C5 Orig V1

37問 • 1年前

問題一覧

During radiographic imaging, the radiation exiting the patient is composed of a range of intensities that reflect the ________ characteristic of the anatomic tissues.

Absorption

receives the exit radiation and creates the latent or invisible image.

Image Receptor

Two types of digital IRs typically used in radiography CD

- Computed Radiography - Direct Digital Radiography

Once the latent image is acquired and the raw data are digitized, image processing and display are essentially not the same, regardless of the type of IR. True or False

False

CR IRs can be ____ or ____ in a table or upright x ray unit.

portable, fixed

The Computed Radiography IR includes a cassette that houses the?

Imaging Plate

The radiation exiting the patients interacts with the IP, where the photon intensities are absorbed by the ______

Phosphor

Although some of the absorbed energy is released as _________, a sufficient amount of energy is stored in the phosphor to produce a latent image.

Visible light

emission of light when stimulated by radiation

Luminescence

3 Parts of Imaging Plate (SPP)

- Support layer - Phosphor layer - Protective layer

PHOSPHOR is composed of _________ doped with ________, referred to as the _________ (PSP).

- barium fluorohalide crystals - europium - Photostimulable phosphor

This type of phosphor emits visible light when stimulated by a high-intensity laser beam, a term/phenomenon called

Photostimulable luminescence

Two step process for image acquisition in CR Imaging

- Image capture in the IP - Image readout

The latent image is formed in the PSP when the exit x-ray intensities are absorbed by the phosphor & the europium atoms become ionized by the _________ effect

Photoelectric effect

During CR Image Acquisition, the _______ excites the electrons, and they are elevated to a higher energy state where they become stored or trapped.

Absorbed energy

The number and the distribution of the trapped electrons are _______ to the tissues differential x ray absorption and form the latent

Proportional

During CR Image Acquisition, The trapped electrons remain in this higher energy state until released during the laser beam scanning of the ______.

Readout stage

The _________ (released energy) are extracted from the digital receptor, converted to digital data, and computer processed for image display.

Acquired image data

- should be processed within a relatively short amount of time (WITHIN 1 HOUR) because the latent image dissipates overtime

Exposed IPs

The CR latent image is acquired in the what layer of the IP?

Phosphor layer

Most energy from the exit radiation intensities is stored in the ____ for extraction in the reader unit.

Photostimulable Phosphor

5 Layers of CR Cassette PPRBB

- Protective layer - Photostimulable phosphor - Reflective layer - Base - Backing

- the balance of light and dark shades in a displayed image. - refers to the overall lightness or darkness of an image

Brightness

- what is also called density/intensity settings produce bright images - what produce dark images.

- High brightness - Low settings

- determines how many gray levels are displayed - determines the intensity.

- Contrast - Density

The ______ of the pixels in the display monitor determines the brightness of the digital image

Intensity

- uses similar equipment to conventional except that films are replaced by imaging plates. - can be seen as halfway between film based conventional technology and current direct digital radiography

Computed Radiography

relative difference of intensities in two adjacent regions of an image

Contrast

When referring to Computed Tomography, contrast is defined as a difference in what units?

Hounsfield units

Differences in tissue density, thickness and changes of x-ray spectrum have consequences for the what ?

Image Contrast

Optimized tube current, collimation, pitch and image reconstruction improves the what?

Contrast

produced by increased slice thickness, smaller matrix, large field of view, which results in large voxel size; high mAs to reduce noise; low pass filter

Higher image contrast

have a self-scanning readout mechanism that employs an array of x-ray detectors that receive the exit and convert the varying x ray intensities into proportional electronic signals for digitization.

Digital Radiography IRs

- combines image capture and image readout. - available almost instantly after exposure

Digital Radiography Imaging

are more fragile and much more expensive than CR IRs.

DR IRs

solid-state IRs employing a large area active matrix array of electronic components ranging in size from 43x 35 cm to 43x 43 cm ( 17x14 inches to 17x17 inches).

