問題一覧
1
• It a political unit that has authority over its own affairs. In other words, its borders are recognized by other countries. • It views as the institution that created warfare and sets economic policies for a country.
state
2
established the notion of the nation-state And the idea of sovereignty.
Treaty of Westphalia of 1643
3
distinctive political community with its own set of rules and practices and that is more or less separate from other communities.
state
4
refers to people rather than any kind of formal territorial boundaries or institutions. • It is a collective identity grounded on a notion of shared history and cultu
nation
5
It is a territory bounded sovereign institution that governs individuals sharing a collective history, identity, and culture.
nation state
6
It is the gathering of all of the representatives of UN. It is held in a auditorium where speeches are given. They provide form for member states to express their views and reach consensus. Representatives from different member states can vote on issues.
general Assembly
7
•These are organizations that are not tied to any country which allows them to operate freely throughout the world. They provide emergency relief such as food, water, and medical supplies for those homes have been destroyed by disaster or war.
Non Governmental Organization
8
helps kids gets health care and education
save the children fund
9
speaks out human rights and political prisoners.
amnesty International
10
fights famine and diseases.
oxfam
11
provides fee emergency healthcare in disaster areas.
doctors without Borders
12
is an organization that help those who are wounded during wars.
Red cross
13
increase or decline in the degree of globalism.
globalization
14
refers to the network of connections that transcends distances of different countries in the world.
globalism
15
technological paradigm, associated with computer, science and modern telecommunication, that replaces industrialism is called
informationalism
16
• It is defined as the exchange of information and knowledge that become the central in the contemporary world.
informationalism
17
He argued that “the role of the state is enduring - and even increasing in advanced industrial societies.”
beland 2008
18
What is the Central mission of United Nation Organization ( UNO)
Maintain international peace and security
19
Its primary goal is to help children around the world where they collect funds to distribute emergency relief from famine, poverty and diseases. They operate semi-independently and rely on fundraising.
UNICEF United Nations Children’s Emergency Fund
20
It covers a range of concerns for the improvement of all aspects of life.
the sustainable development goals
21
It addresses environmental issues such as pollution and hazardous waste.
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
22
It took efforts that mitigate climate change like assessment of climate science, facilitation of climate agreements, and giving assistance to countries to reduce emissions.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
23
It is located in Netherlands This is where countries can settle disputes in a court of law and where war criminals and rulers who have done terrible things to people can be put to trial for their crimes
International Court of Justice (ICJ)
24
group of countries decides what to do when two or more countries are waging war or are on the verge of fighting.
security Council
25
Security council big 5 countries
usa britain russia china france
26
defensive treaty or military alliance between the US, Canada and 25 European countries. The main purpose of this formal alliance was to defend each other from the possibility of communist Soviet Union taking control of their Nation.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
27
The countries in this organization basically agreed to combine their militaries and announce to the world that if a country messes with one of its members, the other countries will come to their defense
NATO
28
It was coined by former US President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1942.
United Nation Organization (UNO)
29
Established the principle of state sovereignty, marking the birth of the modern interstate system. This ended the Thirty Years' War and introduced the concept of non-interference in domestic affairs of other states
1648: Treaty of Westphalia
30
A system of diplomatic conferences and agreements among European powers to maintain the balance of power and prevent major conflicts. This period saw the rise of nation-states and the development of international law.
19th Century: Concert of Europe
31
In the aftermath of World War II, it was established to maintain international peace and security, fostering cooperation among nations. This marked a new era of global governance and multilateralism.
1945: Founding of the United Nations
32
The rise of global challenges like climate change and terrorism has led to increased international cooperation and the emergence of new global governance structures.
21st Century: Globalization and Interdependence
33
The fundamental principle that each state has supreme authority within its borders. This concept underpins international law and shapes diplomatic relations. However, globalization and human rights concerns have challenged traditional notions of sovereignty.
state sovereignty
34
States are prohibited from interfering in the internal affairs of other states. This principle aims to maintain international stability but faces challenges in cases of humanitarian crises or threats to global security.
non intervention
35
This principle ensures that diplomatic missions can function effectively without fear of legal repercussions.
diplomatic immunity
36
The rise of emerging powers and the relative decline of traditional Western hegemony are reshaping the global order. This shift necessitates new approaches to global governance and international cooperation.
shifting power dynamics
37
The rise of multinational corporations, NGOs, and international organizations has created new power dynamics. These entities often wield significant influence in global affairs, sometimes rivaling that of nation-states.
None State Actors
38
Problems like climate change, terrorism, and pandemics transcend national borders, challenging the state-centric model. These issues require coordinated global responses, often straining traditional diplomatic channels.
transnational issues
39
The internet and digital technologies have transformed international interactions, creating new avenues for diplomacy but also new vulnerabilities. Cybersecurity and digital governance have become critical concerns in interstate relations
transnational advancement
40
Legally binding agreements between states
international treaties
41
Restrictions on trade and financial transactions
economic sanctions
42
Deployment of international forces to maintain peace
peacekeeping operations
43
Influence through culture, values, and diplomacy
soft power
44
Ensuring fair representation of all nations, especially developing countries, in global decision-making processes. This challenge involves reforming institutions like the UN Security Council to reflect current global realities.
Legitimacy and Representation
45
Developing effective mechanisms to enforce international agreements and hold violators accountable.
Enforcement of International Law
46
Reconciling the principle of state sovereignty with the need for collective action on global issues like climate change and human rights.
Balancing Sovereignty and Global Needs
47
Creating governance frameworks for new technologies like AI, biotechnology, and space exploration, which have global implications but often outpace regulatory efforts.
Addressing Emerging Technologies