RPC F1

36問 • 1年前

通報

問題一覧

Have several causes, most of which are related to the thermal characteristics of the x-ray tube

X-Ray Tube Failure

must be dissipated for the x-ray tube to continue to function.

Heat

Three Methods of Heat Dissipation

Radiation - transfer of heat by emission of infrared radiation. Convection - transfer of heat by the movement of a heated substance from one place to another Conduction - transfer of heat from one area of an object to another.

results in reduced tube life (also the first reason for tube failure)

Excessive heat

caused by excessive temperature of the anode

Localized Surface Melting & Pitting

what may result to cracking of the anode.

Too rapid increase in temperature of the anode

should not be applied to a cold cathode.

Maximum radiographic technique

results from maintaining the anode at elevated temperatures for prolonged times.

Second type of tube failure

what’s the final cause of tube failure?

Tube Arcing

caused when vaporized tungsten coats the inside of the glass or metal enclosure is interacted with electrons.

Tube Arcing

- causes disturbed electrical balance on the x-ray tube, - causing abrupt, intermittent changes in tube current

Tube Arcing

guides the the radiologic technologists in using the x-ray tube

Rating Chart

Three types of Rating charts

- Radiographic Rating Chart - Anode Cooling Chart - Housing Cooling Chart

most important of the three types of rating charts

Radiographic Rating Chart

shows scales of mA and kVp

X and Y

- contains the thermal capacity of the anode and its heat dissipation characteristics. - has a limited capacity in storing heat.

Anode Cooling Chart

- has a shape similar to that of the anode cooling chart and is used precisely the same way. - complete cooling after maximum heat capacity requires from 1 to 2 hours

Housing Cooling Chart

- describes the energy deposition of a particular type of radiation, which largely determine the biological consequence of radiation

Linear Energy Transfer

- proportional to the square of the charge of the particle. - inversely proportional to the particle's kinetic energy.

Linear Energy Transfer

what is the unit of LET

keV/um

High Linear Energy Transfer Radiation range

3-200 keV/um

Low Linear Energy Transfer Radiation

0.2-3 keV/um

High Linear Energy Transfer is mediated by what?

alpha particles, proton, neutrons

- Greater density of interactions at cellular level - produce biological damage in a given volume of tissue

High Linear Energy Transfer

Low Linear Energy Transfer is mediated by what?

Electrons, Positrons, Gamma rays, X-rays

less likely to produce tissue damage in the same volume of tissue

Low Linear Energy Transfer

conveys which radiographic techniques are safe and unsafe for x-ray tube operation

Radiographic Rating Charts

average energy deposited per unit path length along the track of an ionizing particle

Linear Energy Transfer

LET of Linac X-rays (6-15 MeV)

0.3 keV/um

LET of Beta Particle (1 MeV)

0.3 keV/um

LET of Cobalt-60 Y-rays

0.2 keV/um

LET of 250 kVp x-rays (standard)

