives rise to emotional feelings
Peripheral Theories of emotion
44
Is usually indicated by smiling and laughing, q mental state that canresult from momentary pleasures
Happiness
45
include several areas of the brain such as the nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area and several neurotransmitters especially dopamine
Reward/Pleasure Center
46
The ability to perceive emotions accurately, tontake feelings into account when readoning
Emotional Intelligence
47
Is changes in sweating of the fingers that accompany emotional experiences and are independent of perspiration under normal temperatures
Galvanic Skin Response
48
Are based on theory rhat if a person tells a lie , he or she qill feel some guilt or fear through the machine called polygraph
Lie Detector ( Polygraph) Test
49
A lie detectoon procedure in which examiner asks two questions elicit little and large emotional response. A person answers Yes or No
Control Question Technique
50
The confidence in your ability to organize qnd execute a give course of action to solve a problem or tasks
Self - efficacy
51
couned by P.T Barnum that refers to method of listing many general traits so that almost everyone who reads horoscope thinks that these traits specifically apply to him or her.
Barnum Principle
52
True- false self- report questionnaire that consist 338 statements describing norml and abnormal behaviors. To measure personality style and adjustment in individuals with mental illness
Minnesota Multiphasic Inventory - 2- RF (MMPI -2)
53
Also called self - report questionnaire that has specific written statements that require individuals to indicate. (I.e. checking if true or false)
Objective Personality Tests
54
Characterized by recurrent and unexpected attacks. The person becomes so worried about having another panic attack that this intense worrying interferes with normal psychological functioning
Panic Disorder
55
Period of intense fear or discomfort or more of the following symptoms prsent: dizziness, shortness of breath, nausea, trembling, sweating
Panic Attack
56
Anxious or threatening feeling that comes when we interpret situation as being more than our psychological resources can adequately handle
Stress
57
Are conditions or events that fives rise to stress
Stressors
58
The thinking and behaviors we engage to kanage stressors
Coping
59
initial, subjective evaluation of situation in which we balance the demands of a potentially stressful situation against our ability to meet these demands
Primary Appraisal
60
A situation that uou have alreadu sustaineed some damage or injury
Harm/ Loss Apraisal
61
Loss of a situation has not happen yet but you determine that it will happen in the near future
Threat Appraisal
62
You have already potential for gain or personal growth but you have to stabilize your physical energy and psychological resources to meet challenging situations
Challenge appraisal
63
Is the feeling you would experience when you must choose between two or more incompatible possibilities or options
Conflict
64
Involves choosing between two situations yhat both have pleasurable consequences
Approach - Approach Conflict
65
Choosing between two situations that both have disagreeable consequences
Avoidance - Avoidance Conflict
66
Involves a single situation that has both pleasurable abd disagreeable aspects
Approach - Avoidance Conflict
67
Which is form of cognitive learning that results from watching and modelling that does not require to perform any observable behaviors
Observational Learning
68
arises when there is an unconscious conflict between the id and superego's desires on how to satisfy a need, with the ego caught in the middle
Anxiety
69
Pleasant and desirable type of stress
Eustress
70
Combination of three personality traits —control, commitment, and challenge that protects us from potential harmful effects
Hardiness
71
Stable personality traits that believes good things will happen
Optimism
72
Believing and expectung
that vad things will happen
Pessimism
73
Impatient, Hostile, Workaholic
Type A Behavior
74
Specifies an individual who feels hungry and hostile most of the time but may or may not express emotions publicly
Type A Behavior
75
Characterized as easy - going , calm, relaxed, and patient
Type B Behavior
76
Chronic Distress Two Emotional States: Negative Affectivity, Social Inhibition
Type D Behavior
77
Coping pattern of doing something about a particular problem. Taking whatever actioj that is needed to resolve the difficulty
Problem - Focused Coping
78
Copping pattern dealing with one's negative feelings. Deals emotional distress and avoiding the situation
Emotion - focused Coping
79
Involves deciding to deal with a potentially stressful situation by usingbone or two different patterns: Emotion - focused Coping, Problem focused Coping
Secondary Appraisal
80
An in - depyh analysis of the thoughts and feelings or behaviors of an individual without much ability to control or manipulate situations or variables
Case study
81
A method for identifying cause and effect relationship by following a set of guidelines that cojtrol, manipulate and measure variables while minimizing the possibility of error and bias
Experiment
82
Autonomic Nervous System consiste of
Parasympathetic Division, Sympathetic Division
83
Causes physiological arousal by increasing geart ratex breathing, blood pressure and secretion of hormones
Sympathetic Division
84
Calms and relaxes the body by decreasing physiological responses and simulating digestion
Parasympathetic Division
85
Also called Working Memory
Short -Term Memory
86
Results when new information enters short term memory and overwrites or pushes out information tha is already there
Interference
87
better recall at the end of body of information
Recency Effect
88
Two Kinds of Effortful Encodung
Maintenance Rehearsal, Elaborative Rehearsal
89
Remembering depends in how information is encoded
Level-of- Processing Theory
90
Is a procedure in which an ecperimenter successively reinforces behaviors that lead up to or approximate the desired behavior
Shaping
91
The goal of this condutioning is to increase and decrease the rate of response that involves shaping
Operant Conditioning
92
The goal of this conditioning that create a new response to a neutral stimulus
Classical Conditioning
93
The response is contingent on the consequences.