Flat panel detectors

constructed with layers in order to receive the x ray photons and convert them to electrical charge for storage and readout

Flat Panel Detector

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RPC L2

RPC L2

RPC L3

RPC L3

RPC L4

RPC L4

ALE

ALE

RPC L5

RPC L5

RPC M1

RPC M1

RPC M1/2

RPC M1/2

RPC M2

RPC M2

RPC M2.5

RPC M2.5

RPC M3

RPC M3

問題一覧

During radiographic imaging, the radiation exiting the patient is composed of a range of intensities that reflect the ________ characteristic of the anatomic tissues.

Absorption

receives the exit radiation and creates the latent or invisible image.

Image Receptor

Two types of digital IRs typically used in radiography CD

- Computed Radiography - Direct Digital Radiography

Once the latent image is acquired and the raw data are digitized, image processing and display are essentially not the same, regardless of the type of IR. True or False

False

CR IRs can be ____ or ____ in a table or upright x ray unit.

portable, fixed

The Computed Radiography IR includes a cassette that houses the?

Imaging Plate

The radiation exiting the patients interacts with the IP, where the photon intensities are absorbed by the ______

Phosphor

Although some of the absorbed energy is released as _________, a sufficient amount of energy is stored in the phosphor to produce a latent image.

Visible light

emission of light when stimulated by radiation

Luminescence

3 Parts of Imaging Plate (SPP)

- Support layer - Phosphor layer - Protective layer

PHOSPHOR is composed of _________ doped with ________, referred to as the _________ (PSP).

- barium fluorohalide crystals - europium - Photostimulable phosphor

This type of phosphor emits visible light when stimulated by a high-intensity laser beam, a term/phenomenon called

Photostimulable luminescence

Two step process for image acquisition in CR Imaging

- Image capture in the IP - Image readout

The latent image is formed in the PSP when the exit x-ray intensities are absorbed by the phosphor & the europium atoms become ionized by the _________ effect

Photoelectric effect

During CR Image Acquisition, the _______ excites the electrons, and they are elevated to a higher energy state where they become stored or trapped.

Absorbed energy

The number and the distribution of the trapped electrons are _______ to the tissues differential x ray absorption and form the latent

Proportional

During CR Image Acquisition, The trapped electrons remain in this higher energy state until released during the laser beam scanning of the ______.

Readout stage

The _________ (released energy) are extracted from the digital receptor, converted to digital data, and computer processed for image display.

Acquired image data

- should be processed within a relatively short amount of time (WITHIN 1 HOUR) because the latent image dissipates overtime

Exposed IPs

The CR latent image is acquired in the what layer of the IP?

Phosphor layer

Most energy from the exit radiation intensities is stored in the ____ for extraction in the reader unit.

Photostimulable Phosphor

5 Layers of CR Cassette PPRBB

- Protective layer - Photostimulable phosphor - Reflective layer - Base - Backing

- the balance of light and dark shades in a displayed image. - refers to the overall lightness or darkness of an image

Brightness

- what is also called density/intensity settings produce bright images - what produce dark images.

- High brightness - Low settings

- determines how many gray levels are displayed - determines the intensity.

- Contrast - Density

The ______ of the pixels in the display monitor determines the brightness of the digital image

Intensity

- uses similar equipment to conventional except that films are replaced by imaging plates. - can be seen as halfway between film based conventional technology and current direct digital radiography

Computed Radiography

relative difference of intensities in two adjacent regions of an image

Contrast

When referring to Computed Tomography, contrast is defined as a difference in what units?

Hounsfield units

Differences in tissue density, thickness and changes of x-ray spectrum have consequences for the what ?

Image Contrast

Optimized tube current, collimation, pitch and image reconstruction improves the what?

Contrast

produced by increased slice thickness, smaller matrix, large field of view, which results in large voxel size; high mAs to reduce noise; low pass filter

Higher image contrast

have a self-scanning readout mechanism that employs an array of x-ray detectors that receive the exit and convert the varying x ray intensities into proportional electronic signals for digitization.

Digital Radiography IRs

- combines image capture and image readout. - available almost instantly after exposure

Digital Radiography Imaging

are more fragile and much more expensive than CR IRs.

DR IRs

solid-state IRs employing a large area active matrix array of electronic components ranging in size from 43x 35 cm to 43x 43 cm ( 17x14 inches to 17x17 inches).

Flat panel detectors

constructed with layers in order to receive the x ray photons and convert them to electrical charge for storage and readout

Flat Panel Detector