All the influences and conditions in which organisms live, including the actual place, circumstances, soil, water, air, and climate that surround and affect plants and animals in a particular area, and which determine their form and survival

The ability of ecosystems to bear the impact of the human population over a long period of time, through the replacement of resources and the recycling of waste.

An animal that does not have a backbone or spinal column. Examples of invertebrates include insects, worms, and crabs.

An adaptation of an organism's colour to help it survive in its environment. Mimicry and camouflage are examples of colouration

A green pigment found in chloroplasts that gives plants green colour. It captures sunlight used for photosynthesis

A fundamental concept in ecology that refers to the more or less predictable and orderly changes in the composition or structure of an ecological community.

Atmospheric gases or vapours that absorb outgoing infrared energy emitted from the Earth naturally or as a result of human activities. Its components of the atmosphere that contribute to the Greenhouse effect on

Evolving to appear similar to another successful species or to the environment in order to dupe predators into avoiding the mimic, or dupe prey into approaching the mimic.

A colourless, odourless, tasteless gas that is the most plentiful element in the Earth's crust. It was discovered in 1772 by Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele

A microscopic structure that is the basic unit of all living things. Organisms can be made of as little as one cell (some types of bacteria) or as many as several trillion cells (human beings).

The lowest theoretical temperature where all the molecular activities cease to continue. The absolute temperature is OK= -273.16°C

A plant cell structure containing chlorophyll, found in all green plant

A process in green plants and some bacteria during which light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll-containing molecules and converted to chemical energy (the light reaction).During the process, carbon dioxide is reduced and combined with other chemical elements to provide the organic intermediates that form plant biomass (the dark reaction). Green plants release molecular oxygen (02), which they derive from water during the light reaction

begin life in water with gills; later, they develop lungs and legs so they can walk on land as adults. Examples include frogs, toads, and salamanders

The physical characteristic, or behaviour trait that helps an organism survive in its local environment

An ecology term for the total mass of living organisms in a certain area

The colouring of an animal that allows it to blend into its environment to survive better.

A triatomic molecule consisting of three oxygen atoms. Ground-level ozone is an air pollutant with harmful effects on the respiratory systems of animals. On the other hand, it is in the upper atmosphere protects living organisms by preventing damaging ultraviolet light from reaching the Earth's surface

When a substance changes state from a gas to a liquid

occurs when a substance changes directly from a solid to a gas without becoming liquid

Rainfall with a greater acidity than normal

An increase in temperature caused when the atmosphere absorbs incoming solar radiation but blocks outgoing thermal radiation; carbon dioxide is the major factor

The temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid. Increased pressure usually raise