Operant Conditioning
94
Emmitted Response. Are shaped to emit the desired response
Operant Conditioning
95
When a neural stimulus becomes the conditioned stimulus
Classical Conditioning
96
The animal's behavior is voluntary
Operant Conditioning
97
An animal learns a predictable relationship between stimuli
Classical Conditioning
98
Engaging with unconditioned stimulus elicits an involuntary reflex response
Classical Conditioning
99
Refers to inherited tendencies or response displayed by newborn animals when they encounter certain stimuli in their environment
Imprinting
100
Called Aha Experience
Insight
INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY
INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY
Althea Fiona Amadeo · 100問 · 2年前INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY
INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY
100問 • 2年前ITP PART 2
ITP PART 2
Althea Fiona Amadeo · 100問 · 2年前ITP PART 2
ITP PART 2
100問 • 2年前UTS
UTS
Althea Fiona Amadeo · 94問 · 2年前UTS
UTS
94問 • 2年前Part III ITP
Part III ITP
Althea Fiona Amadeo · 11問 · 2年前Part III ITP
Part III ITP
11問 • 2年前GEN ZOO LAB
GEN ZOO LAB
Althea Fiona Amadeo · 8問 · 2年前GEN ZOO LAB
GEN ZOO LAB
8問 • 2年前UTS REVIEWER FINALS
UTS REVIEWER FINALS
Althea Fiona Amadeo · 99問 · 2年前UTS REVIEWER FINALS
UTS REVIEWER FINALS
99問 • 2年前LIE
LIE
Althea Fiona Amadeo · 88問 · 2年前LIE
LIE
88問 • 2年前ITP FINALS REVIEWER
ITP FINALS REVIEWER
Althea Fiona Amadeo · 100問 · 2年前ITP FINALS REVIEWER
ITP FINALS REVIEWER
100問 • 2年前ITP FINALS PART 3
ITP FINALS PART 3
Althea Fiona Amadeo · 17問 · 2年前ITP FINALS PART 3
ITP FINALS PART 3
17問 • 2年前UTS FINALS PART 2
UTS FINALS PART 2
Althea Fiona Amadeo · 62問 · 2年前UTS FINALS PART 2
UTS FINALS PART 2
62問 • 2年前STS REVIEWER FINALS
STS REVIEWER FINALS
Althea Fiona Amadeo · 33問 · 2年前STS REVIEWER FINALS
STS REVIEWER FINALS
33問 • 2年前ZOO LAB FINAL REVIEWER: COCKROACH
ZOO LAB FINAL REVIEWER: COCKROACH
Althea Fiona Amadeo · 15問 · 2年前ZOO LAB FINAL REVIEWER: COCKROACH
ZOO LAB FINAL REVIEWER: COCKROACH
15問 • 2年前BOTANY LEC
BOTANY LEC
Althea Fiona Amadeo · 56問 · 1年前BOTANY LEC
BOTANY LEC
56問 • 1年前THEORIES OF PERSONALITY
THEORIES OF PERSONALITY
Althea Fiona Amadeo · 13問 · 1年前THEORIES OF PERSONALITY
THEORIES OF PERSONALITY
13問 • 1年前問題一覧
1
6- Puberty A time when the child represses sexual thoughts and engages in non sexual activities such as developing social and intellectual skills
Latency Stage
2
Puberty - Adulthood time when the individual has renewed sexual desires that he or she seeks to fulfill through relationships with other people
Genital Stage
3
followers of freud who agreed with some of his theoretical ideas but changed and renovated others to develop their own approaches
Neo - Freudians
4
is a five developmental period each marked by potential conflict between parent and child the conflicts arises as a child seeks pleasure from different erogenous zones by Sigmund Freud
Psychosexual Stages
5
Emphasizes our capacity for personal growth, development of our potential, and freedom to choose our destiny
Humanistic Theories
6
3 Characteristics of Humanistic Theories
Phenomenological Perspective, Self Actualization, Holistic View
7
Is the idea that your perception of the world wether it's accurate or not becomes your reality
Phenomenological Perspective
8
- arranges in ascending order with biological needs at the bottom and personal needs at the top.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
9
Two General Factors of Needs
Deficiency Needs, Growth Needs
10
are physiological needs (food, sleep) and psychological needs (safety, love, esteem) that we try to fulfill if they are not met.
