quiz

45問 • 1年前

問題一覧

What is incidence?

Incidence is a measure of disease that allows us to determine a person's probability of being diagnosed with a disease during a given period of time. Therefore, incidence is the number of newly diagnosed cases of a disease. An incidence rate is the number of new cases of a disease divided by the number of persons at risk for the disease. If, over the course of one year, five women are diagnosed with breast cancer, out of a total female study population of 200 (who do not have breast cancer at the beginning of the study period), then we would say the incidence of breast cancer in this population was 0.025. (or 2,500 per 100,000 women-years of study)

What is prevalence?

Prevalence is a measure of disease that allows us to determine a person's likelihood of having a disease. Therefore, the number of prevalent cases is the total number of cases of disease existing in a population. A prevalence rate is the total number of cases of a disease existing in a population divided by the total population. So, if a measurement of cancer is taken in a population of 40,000 people and 1,200 were recently diagnosed with cancer and 3,500 are living with cancer, then the prevalence of cancer is 0.118. (or 11,750 per 100,000 persons)

What is morbidity?

Morbidity is another term for illness. A person can have several co-morbidities simultaneously. So, morbidities can range from Alzheimer's disease to cancer to traumatic brain injury. Morbidities are NOT deaths. Prevalence is a measure often used to determine the level of morbidity in a population.

What is mortality?

Mortality is another term for death. A mortality rate is the number of deaths due to a disease divided by the total population. If there are 25 lung cancer deaths in one year in a population of 30,000, then the mortality rate for that population is 83 per 100,000.

What is mortality rate?

Mortality rate is the percentage of deaths associated with a disease or medical treatment.

After the White population, which ethnic group was the largest in New Jersey in 2020?

Hispanic Latino

What are the five needs for cultural competency in health care?

1.Demographic diversity and projected population shifts 2. Increased utilization of traditional therapies 3. Disparities in health status 4. Underrepresentation of culturally and linguistically diverse health care providers 5. Legislative, regulatory, and accreditation mandates

What is the fasting growing population group and is projected to continue to be the fastest growing racial or ethnic group for the next several decades?

Two or more races

Which group makes up the majority of the US health workforce?

white

How is cultural humility defined in the AND Ethics reading?

Focusing on self-reflection skills to examine one’s own “background, identities, and parents of bias” about the cultural identity of others

What is the umbrella term encompassing sexual orientation and gender identity? (LGBT terminology)

LGBTQ

What is the term that describes a person whose gender identity is female but was assigned male at birth? (LGBT terminology)

transgender women

What are the five constructs of the Campinha-Bocote Model?

• Cultural skill • Cultural knowledge • Cultural encounters • Cultural desire • Cultural Awareness

Which model is viewed as a succession of stages?

Cultural Competence Continuum Model

Review Implicit bias and explicit bias

Implicit biases: Unconscious biases or stereotypes can shape our perceptions, actions, and decisions without us being aware. Explicit bias: Conscious beliefs and attitudes toward a person or group that can be identified and expressed.

In the reading “Under the Rader: How Unexamined Biases in Decision-Making Process in Clinical Interactions Can Contribute to Health Care Disparities, how do healthcare providers have stereotypes towards older people?

Older people are categorized as high warmth/ cooperation and low competence/ status, and which is pity and sympathy. Their types of discrimination are passive harm/ neglect and active help/ protect.

The process of adapting to a culture other that one’s culture of origin (first learned culture).

Acculturation

Prejudice or discrimination against or in favor of an age group

Ageism

People born in and owing allegiance to a country other than the one in which they live.

Aliens

The process by which cultural distinctions between ethnic groups are minimized or eliminated.

Assimilation

Diseases viewed as natural mechanistic errors, correctable with interchangeable or repairable parts or by manipulating chemical pathways that are the cause of distress. Reliance on technology.

Biomedical views.

Describes a person whose sex and gender identity align. i.e. someone who was assigned male at birth and identifies as male/masculine.

Cisgender

XXX is a shared history defined as “the thoughts, communication, actions, customs, beliefs, values, and institutions of racial, ethnic, religious or societal groups.” The societal groups can include gender, age, sexual orientation, physical or mental ability, health, occupation, and socioeconomic status.

culture

principles or standards that members of a cultural group share in common.” Since they are the grounding forces that provide meaning, structure and organization in our lives, we hold onto them in the face of numerous obstacles.

Cultural Values

Since individuals develop behavior patterns and views of the world based on unique life experiences and membership in several cultural groups, no two people exhibit carbon copy behavior patterns. Therefore, all encounters between two people can be viewed as linking cultures. However, the encounters between individuals or groups are not labeled as XXX unless the attributes of the cultures they represent are substantially different.

Cross-cultural

developing attitudes, skills, and levels of awareness so as to provide culturally appropriate, respectful, and effective interventions.

cultural competency

Acknowledges and incorporates, at all levels, the importance of culture, health care system assessment of cross-cultural relationships, vigilance towards the dynamics that result from cultural differences, expansion of cultural knowledge, and adaptation of services to meet culturally unique needs.

Culturally competent health care system

No single ethnic group is a majority.

Cultural plurality

The attitude that other ways of doing things are different but equally valid and that behavior needs to be understood in its cultural context.

Cultural relativism

Feeling of helplessness and discomfort experienced by an outsider attempting to comprehend or effectively adapt to a different cultural group.

