問題一覧
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Fictional pieces
Text literary
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A piece of writing that has the purpose of telling a story or entertaining
Text literary
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Nonfiction writing
Informational text
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A piece of writing that has the intention of informing the reader about a specific topic
Informational text
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According to ___________, successful reading involves the following: retrieving interpreting integrating reflecting evaluating information
Thomson de bartoli and buckley (2013)
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According to Thomson De Bartoli and Buckley (2013), successful reading involves the following:
Retrieving, Interpreting, Integrating, Reflecting, Evaluating information
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Tpe of fiction writing that is distinguished by its briefness
Short story
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An ancient story created to explain natural events, present a lesson on how to live or serve as warning to follow the rules of the society
Myth
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Example of short story
Dead stars by pat marquez benitez
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Example of myth
The story of cupid and psyche
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Elements of fiction
Setting, Characters, Plot, Conflict, Theme, Point of view (pov), Mood, Tone, Symbolism, Images
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Plot
Suspense, Foreshadowing, Flashback, Cliffhanger, Plot twist
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Types of conflicts
Internal, External
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Internal conflict
Man vs himself
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External conflict
Man vs man, Man vs nature, Man vs machine, Man vs society
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Refers to the kind of writing, which presents reasons and examples to effect thought and/or action
Persuasive essay
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Components of persuasive text
Facts, Expert opinions, Testimonies, Effective persuasive techniques
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A text where the writer is either 'for' or 'against' an issue or subject
Argument
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Structure in persuading or convincing the readers
Statement of the thesis, or the theme/topic of an argument, Enumeration of a set of reasons supporting the thesis, Presentation of evidences that substantiate the reasons and strengthen the thesis, Conclusion which reinforces the thesis and calls for action
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TELLS
Thesis, Evidence, Logic, Language & style
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TELLS (Persuasive)
Thesis, Evidence
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TELLS (Argument)
Logic, Language & style
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An automatic brain response — accidental, involuntary, effortlessly — it occurs naturally
Hearing
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Is focused, voluntary, and intentional
Listening
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When a person's listening skill is excellent, it will not be difficult to evaluate whether the text heard conveys ______, _______, _______, and ______
Fluency, Cohesion, Tone, Correctness
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Is speaking effortlessly, reasonably fast, and without unnecessary stops or pauses
Fluency
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Refers to how 'smoothly' and 'efficiently' a second language speaker can speak on a range of topics in real time
Fluency
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"Fluency refers to how 'smoothly' and 'efficiently' a second language speaker can speak on a range of topics in real time" Definition from?
Daniel morgan of shenker institutes of english
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3 elements of fluency
Accuracy, Rate, Prosody
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Pronouncing words correctly that results to the ability to grasp the meaning of words in the existing vocabulary of an individual
Accuracy
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Is the speed with which a reader processes an extended text and grasp the meaning of each sentence without skipping any words
Rate
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"Reading rate is the speed with which a reader processes an extended text and grasp the meaning of each sentence without skipping any words" Definition by?
(Fujita & yamashita, 2014)
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Reading with expression
Prosody
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Concepts of fluency
Speech rate, Speech continuity
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Measured by words per minute, indicates how fast or how slow a speaker delivered the text
Speech rate
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Goes hand-in-hand with coherence
Speech continuity
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Linking of words and sentences by using correct transitional/cohesive devices
Cohesion
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Conjunctions
Fanboys
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Adverbial conjunctions
Even, Although, Instead
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Centered on the general sense and organization/logical sequence of thoughts/ideas in a text — meaning, whether or not the text makes sense
Coherence
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By the use of proper cohesive devices, _______ is achieved
Coherence
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Attitude of the writer/speaker regarding a subject
Tone
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2 types of tone
Formal tone, Informal tone
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Speakers such as resource speaker in a seminar for professionals
Formal tone
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Light/humorous tone such as stand-up comedian in comedy bars
Informal tone
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It is focused on grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation
Correctness
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An attempt to persuade someone by presenting evidence to the reader for why it is a more favorable choice regarding a particular issue
Argument
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Having or showing a tendency to disagree or argue
Argumentative
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A short piece of writing on particular subject
Essay
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A kind of writing that aims to make the reader agree with the writer's opinion about a controversial or debatable issue
Argumentative essay
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It presents evidences for a claim in order to let the reader know why it is more favorable
Argumentative essay
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Generally, argumentative essay topics are related to
Science, Technology, Politics, Health care
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Terms related to an argumentative essay
Issue, Claim, Argument, Evidence, Counterargument, Rebuttal, Pro, Con
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An idea about which the opinions of the people are different
Issue
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A statement by an author about an issue
Claim
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A claim needs ______
Supporting arguments
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A claim is also called as ____, _____, and _______
Position, Stand, Point of view
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An idea that supports the claim
Argument
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An argument needs _______
Supporting evidences
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Facts in the real world that can be used to support an argument
Evidence
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An idea given by the opposing side against the claim given in the argumentative essay
Counterargument
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The respons to the counterargument
Rebuttal
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An argument in favor of a claim or advantage reading
Pro
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An argument against a claim or disadvantage
Con
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Is a persuasive form of writing
Argumentative essay
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It aims to change the mind of the reader by convincing the reader to agree with the writer's point of view
Argumentative essay
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Elements of argumentative essay
Claim, Argument, Evidence, Counterargument, Rebuttal, Conclusion
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Components of argumentative essay
Introduction, Body, Refutation, Conclusion
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Features of argumentative essay
Highly persuasive, written logically and objectively, Presents or explains the issue or case, Gives and supports reasons to prove its point, Refutes opposing arguments
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It is the position or assertion in relation to an issue
Claim
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A _____ cannot be used to support an argument because it is that must be defended
Claim
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Statements that supports the claim
Argument
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Statements or facts that supports the claim or argument
Evidence
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An opposing argument or assertion
Counterargument
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Logical arguments for rejecting the argument
Rebuttal
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It restates the claim, summarizes arguments, restates the counterclaim and rebuttal, and makes any recommendations
Conclusion
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It restates the claim, summarizes arguments, restates the counterclaim and rebuttal, and makes any recommendations
Conclusion
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It restates the claim, summarizes arguments, restates the counterclaim and rebuttal, and makes any recommendations
Conclusion
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Background of the subject topic/thesis
Introduction
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Present your position with presented evidence
Body
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Counterclaim and rebuttal
Refutation
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Summarize key points
Conclusion
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Start of and essay also called as "gateway"
Introduction
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It is where facts of given thesis statements of the essay are written
Body
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It is the argument to refute earlier arguments and give weight to the actual position
Refutation