Materials used for building that are considered abundantly available in that particular environment, and are renewable, recycled or ressed

Materials that have been created by man, or natural materials altered in composition or structure by man

Classification of building materials

NATURAL BUILDING MATERIALS

ARTIFICIAL BUILDING MATERIALS

These are the properties required to estimate the quality and condition of the material without any external force.

are find out by applying external forces on them. These are very important properties which are responsible for behavior of a material in its job.

The properties of materials against the chemical actions or chemical combinations are termed as

The properties of a material to conduct or to resist electricity through them

like permeability, hysteresis etc. are required in the case of generators etc. iron is magnetic material and aluminum is non-magnetic material.

is the property of a material to absorb heat and it is required to design proper ventilation. It influences the thermal stability of walls. It is expressed in J/N OC and it is calculated by below formula. Thermal capacity.

Refers to measurement of the characteristics and behavior of materials to be used in specifying the suitability of materials to various applications. (ex: construction)

An instrument with a mesh or perforated bottom used to separate coarse from fine materials of a loose matter.

are used for and separation size determination of particles. A typical _____ separates particles by passing them through a series of chambers with mesh filters and agitating the sample in order to obtain complete separation.

are used to measure California bearing ratio. _______is a measure of the strength of subgrade soil and highway sub base subgrade via a penetration test.

Tests for resistance to abrasion in crashed rock, slag, crushed and gravel, uncrushed gravel

The concrete slump value determined in this test is used to find the water-cement ratio in mixes. By measuring the difference between the mold height and the height of the specimen, researchers are able to evaluate the concrete consistency.

The mold ensures the concrete takes on a uniform cylindrical shape, which is then cured and tested for compressive strength

A _____also known as a universal tester. materials testing machine or materials test frame, is used to test the tensile strength and compressive strength of materials

The____ is a non- destructive testing apparatus whereby the rebound of the spring driven mass is measured after its impact with concrete surface. The output of the _______ is referred to as rebound number and are correlated with surface hardness of concrete

An _____roof is the most common type of root you see on homes today, It's a roof system made primarily out of ____and other asphalt components.

TYPES OF ASPHALT SHINGLES

TWO METHODS PRODUCING STEEL

is the first step in producing steel from iron oxides. The _____ uses coke, iron ore and limestone to produce pig iron.

is different from the blast furnace as it produces steel by using an electrical current to melt scrap steel, direct reduced iron, and/or pig iron, to produce molten steel.

-The manufacture of brick and structural clay products involves mining, grinding, screening and blending of the raw materials followed by forming, cutting or shaping. drying, firing, cooling, storage, and shipping of the final product.

is the process together of the Ingredients-water,

They are made of limestone, shells, and chalk, or marl combined with shale, slate, blast furnace slag, silica sand, and iron ore. These are heated at high temperature forming them rock like substance that is ground into fine powder.

TWO TYPES OF CEMENT:

-sets and become adhesive through a chemical reaction of cement and water.

it sets as it dries and reacts with carbon dioxide in the air.