Cultural shock

Some forms are visible, such as, physical differences, abilities and disabilities, and language differences. Other forms that may not be visible includes sexual orientation, gender identification, socio-economic status, and age barriers.

Diversity

A shared cultural identity or cultural heritage that forms a part of the lifestyle and shared sense of identity of the members of a group. Groups of people are classified by common national, tribal, religious, linguistic or cultural background. XXX is a cultural, not a biological, characteristic and is changeable.

Ethnicity

The beliefs, values, customs and viewpoints of one’s own group are viewed as the only valid approach and superior to the actions or customs of any other group. Every culture teaches its members to value their beliefs and views of reality as the best; and in some cases, cultures teach that their beliefs are the only acceptable way.

Ethnocentric

The process of learning or acquiring one’s culture of origin

Enculturation

Individuals who migrate from another country for the purpose of seeking permanent residence and hopefully a better life

Immigrants

Umbrella term for two distinct components of identity: sexual orientation and gender identity

LGBTQ

A description of situations in which two or more distinctive cultures interact.

Multicultural

Describes a person who is emotionally and sexually attracted to people of gender identities throughout the gender spectrum

Pansexual

Unjustified negative attitude based on a person’s group

Prejudice

XXX refers to categorization of parts of a population based on physical appearance due to historical social and political forces allowing characterization as a distinct human type. It should be noted that there are no scientifically established genotypes to delineate XXX.

race

People who flee one area, usually their home country, to seek shelter or protection from danger.

Refugees

A social or cultural quality, characteristic, or experience of a racial/ethnic group or individual that led to differential treatment and varying quality of care.

Sociocultural barriers.

Exaggerated beliefs and images, popularly depicted by mass media and folklore

Stereotypes

A transgender person whose gender identity is female. Transgender women were assigned male at birth (AMAB).

Transgender woman

The perception of the world as biased by culture and personal experience. Worldviews determine the character of what is real or true.

Worldview

exam 2

Luna · 56問 · 1年前

exam 2

56問 • 1年前

Luna

問題一覧

What is incidence?

What is prevalence?

What is morbidity?

What is mortality?

What is mortality rate?

Mortality rate is the percentage of deaths associated with a disease or medical treatment.

After the White population, which ethnic group was the largest in New Jersey in 2020?

Hispanic Latino

What are the five needs for cultural competency in health care?

What is the fasting growing population group and is projected to continue to be the fastest growing racial or ethnic group for the next several decades?

Two or more races

Which group makes up the majority of the US health workforce?

white

How is cultural humility defined in the AND Ethics reading?

Focusing on self-reflection skills to examine one’s own “background, identities, and parents of bias” about the cultural identity of others

What is the umbrella term encompassing sexual orientation and gender identity? (LGBT terminology)

LGBTQ

What is the term that describes a person whose gender identity is female but was assigned male at birth? (LGBT terminology)

transgender women

What are the five constructs of the Campinha-Bocote Model?

• Cultural skill • Cultural knowledge • Cultural encounters • Cultural desire • Cultural Awareness

Which model is viewed as a succession of stages?

Cultural Competence Continuum Model

Review Implicit bias and explicit bias

Older people are categorized as high warmth/ cooperation and low competence/ status, and which is pity and sympathy. Their types of discrimination are passive harm/ neglect and active help/ protect.

The process of adapting to a culture other that one’s culture of origin (first learned culture).

Acculturation

Prejudice or discrimination against or in favor of an age group

Ageism

People born in and owing allegiance to a country other than the one in which they live.

Aliens

The process by which cultural distinctions between ethnic groups are minimized or eliminated.

Assimilation

Diseases viewed as natural mechanistic errors, correctable with interchangeable or repairable parts or by manipulating chemical pathways that are the cause of distress. Reliance on technology.

Biomedical views.

Describes a person whose sex and gender identity align. i.e. someone who was assigned male at birth and identifies as male/masculine.

Cisgender

culture

Cultural Values

Cross-cultural

developing attitudes, skills, and levels of awareness so as to provide culturally appropriate, respectful, and effective interventions.

cultural competency

Culturally competent health care system

No single ethnic group is a majority.

Cultural plurality

The attitude that other ways of doing things are different but equally valid and that behavior needs to be understood in its cultural context.

Cultural relativism

Feeling of helplessness and discomfort experienced by an outsider attempting to comprehend or effectively adapt to a different cultural group.

Cultural shock

Diversity

Ethnicity

Ethnocentric

The process of learning or acquiring one’s culture of origin

Enculturation

Individuals who migrate from another country for the purpose of seeking permanent residence and hopefully a better life

Immigrants

Umbrella term for two distinct components of identity: sexual orientation and gender identity

LGBTQ

A description of situations in which two or more distinctive cultures interact.

Multicultural

Describes a person who is emotionally and sexually attracted to people of gender identities throughout the gender spectrum

Pansexual

Unjustified negative attitude based on a person’s group

Prejudice

race

People who flee one area, usually their home country, to seek shelter or protection from danger.

Refugees

A social or cultural quality, characteristic, or experience of a racial/ethnic group or individual that led to differential treatment and varying quality of care.

Sociocultural barriers.

Exaggerated beliefs and images, popularly depicted by mass media and folklore

Stereotypes

A transgender person whose gender identity is female. Transgender women were assigned male at birth (AMAB).

Transgender woman

The perception of the world as biased by culture and personal experience. Worldviews determine the character of what is real or true.

Worldview