Deficiency Needs
11
are those at the higher levels and include the desire for truth, goodness, beauty, and justice
Growth Needs
12
according to Rogers, is based on our actual experiences and represents how we really see ourselves.
Actual Self
13
according to Rogers, is based on our hopes and wishes and reflects how we would like to see ourselves.
Ideals Self
14
involves showing a person a series of 20 pictures of people in ambiguous situations and asking the person to make up a story about what the people are doing or thinking in each situation.
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
15
is the scientific study of optimal human functioning, focusing on the strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to thrive. It aims to better understand the positive, adaptive, and fulfilling aspects of human life.
Positive Psychology
16
refers to the use of various tools, such as psychological tests or interviews, to measure various characteristics, traits, or abilities in order to understand behaviors and predict future performances or behaviors
Psychological Assessment
17
used to measure observable or overt traits and behaviors as well as unobservable or covert characteristics. Used to identify personality problems and psychological disorders.
Personality Tests
18
which measure our general potential solve problems, think abstractly and profit from experience
Intelligence Tests
19
Measured what is we have learned
Achievement Tests
20
Include Achievement Tests, aptitude test, and intelligence Tests
Ability Tests
21
which measure are potential for learning or acquiring a specific skill
Aptitude Tests
22
includes love, sympathy, warmth, acceptance, and respect, which we crave from family, friends, and people who are important to us.
Positive Regard
23
is the positive regard we receive if we behave in certain acceptable ways, such as living up to or meeting the standards of others.
Conditional Positive Regard
24
- is the warmth, acceptance, and love that other shows you because you are valued as a human being even though you may disappoint people by behaving in ways that are different from their standards or values or the way they think.
Unconditional Positive Regard
25
Basic unit for measuring personality characteristics is the
Trait
26
An approach for analyzing structure of personality by measuring, identifying and classifying similarities and differences in personality characteristics or traits
Trait Theory
27
Divisions of Mind
Id, Ego, Superego
28
Refers to the confidence in your ability to organize and execute a give course of action to solve a problem or accomplish a task
Self - efficacy
29
Is a stable and consistent tendencies in how aan individual adjust to his or her environment according to Allport
Traits
30
Is a relatively stable and enduring tendency to behave in a particular way
Trait
31
Organizes personality traits and describes differences in personality using five categories: Openness, Consciousness, Extraversion, , agreeableness, and neuroticism
FIVE - FACTOR MODEL
32
Refers to the influence of repressed thoughts, desires, impulses on our conscious thoughts and behaviors
Unconscious Motivation
33
We automatically repressed our thoughts because of their disturbing content abd cannot voluntarily access
Unconscious Forces
34
A very radical or dramatic shift in one's personality, beliefs or values in minutes, hours or days
Quantum Personality Change
35
Include our emotional makeup and our biological anf genetic influences
Personal Factors
36
Include our social, political, and cultural influences as we as our particular learning experiences
Environmental Factors
37
Refers to our beliefs about how much control we have over situations or rewards
Locus of Control
38
If we believe that we do notbhave control over situations, rewards or what happens next.
External Locus
39
Response that consists of four components. 1
You interpret some stimulus, 2. You experience a subjective feeling. 3? Physiological responses such as fear or happiness. 4. Observable Behaviors
Emotionsl
40
Says emotions originate in the brain; they are not the result of physiological responses
Cannon - Bard Theory
41
emphasizes how interpretations of situations result in emotional feelings
Cognitive Appraisal Theory
42
Studies the underlying neural bases of mood and emotion
Affective Neuroscience Approach
43
Emphasizes how physiological changes in the body gives rise to emotional feelings
Peripheral Theories of emotion
44
Is usually indicated by smiling and laughing, q mental state that canresult from momentary pleasures
Happiness
45
include several areas of the brain such as the nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area and several neurotransmitters especially dopamine
Reward/Pleasure Center
46
The ability to perceive emotions accurately, tontake feelings into account when readoning
Emotional Intelligence
47
Is changes in sweating of the fingers that accompany emotional experiences and are independent of perspiration under normal temperatures
Galvanic Skin Response
48
Are based on theory rhat if a person tells a lie , he or she qill feel some guilt or fear through the machine called polygraph
Lie Detector ( Polygraph) Test
49
A lie detectoon procedure in which examiner asks two questions elicit little and large emotional response. A person answers Yes or No
Control Question Technique
50
The confidence in your ability to organize qnd execute a give course of action to solve a problem or tasks
Self - efficacy
51
couned by P.T Barnum that refers to method of listing many general traits so that almost everyone who reads horoscope thinks that these traits specifically apply to him or her.
