The sum of all programs which are required to operate a computer. It is also used to control and monitor application programs.

Main component of a Linux OS. It is used to form another operating system.

A collection of software on top of a Linux kernel.

Has been originally written in the programming language C, and it is mainly used for scientific-technical applications on mainframes and workstations but has also become perfectly suited for application in networks.

Interfaces to the operating system, the kernel of the host

A graphical representation in which the users can interact with software or devices through graphical icons.

A console or text-based representation in which the user types the commands to operate the software or devices.

was once the most popular Linux desktop environment and was used by default on Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian, and most other big Linux distributions.

has always been more complex than GNOME, packing in many more configuration options and features.

Is a more lightweight desktop environment, very similar to GNOME.

Was developed for Linux Mint in which it is based on GNOME. It uses up-to-date libraries and other software — but it takes that software and tries to create a more traditional-looking desktop with it.

displays user manual of any command on the terminal

determines the type of a file.

displays short descriptions of program

locates files and pages of a command

displays the current user

displays the list of files and directory

displays the contents of the working directory recursively showing sub-directories and files, and a summary of the total number of sub-directories and files

displays parent working (Parent directory

changes the current directory - cd .. - previous folder - cd / - root folder - cd ~ - shortcut

creates director

removes directory

copies a file to a specified location

moves a file to a specified location

removes a file.

It is a file on the system that contains data, text, or program instructions.

They store both special and ordinary files. For users familiar with Windows or Mac OS, Unix directories are equivalent to folders.

Some files provide access to hardware such as hard drives, CD-ROM drives, modems, and Ethernet adapters.

refersto the root directory. The root directory is the one from which all other directories branch off from.

is the directory that contains binaries, that is, some of the applications and programs you can run.

directory contains files required for starting your system.

contains device files. Many of these are generated at boot time or even on the fly.

the dumping ground for system files administrators were not sure where else to put.

where you will find your users’ personal directories.

where libraries live. Libraries are files containing code that your applications can use.

the dumping ground for system files administrators were not sure where else to put.

directory is often where the software you compile.

are virtual directory in which it contains information about your computers, such as information about your CPU and the kernel your Linux system is running.

similar to /bin, but it contains applications that only the superuser will need.

directory was where users’ home directories were originally kept back in the early days of UNIX.

contains temporary files, usually placed there by applications that you are running.

was originally given its name because its contents were deemed variable in which it contains files to which the system writes data during the course of its operation.

It is a series of related instructions that tells the computer what task(s) to do and how to perform them.

a set of programs that coordinates all the activities among computer hardware devices.

allows a user to perform maintenance- type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices, or its programs.

consists of programs designed to makes users more productive and/or assist them with personal tasks.

Is the software essential? Will it help you accomplish an important task?

What resources does the software require? It includes hard disk storage space, main memory capacity, and specific platform.

Does the software come with warranty/support? Software might have issues upon installation and usage and such would require fixes and updates.

a program used to install, update, upgrade, or remove software

can install software from an RPM file

a front-end tool for rpm so that a user has a minimal amount to issue when trying to install RPM files.

A command-line packager tool for Debian Linux.

Installs the package

Upgrades the packages

Freshens the package

Erases the package

What is the syntax for installing an rpm file

yum instruction has 3 parts

Checks to see if there are any upgrade available for installed software

Cleans up the yum cache directory

Attempts to downgrade a package from the current version to previous versions (if available)

Applied on a list of packages

Provides description and summary of the available package

Lists any package that provides a given feature or file

Uninstalls and then installs the specified package again

Lists packages that fulfill a given dependency

Searches all packages’ summaries for the given string for matches

Updates an installed package to the specified version

Lists available repositories

Which yum command is correct

software libraries required to complete the installation of a given piece of software.