問題一覧
1
Formal way of writing; a group of sentences/phrases which have a purpose: to persuade, to describe, to entertain, to argue, and to narrate
Academic Text
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A stretch of language
Academic Text
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Maybe spoken or written, produced by one person or more
Text
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Text is defined as
Critical, Objective
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Academic Text defined in linguistics as
A stretch of language
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Expanded form of ideas
A stretch of language
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Information based on observation
Empirical Evidence
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Interrelatedness of ideas, consistency, and systematic
Text - external coherence
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Unity or oneness or connectedness of ideas(inside factor)
Text - internal cohesion
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Overall text formed from cohesion Based from context
Coherence
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Some linguists use the term “text” interchangeably with discourse
(Collins and Hollo, 2000)
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Academic Text is a product of communications; used for academic purposes
True
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Coherence is the overall text formed from cohesion
True
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It is not a grammatical unit but “a product of communication or piece of language whose shape is motivated by its semantic process and pragmatic roles.
Text
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Meaning/logical/literal
Semantic
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Roles that depends on the situation/context
Pragmatic
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Syntax-> structure, areangement
Pragmatics
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3 pragmatics used:
Locution, Illocution, Perlocution
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“The dog chased the rabbit through the pasture.” Is the sentence pragmatically correct?
True
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“The rabbit chased the dog through the pasture.” Is the sentence pragmatically and semantically correct?
a.) No
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The 2 structures of Academic Text
Minor Grammtical Units, Major Grammatical Units
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Examples of Minor Grammatical Units
Words, Phrases, Clauses, Sentences
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Examples of Major Grammatical Units
Paragraphs, Compositions
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They are organize in a specific way, they have clear structure
Minor Grammatical Units
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Makes it easier to navigate text and understand the material better
Major Grammatical Units
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A set of related sentences having only one idea embodied in a topic sentence
Paragraph
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Consists of a topic sentence and a supporting sentence
Paragraph
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Contains the thesis or main idea of a paragraph
Topic sentence
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It develops or supports the thesis or main idea of a paragraph
Supoorting Sentence
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The placement of the topic sentences determines the patters of developing a paragraph
a.) True
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The topic sentence is stated in the beginning
Deductive Pattern
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The pattern is general to specific
Deductive Pattern
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The topic sentence is stated in the end
Inductive Pattern
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Pattern is from specific to general
Inductive Pattern
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Topic sentence is stated in the beginning and restated in the end
Deductive-Inductive Pattern
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Topic sentence is stated in the middle
Inductive - Deductive Pattern
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Topic sentence is not stated, but implied
Hinted Pattern
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Paragraph that stands alone
Independent Paragraph
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Usually serves as a composition perse, having a thesis of its own(ex:fable)
Independent Paragraph
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Paragraph that introduces the thesis(main idea) of the entire composition
Introductory Paragraph
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A.K.A. First, opening, starting, or beginning paragraph
Introductory Paragraph
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Paragraph that develops/supports the thesis of the entire composition
Developmental Paragraph
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Connects two or more paragraphs
Transitional paragraph
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Serves to end the entire composition
Concluding Paragraph
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A.K.A. connecting, linking, or joining paragraphs
Transitional Paragraph
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A.K.A. Closing, ending, finishing or last paragraph
Concluding Paragraph
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Meaning of IBC
Introduction, Body, Conclusion
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Meaning of ABC
Abstract, Body, Conclusion
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How many Rhetorical Patterns are used in academic writing?
4
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Explains a topic or issue by clariying and giving information through description
Descriptive Writing
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Contains the thesis or main idea of a paragraph
Topic Sentence
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Meaning of PRV
Preview-Review-View
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Short intro in the form of a summary
Abstract
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Longest part of the article or report
Body
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Condensation of the materials presented in the body
Conclusion
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Not just describing and defining the topic, but rearranging the facts in a logical sequence
Analytical Writing
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Convince readers of an argument with varied angles that were thoroughly analyzed
Persuasive Writing
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Weigh your own assumptions and the merits if alternative arguments to arrive at a holistic evaluation
Critical Writing