Barnum Principle
52
True- false self- report questionnaire that consist 338 statements describing norml and abnormal behaviors. To measure personality style and adjustment in individuals with mental illness
Minnesota Multiphasic Inventory - 2- RF (MMPI -2)
53
Also called self - report questionnaire that has specific written statements that require individuals to indicate. (I.e. checking if true or false)
Objective Personality Tests
54
Characterized by recurrent and unexpected attacks. The person becomes so worried about having another panic attack that this intense worrying interferes with normal psychological functioning
Panic Disorder
55
Period of intense fear or discomfort or more of the following symptoms prsent: dizziness, shortness of breath, nausea, trembling, sweating
Panic Attack
56
Anxious or threatening feeling that comes when we interpret situation as being more than our psychological resources can adequately handle
Stress
57
Are conditions or events that fives rise to stress
Stressors
58
The thinking and behaviors we engage to kanage stressors
Coping
59
initial, subjective evaluation of situation in which we balance the demands of a potentially stressful situation against our ability to meet these demands
Primary Appraisal
60
A situation that uou have alreadu sustaineed some damage or injury
Harm/ Loss Apraisal
61
Loss of a situation has not happen yet but you determine that it will happen in the near future
Threat Appraisal
62
You have already potential for gain or personal growth but you have to stabilize your physical energy and psychological resources to meet challenging situations
Challenge appraisal
63
Is the feeling you would experience when you must choose between two or more incompatible possibilities or options
Conflict
64
Involves choosing between two situations yhat both have pleasurable consequences
Approach - Approach Conflict
65
Choosing between two situations that both have disagreeable consequences
Avoidance - Avoidance Conflict
66
Involves a single situation that has both pleasurable abd disagreeable aspects
Approach - Avoidance Conflict
67
Which is form of cognitive learning that results from watching and modelling that does not require to perform any observable behaviors
Observational Learning
68
arises when there is an unconscious conflict between the id and superego's desires on how to satisfy a need, with the ego caught in the middle
Anxiety
69
Pleasant and desirable type of stress
Eustress
70
Combination of three personality traits —control, commitment, and challenge that protects us from potential harmful effects
Hardiness
71
Stable personality traits that believes good things will happen
Optimism
72
Believing and expectung
that vad things will happen
Pessimism
73
Impatient, Hostile, Workaholic
Type A Behavior
74
Specifies an individual who feels hungry and hostile most of the time but may or may not express emotions publicly
Type A Behavior
75
Characterized as easy - going , calm, relaxed, and patient
Type B Behavior
76
Chronic Distress Two Emotional States: Negative Affectivity, Social Inhibition
Type D Behavior
77
Coping pattern of doing something about a particular problem. Taking whatever actioj that is needed to resolve the difficulty
Problem - Focused Coping
78
Copping pattern dealing with one's negative feelings. Deals emotional distress and avoiding the situation
Emotion - focused Coping
79
Involves deciding to deal with a potentially stressful situation by usingbone or two different patterns: Emotion - focused Coping, Problem focused Coping
Secondary Appraisal
80
An in - depyh analysis of the thoughts and feelings or behaviors of an individual without much ability to control or manipulate situations or variables
Case study
81
A method for identifying cause and effect relationship by following a set of guidelines that cojtrol, manipulate and measure variables while minimizing the possibility of error and bias
Experiment
82
Autonomic Nervous System consiste of
Parasympathetic Division, Sympathetic Division
83
Causes physiological arousal by increasing geart ratex breathing, blood pressure and secretion of hormones
Sympathetic Division
84
Calms and relaxes the body by decreasing physiological responses and simulating digestion
Parasympathetic Division
85
Also called Working Memory
Short -Term Memory
86
Results when new information enters short term memory and overwrites or pushes out information tha is already there
Interference
87
better recall at the end of body of information
Recency Effect
88
Two Kinds of Effortful Encodung
Maintenance Rehearsal, Elaborative Rehearsal
89
Remembering depends in how information is encoded
Level-of- Processing Theory
90
Is a procedure in which an ecperimenter successively reinforces behaviors that lead up to or approximate the desired behavior
Shaping
91
The goal of this condutioning is to increase and decrease the rate of response that involves shaping
Operant Conditioning
92
The goal of this conditioning that create a new response to a neutral stimulus
Classical Conditioning
93
The response is contingent on the consequences.
Operant Conditioning
94
Emmitted Response. Are shaped to emit the desired response
Operant Conditioning
95
When a neural stimulus becomes the conditioned stimulus
Classical Conditioning
96
The animal's behavior is voluntary
Operant Conditioning
97
An animal learns a predictable relationship between stimuli
Classical Conditioning
98
Engaging with unconditioned stimulus elicits an involuntary reflex response
Classical Conditioning
99
Refers to inherited tendencies or response displayed by newborn animals when they encounter certain stimuli in their environment
Imprinting
100
Called Aha Experience
Insight