are the expression of management-approved performance threshold, expectations, and requirements that are to be met so that the employees are eligible for appraisal.

It refers to the logical groupings into manageable sizes of organizational activities that belong together.

is the process of choosing from among the candidates the most suitable person for the current position or the future position.

Function of Management

It refers to the process of integrating departments both horizontally and vertically

means Team Spirit, the management should create unity, cooperation, and team-spirit among the subordinates.

It involves the estimation of manpower in terms of searching, choosing the person and giving the right place.

the measurement & correction of performance activities of subordinates in order to make sure that the enterprise objectives and plans desired to obtain them as being accomplished.

is defined as the movement of an employee from one position to another position at the same pay grade level or similar salary.

It is a process by which a manager guides and influences the work of subordinates in desired direction.

may be defined as the determination of the job to which a selected candidate is to be assigned, and his assignment to the job.

is the price of the services rendered

It implies overseeing the work of subordinates by their superiors. It is the act of watching & directing work & workers

order for people is called

are more focused on how to align and influence people rather than how to assign work to them.

the process of creating structure for the organization that will enable the various players to work together effectively towards its objectives

It is a set of principles relating to the functions of planning, organizing, directing, and controlling, and the applications of these principles in harnessing physical, financial, human and information resources efficiently and effectively to achieve organizational goals.

basic framework of formal relationship among responsibilities, tasks, and people in the organization.

“one head and one plan for a group of activities having the same objective

It defines the reporting lines of individuals and groups in the organizations

the continuous process of making present entrepreneurial decisions systematically and with best possible knowledge of their future, organizing systematically the efforts needed to carry out these decisions and measuring the results of the decisions against the expectations through organized and systematic feedback.

Order for things is called

It refers to the number of subordinates working under one manager.

Characteristics of Planning

defined as the movement of an employee from one position to another position of a higher pay grade or salary.

gives satisfaction to the employees and brings success to the organization

achieve their goals by suing coordinated activities and tactical processes.

on the other hand, are considered as visionaries. They set the pathways to excel organizational growth.

is the formal line of authority, communication, and responsibility within an organization.

the authority is concentrated only in a few hands

set out to achieve organizational goals by implementing processes, such as budgeting, organizational structing, and staffing. Managers’ vision is bound to the implementation strategies, planning, and organizing tasks to reach the objectives set out by leaders.

is a regular review of am employee’s job performance and contribution to a company, Organizations use performance appraisals to determine which employees have contributed the most to the company’s growth, review progress, and reward high-achieving workers.

is the combination of kindness and justice.

It involves inspiring, stimulating or encouraging the subordinates with zeal to work.

also known as Human resource, is the function of hiring and retaining a suitable work-force for both at managerial as well as non-managerial levels.

is a role that frequently refers to a specific job within an organization’s structure,

It implies that each subordinate must have only one manager to report.

is a managerial function which actuates the organizational method to work efficiently to achieve organizational goals.

has a more ambiguous definition

is the process of identifying the sources for prospective candidates to stimulate them to apply for jobs in the organization.

any type of compensation or payment that an individual or employee receive as payment for their services or the work that they do for an organization or company.

Function of Leadership

It is the process of passing information, experience, opinion etc. from one person to another. It is a bridge of understanding.