leaving some trace, some maker’s mark.direct way of bringing what is in the artist’s mind.

drawing is created by dragging a silver-tipped (or other metal-tipped) implement over a surface that has been coated with a ground—a sort of base layer—of bone dust or chalk mixed with gum, water, and pigment.

burnt wood or bone now take the form of prepared sticks

waxlike cores mixed with pigment and other substances sur- rounded

The effects of charcoal, chalk, and pastel are very similar, although the mediums differ in terms of their composition. Chalk and pastel consist of pigment and a binder, such as gum arabic, shaped into workable sticks. Chalks are available in many colors, some of which occur in nature.

metal nib, slipped into a wooden stylus and dipped into a well of ink, became a preferred writing instrument.

brush-and-ink drawing will depend on whether the brush is bristle or nylon, thin or thick, pointed or flat tipped.

The word cartoon derives from the Italian cartone, meaning ____

Originally, ___were full-scale preliminary drawings done on paper for projects such as fresco and other paintings, stained glass, tapestries, and so on. Modern ____ rely on caricature, the flagrant exaggeration and distortion of natural features and have long been vehicles for social commentary, conscious- ness raising, and political activism.

• primary aspect is liquid material applied to a surface with an implement. • comes from its pigment—granular solids in a wide chromatic range derived from chemicals and minerals

pigment is ground up and mixed with a gum binding

relies on synthetic resin to bind

It is made by mixing ground pigments with linseed oil and varnish to create a smooth, stiff paste.

medium uses eggs as a binder.

• water-based paints on fresh plaster • This kind of painting is usually done on walls and, on some occasions, ceilings.

a mixture of ground pigments and a hot, molten wax vehicle applied to a prepared surface.

highly pigmented containers that the artist dilutes for different purposes.

aerosol product designed to be dispensed as a fine mist. Compared to conventional brush methods of painting,

process begins with a design or image made in or on a surface by hitting or pressing with a tool. • The image is then transferred to paper or a similar material.

•This method requires that the artist cut away the sections of a surface not meant to hold ink. • The remaining raised portion is then covered with ink and becomes the printing surface. • Paper is laid on it, pressure is applied, and the ink is transferred to the paper.

• It is a process in which ink is forced to fill lines cut into a metal surface. • The lines of a design are created by one of two methods: etching or engraving.

• It is a copper or zinc plate is first covered with a coating made of a mixture of beeswax, asphalt, and resin; the mixture is called a ground. • The artist uses a fine needle to draw an image through this protective coating.

• The lines are cut directly into the metal plate with a burin, or engraving tool. • more pronounced and clear than the fine lines produced by the etching process.

This is a printmaking method in which the image to be printed is drawn on limestone, zinc, or aluminum with a special greasy crayon.

• paint is forced through a screen onto paper or fabric.

• It means “I see” (Latin) • electronic representation of a sequence of images or frames • recording of real events to be processed

• also called motion picture or movie, series of still photographs

• The movie follows a comprehensive story arc and is plausible.

• The movie has an interesting premise and has entertainment value.

identifiable and deeply connect like revenge, sorrow, pride, control, jealousy, betrayal, and the afterlife..

General speaking, in order to have depth, themes should achieve at least one of the following:

• The characters are multidimensional and the actor’s performance is convincing.

helps tell the story in a believable context.

• There is a consistent visual language that is enhanced by a creative use of lighting, setting and wardrobe.

• The pace fits the film’s tone and the effects are seamlessly integrated.

• There is an authentic sound design and the film score is in harmony with the story.

• The director had a uniform vision and executed the vision to its fullest potential.

• The movie is unique and transcendent.