refers to activities through which people make, preserve, and amend the general rules under which they live. it involves the dynamics of conflict resolution and cooperation, as well as the exercise of power.

refers to the ability to do something in order to achieve a desired outcome. It involves a relationship - there is one who exercise _ and another who is subject to it.

is legitimate power, where in the person who has _ has the right to exercise power.

is any entity that is participating in a political process. Elman Service (1962), a political anthropologist, identified four (4) types of sociopolitical organizations which are identified based on their economic orientation.

It is usually a very small, oftentimes nomadic group that is connected by family ties and is politically independent.

means moving from place to place, usually in search of food, bands are most often made up of hunter-gatherers.

Due to their small size and their tendency to move around, _ usually have little to no formal leadership. When to move and when to stay is usually based on group consensus rather than one governing official calling the shots.

Hunting and gathering are their typical way of life. Experience and ability grants leadership and power.

It is a combination of smaller kin or non-kin groups, linked by a common culture, that usually act as one. Sort of multi-grouped and usually bigger than bands, tribes tend to contain communities that are a bit larger.

Similar to bands, most _ have no formal leadership. Instead, they, too, are egalitarian in nature. relating to or believing in the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities.

relating to or believing in the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities.

A political unit headed by a chief, who holds power over more than one community group. These are usually more densely populated and are not egalitarian but instead have social rank, with the chief and his family holding power.

Since chiefs are usually chosen by heredity, this usually gives his family and their inner circle the reigns to power Many _ practice redistribution, in which goods are accumulated by one central person or power, who then decides how to allocate them among the people.

Many _ believe their chiefs are endowed with mana, a supernatural power that gives the right to rule.

_, a supernatural power that gives the right to rule.

Characterized by a central village or community ruled by a single family. A number of smaller communities surround this smaller community, with each being headed by a subsidiary leader subservient to the central ruler.

Composed of several simple chiefdoms ruled by a single paramount chief residing in a single paramount center. This is a highly structured and hierarchical political system characterized by a class system where the elites demand tributes in the form of agricultural crops and produce from the commoners to a system that is called a tributary system.

A political unit consisting of a government that has sovereignty presiding over a group of people and a well-mane defined territory. A _ is the highest form of political organization. The _ is sovereign because it has the capacity to maintain order within its boundaries.

The _ is sovereign because other _ recognize it as an independent _. People who comprise a _ are called its citizens. political concept

People who comprise a state

Groups of people that share a common history, language, traditions, customs, habits, and ethnicity. Benedict Anderson - _ exist as a state of mind, you can be physically apart from the country by still considering yourself part of the nation (ex, OFWs).

nations exist as a state of mind, you can be physically apart from the country by still considering yourself part of the nation (ex, OFWs).

_ have no political sovereignty; Ethnic concept. A _ consists of a distinct population of people bound together by a common culture, history, and tradition who are typically concentrated within a specific geographic regions.

Ability to be defended with logic or justification; validity. Conformity to the law or to rules.

The power or right to give orders, make decisions, and enforce obedience. A person or organization having power or control in a particular, typically political or administrative, sphere.

_ (1962), a political anthropologist, identified four (4) types of sociopolitical organizations which are identified based on their economic orientation.

4 types of sociopolitical organizations

in which goods are accumulated by one central person or power, who then decides how to allocate them among the people.

where the elites demand tributes in the form of agricultural crops and produce from the commoners to a system that is called a