2 keV/um

LET of 150 MeV protons

0.5 keV/um

LET of Neutrons

0.5-100 keV/um

LET of Alpha Particles

50-200 keV/um

LET of Carbon ions

40-90 keV/um

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RPC L2

RPC L2

RPC L3

RPC L3

RPC L4

RPC L4

ALE

ALE

RPC L5

RPC L5

RPC M1

RPC M1

RPC M1/2

RPC M1/2

RPC M2

RPC M2

RPC M2.5

RPC M2.5

RPC M3

RPC M3

Midterm

Midterm

MIDTERM

MIDTERM

Midterm

Midterm

FINALS #1

FINALS #1

RPC F2

RPC F2

RPC F3

RPC F3

Finals

Finals

Prelim

Prelim

ISI FINALS PROLOGUE

ISI FINALS PROLOGUE

ISI FINALS EPILOGUE

ISI FINALS EPILOGUE

ISI FINALE

ISI FINALE

Chapter 3.5/4

Chapter 3.5/4

RADBIO 1&2

RADBIO 1&2

RADPRO 1&2

RADPRO 1&2

CHAPTER 4+1 NOT COMPLETE

E · 60問 · 1年前

CHAPTER 4+1 NOT COMPLETE

RADBIO 3

RADBIO 3

RADPRO 3

RADPRO 3

Chapter Left

Chapter Left

POI P1

POI P1

POI P2

POI P2

POI P3

POI P3

QUIZ 4 PART

QUIZ 4 PART

1-3

1-3

4 SECTION PUTA

4 SECTION PUTA

M1 K Ver

M1 K Ver

M2 K Ver

M2 K Ver

1-3

1-3

RAD BIO 4

RAD BIO 4

Awa

Awa

not parts

not parts

RADBIO & RADPRO 5

RADBIO & RADPRO 5

RADBIO & RADPRO 6

RADBIO & RADPRO 6

M4in

M4in

C5 Orig V1

C5 Orig V1

C5 Part 2

C5 Part 2

Urologic Procedures

Urologic Procedures

DRUGS

DRUGS

C5 Orig V2

C5 Orig V2

RAD BIO 7

RAD BIO 7

RAD BIO 8

RAD BIO 8

RAD PRO 6 & 7

RAD PRO 6 & 7

GI Procedures

GI Procedures

Compressed

Compressed

OMY TUBE

OMY TUBE

P2/3

P2/3

BREAST

BREAST

M1 PPT

M1 PPT

F1 Final

F1 Final

SPINE

SPINE

PRELIM FINALE

PRELIM FINALE

MIDTERM FINALE

MIDTERM FINALE

FINALS FINALE

FINALS FINALE

PPT4

PPT4

EXAM BASED

EXAM BASED

EXAM BASED

EXAM BASED

問題一覧

Have several causes, most of which are related to the thermal characteristics of the x-ray tube

X-Ray Tube Failure

must be dissipated for the x-ray tube to continue to function.

Heat

Three Methods of Heat Dissipation

results in reduced tube life (also the first reason for tube failure)

Excessive heat

caused by excessive temperature of the anode

Localized Surface Melting & Pitting

what may result to cracking of the anode.

Too rapid increase in temperature of the anode

should not be applied to a cold cathode.

Maximum radiographic technique

results from maintaining the anode at elevated temperatures for prolonged times.

Second type of tube failure

what’s the final cause of tube failure?

Tube Arcing

caused when vaporized tungsten coats the inside of the glass or metal enclosure is interacted with electrons.

Tube Arcing

- causes disturbed electrical balance on the x-ray tube, - causing abrupt, intermittent changes in tube current

Tube Arcing

guides the the radiologic technologists in using the x-ray tube

Rating Chart

Three types of Rating charts

- Radiographic Rating Chart - Anode Cooling Chart - Housing Cooling Chart

most important of the three types of rating charts

Radiographic Rating Chart

shows scales of mA and kVp

X and Y

- contains the thermal capacity of the anode and its heat dissipation characteristics. - has a limited capacity in storing heat.

Anode Cooling Chart

- has a shape similar to that of the anode cooling chart and is used precisely the same way. - complete cooling after maximum heat capacity requires from 1 to 2 hours

Housing Cooling Chart

- describes the energy deposition of a particular type of radiation, which largely determine the biological consequence of radiation

Linear Energy Transfer

- proportional to the square of the charge of the particle. - inversely proportional to the particle's kinetic energy.

Linear Energy Transfer

what is the unit of LET

keV/um

High Linear Energy Transfer Radiation range

3-200 keV/um

Low Linear Energy Transfer Radiation

0.2-3 keV/um

High Linear Energy Transfer is mediated by what?

alpha particles, proton, neutrons

- Greater density of interactions at cellular level - produce biological damage in a given volume of tissue

High Linear Energy Transfer

Low Linear Energy Transfer is mediated by what?

Electrons, Positrons, Gamma rays, X-rays

less likely to produce tissue damage in the same volume of tissue

Low Linear Energy Transfer

conveys which radiographic techniques are safe and unsafe for x-ray tube operation

Radiographic Rating Charts

average energy deposited per unit path length along the track of an ionizing particle

Linear Energy Transfer

LET of Linac X-rays (6-15 MeV)

0.3 keV/um

LET of Beta Particle (1 MeV)

0.3 keV/um

LET of Cobalt-60 Y-rays

0.2 keV/um

LET of 250 kVp x-rays (standard)

2 keV/um

LET of 150 MeV protons

0.5 keV/um

LET of Neutrons

0.5-100 keV/um

LET of Alpha Particles

50-200 keV/um

LET of Carbon ions

40-90 keV/um