CONTEMP

47問 • 1年前

問題一覧

• It a political unit that has authority over its own affairs. In other words, its borders are recognized by other countries. • It views as the institution that created warfare and sets economic policies for a country.

state

established the notion of the nation-state And the idea of sovereignty.

Treaty of Westphalia of 1643

distinctive political community with its own set of rules and practices and that is more or less separate from other communities.

state

refers to people rather than any kind of formal territorial boundaries or institutions. • It is a collective identity grounded on a notion of shared history and cultu

nation

It is a territory bounded sovereign institution that governs individuals sharing a collective history, identity, and culture.

nation state

 It is the gathering of all of the representatives of UN. It is held in a auditorium where speeches are given. They provide form for member states to express their views and reach consensus. Representatives from different member states can vote on issues.

general Assembly

•These are organizations that are not tied to any country which allows them to operate freely throughout the world. They provide emergency relief such as food, water, and medical supplies for those homes have been destroyed by disaster or war.

Non Governmental Organization

helps kids gets health care and education

save the children fund

speaks out human rights and political prisoners.

amnesty International

fights famine and diseases.

oxfam

provides fee emergency healthcare in disaster areas.

doctors without Borders

is an organization that help those who are wounded during wars.

Red cross

increase or decline in the degree of globalism.

globalization

refers to the network of connections that transcends distances of different countries in the world.

globalism

technological paradigm, associated with computer, science and modern telecommunication, that replaces industrialism is called

informationalism

• It is defined as the exchange of information and knowledge that become the central in the contemporary world.

informationalism

He argued that “the role of the state is enduring - and even increasing in advanced industrial societies.”

beland 2008

What is the Central mission of United Nation Organization ( UNO)

Maintain international peace and security

Its primary goal is to help children around the world where they collect funds to distribute emergency relief from famine, poverty and diseases. They operate semi-independently and rely on fundraising.

UNICEF  United Nations Children’s Emergency Fund

It covers a range of concerns for the improvement of all aspects of life.

the sustainable development goals

 It addresses environmental issues such as pollution and hazardous waste.

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

It took efforts that mitigate climate change like assessment of climate science, facilitation of climate agreements, and giving assistance to countries to reduce emissions.

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

It is located in Netherlands This is where countries can settle disputes in a court of law and where war criminals and rulers who have done terrible things to people can be put to trial for their crimes

International Court of Justice (ICJ)

group of countries decides what to do when two or more countries are waging war or are on the verge of fighting.

security Council

Security council big 5 countries

usa britain russia china france

defensive treaty or military alliance between the US, Canada and 25 European countries. The main purpose of this formal alliance was to defend each other from the possibility of communist Soviet Union taking control of their Nation.

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

The countries in this organization basically agreed to combine their militaries and announce to the world that if a country messes with one of its members, the other countries will come to their defense

NATO

It was coined by former US President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1942.

United Nation Organization (UNO)

Established the principle of state sovereignty, marking the birth of the modern interstate system. This ended the Thirty Years' War and introduced the concept of non-interference in domestic affairs of other states

1648: Treaty of Westphalia

A system of diplomatic conferences and agreements among European powers to maintain the balance of power and prevent major conflicts. This period saw the rise of nation-states and the development of international law.

19th Century: Concert of Europe

In the aftermath of World War II, it was established to maintain international peace and security, fostering cooperation among nations. This marked a new era of global governance and multilateralism.

1945: Founding of the United Nations

The rise of global challenges like climate change and terrorism has led to increased international cooperation and the emergence of new global governance structures.

21st Century: Globalization and Interdependence

The fundamental principle that each state has supreme authority within its borders. This concept underpins international law and shapes diplomatic relations. However, globalization and human rights concerns have challenged traditional notions of sovereignty.

state sovereignty

States are prohibited from interfering in the internal affairs of other states. This principle aims to maintain international stability but faces challenges in cases of humanitarian crises or threats to global security.

non intervention

This principle ensures that diplomatic missions can function effectively without fear of legal repercussions.

diplomatic immunity

The rise of emerging powers and the relative decline of traditional Western hegemony are reshaping the global order. This shift necessitates new approaches to global governance and international cooperation.

shifting power dynamics

The rise of multinational corporations, NGOs, and international organizations has created new power dynamics. These entities often wield significant influence in global affairs, sometimes rivaling that of nation-states.

None State Actors

Problems like climate change, terrorism, and pandemics transcend national borders, challenging the state-centric model. These issues require coordinated global responses, often straining traditional diplomatic channels.

transnational issues

The internet and digital technologies have transformed international interactions, creating new avenues for diplomacy but also new vulnerabilities. Cybersecurity and digital governance have become critical concerns in interstate relations

transnational advancement

Legally binding agreements between states

international treaties

Restrictions on trade and financial transactions

economic sanctions

Deployment of international forces to maintain peace

peacekeeping operations

Influence through culture, values, and diplomacy

soft power

Ensuring fair representation of all nations, especially developing countries, in global decision-making processes. This challenge involves reforming institutions like the UN Security Council to reflect current global realities.

Legitimacy and Representation

Developing effective mechanisms to enforce international agreements and hold violators accountable.

Enforcement of International Law

Reconciling the principle of state sovereignty with the need for collective action on global issues like climate change and human rights.

Balancing Sovereignty and Global Needs

Creating governance frameworks for new technologies like AI, biotechnology, and space exploration, which have global implications but often outpace regulatory efforts.

Addressing Emerging Technologies

Reed finals

Leah Jean Better · 28問 · 2年前

Reed finals