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1
The science that deals with the study of the structure and composition of matter. It also deals with the study of the changes that matter undergoes and the energy involved that accompany these changes.
The Science of Matter
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Deals with the study of elements (i.e. atoms, molecules, compounds, ions etc.) and their chemical composition characteristics, structures, and reactions.
Chemistry
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all the elements and their compounds except the element ‘carbon’.
inorganic chemistry
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study of what and how much substances is present in a particular sample of matter.
analytical chemistry
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Study of compounds present in living organisms and their interactions with one another. Study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. “Chemistry of living organisms”
Biochemistry
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Study of carbon compounds specifically ‘hydrocarbons’ and their derivatives. Deals with the reaction of the study of most carbon containing compounds.
Organic chemistry
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Study of physical processes in chemical reactions. Study of the structure of matter, energy, changes and the laws, principles and theories that govern the transformation of matter and their relations.
Physical chemistry
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Art of embalming, cosmetics, making papers form papyrus.
Ancient egyptians
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He discovered oxygen.
Joseph Priestly
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He named oxygen and hydrogen.
Antoine van Lavoisier
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He discovered hydrogen.
Henry Cavendish
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Experiments in chemical reactions. Substances composed of two or more elements. Law of Definite Proportion (Composition)
John Louis Proust
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Deduced that matter is made up of small and invisible particles he called “atomos” which means “uncut” or “invisible”.
Democritus
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Uncut and invisible.
Atomos
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Made up of small and invisible particles called “atomos”
Matter
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Building blocks of matter.
Atom
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it is regular arrangements, vibrate about a fixed position, and very close
Solid
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It is randomly arranged, move quickly in all directions, and it’s far apart.
Gas
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Anything that occupies space and has mass. It exists in 3 states or phases. (solid, liquid, and gas)
Matter
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It is randomly arranged, move around each other, and close.
Liquid
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It is not rigid, no fixed shape, and it’s fixed volume.
Liquid
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It is not rigid, no fixed shape, and no fixed volume.
Gas
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It is rigid, fixed volume, and fixed shape.
Solid
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When a substance transitions from a solid state to a liquid state, it undergoes a phase change known as melting. Example: ice melting into water.
Melting
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When a substance transitions from a liquid state to a solid state, it undergoes a phase change known as freezing. Example: Water freezing into ice.
Freezing
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When a substance transitions from a liquid state to a gas state, it undergoes a phase change known as vaporization or evaporation. Example: Perfume evaporating from the skin
Vaporization
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When a substance transitions from a gas state to a liquid state, it undergoes a phase change known as ______. Example: Water vapor condensing into liquid water, forming dew on surfaces.
Condensation
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When a substance transitions from a solid state to a gas state, it undergoes a phase change called _____. Example: Solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) sublimating into carbon dioxide gas at room temperature.
Sublimation
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When a substance transitions from a gas state to a solid state, it undergoes a phase change known as _____. Example: Water vapor directly forming ice without becoming liquid.
Deposition
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Copper turns green when exposed to air.
Ability to change color upon exposure to air
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A gas spewing
Ability to form bubbles when heated
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Paper is flammable
Flammability
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Constant regardless of the amount of matter. Give the characteristics of substance its unique identity.
Intensive/Intrinsic
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Not constant and change with the amount of matter present. Dependent on the amount. Examples are: shape, size, length, mass, and volume.
Extensive/Extrinsic
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Philosophers during those days began to record activities that the alchemist left behind.
16th century
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They analyzed the result of these
Chemistry as analytical science
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published his work: “The Skeptikal Chymist” or Chymico-physical: hypothesis that matter consisted of atoms
Robert Boyle
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What is the 2 types of matter?
pure substance and mixture
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Are those that are composed of only one kind of matter. Can be further classified as ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS.
Pure substance
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What are the 2 types of Pure Substance?
element and compound
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Classified as metals, non-metals, and the semi-metals or the metalloids.
Element
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Pure substances composed of two or more elements chemically combined with each other.
Compound
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What are the 2 types of matter?
homogeneous and heterogeneous
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Give me a 3 examples of ELEMENT
Hydrogen, Tungsten, and Berillium
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Give me a 3 examples of COMPOUND
Dihydrogen oxide, Sodium chloride, and Citrate
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Physical combination of two or more substances. Do not follow the law of fixed ratio and proportion.
Mixtures
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The composition is not uniform throughout the mixture.
Heterogeneous
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Gaseous, liquid, or solid mixture that has the same proportion of its components throughout a given sample. It is uniform in composition throughout.
Homogeneous
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Give me three examples of Heterogeneous.
Chocolate chip cookie, salad, and burger
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Give me three examples of HOMOGENEOUS
Cup of coffee, soft drinks, and vinegar
51
In periodic table, there are 7 rows called _______
periods
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In periodic table, there are 18 columns called _______
groups
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Elements in group 17 have names that ends with what?
ine
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The metals are to the ____ of the line except ______
left, hydrogen
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The ______ are to the right of the line.
nonmetals
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_______ generally increases as you move from left to right across a period and decreases as move down a _____.
electronegativity, group
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This method is ised for suspension.
Decantation
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This method employs that use of a filter.
Filtration
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This method uses mechanical devices to separate the components of mixtures. Examples of this are tongs, magnets, sieves, and tweezers.
Mechanical methods
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Method by which a component from a solution or colloid will be extracted by another liquid, called an extracting agent with different density from the solution.
Extraction
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This method has different types depending on the need. But the principle to all types is the same.
Chromotography