問題一覧
1
3 services that OS provide for software layer
Handle basic I/O operations, Allocating storage and memory for different processes, Providing protected sharing of the computer resources among multiple applications running simultaneously
2
What is the significant task that Systems S/W do
compile HLL or asemble assembly lang into bits, machine language
3
What is HLL mostly compiled into?
assembly instructions
4
3 advantages of HLL
More human readable, Can code for domain specific applications, e.g. Fotran for scientific computation, Independent from hardware architecture
5
5 basic functional unit of system OS
input, output, memory, datapath (collection of functional units like alu and registers), control
6
What is MUX that's next to the ALU
multiplexer
7
What is the core execution engine of the processor
ALU
8
What does ARM stand for
advanced RISC machine
9
What is the core technology used to implement Cache, and Main Memory respectively?
SRAM, DRAM
10
What is a execution time
The time it takes for a PROGRAM X to run on a computer A
11
What kind of time are there to measure. Which one is usually used in conputer architecture
Cpu time, raw clock time. CPU time is usually used.
12
Throughput definition
No of tasks done in a period of time. The task can be defined in any way
13
relate performance and execution time with a formula
performance of y = 1/execution time of y
14
What is relative performance of A to B
performance A / performance B
15
what is execution time in full name
cpu execution time
16
user CPU time?
cpu time spent on executing instructions
17
system CPU time?
duration that is used in IO operation to support the execution of the program
18
cpu execution time formula definition
= user CPU time + system CPU time + cpu time of a child process
19
what is performance metric that are measured in terms of processor clock
clock cycle(period)
20
tie two equations of cpu execution time together
user cpu time+ system cpu time+child process cpu time = clock cycle * (cycle per program)
21
relate number of cpu clock cycles(period) with cpi
nunber of cpu clock cycles = intruction per program * CPI
22
On what types of computers is CPI commonly used to measure performance
HPC such as pipelined or parallel computers
23
Is CPI found by taking the Average?
yes
24
how to relate cpu execution time with CPI
= total second/program=instructions per program * CPI * clock cycle
25
what should u do immediatel after seeing the word clock rate
find clock cycle as well
26
Aim of CISC ?
reduce instruction count per program.
27
Equation of dynamic power
Power=C(V^2)f
28
Primary source of power dissipation
dynamic power
29
Power wall causes?
Voltage can't be reduced any more (power leakage). Also, the cooling problem
30
How to break the power wall
Multiple core(processor) per microprocessor chip
31
What does programmer do on a multicore computer
modify the programs to take advantage of multi processor