Which soil horizon is known as the topsoil

If soil is shallow, the result would likely be: I. Limited water retention and nutrient availability II. Herbaceous crops can grow in this type of soil III. It allows plants to penetrate deeply in the water table

Mechanism of nutrient movement by which nutrients are carried by mass movement of water

In addition to H, the cation that tends to increase in exchangeable form with increasing soil acidity is?

The upper limit of sand (USDA)

This soil forming process includes the weathering of primary minerals, decomposition of organic residues, synthesis of organic acids, humus, and other materials, and causes change in size/arrangement of mineral particles.

Which among the following processes is a physical weathering process?

What do you call the distinctive layers present in a soil profile that is parallel to the ground surface?

Which among the horizon modifiers is used to denote lithologic discontinuities?

Which among the ff texture has the highest rate of decomposition of OM?

Which among the following does not influence the color of soil?

Which among the following structure is most likely affected by tillage?

Which of the ff conditions result to higher value of particle density?

Which among the ff categories of water surrounding soil particles provide sufficient moisture and is the most beneficial to most plants?

Which among the soil textures below will show the highest capillary rise of water?

It is the seat of various chemical reaction in the soil, what is this?

It is a process by which the positively charged ions in soil solution leave the solution and attach themselves loosely to the solid phase, which has a net negative charge, and at the same time, attached cations in the soil is released in the soil solution.

Calculate the mass pf exchangeable Ca2+ from a 15cm depth of soil in a 1000m2 land if the soil has a bulk density of 1.4g/cm3. (A kilogram of soil was initially found to have a 3.20 grams of Ca2+)

How many grams of Ca2+ is needed to replace 4 of K+ in the soil? (Atomic weight of K+ is 39g/mol while the atomic weight of Ca2+ is 40g/mol)

What is the optimum soil pH of most agricultural crops?

What term describes the acidity wherein the hydrogen ion concentration is present in the soil moisture?

A decomposer needs seven carbon and one nitrogen to decompose an organic material. Which among the organic materials will take the shortest time to decompose and would release the highest amount of nitrogen in the soil?

If the soil solution has H+ ion concentration of 0.001 M, calculate the pH of the soil solution.

This kind of erosion by water is typically observed in cultivated soil.

This factor in USLE describes the function of soil properties in the rate of erosion.

Which of the following is an example of a secondary mineral?

High amount of allophane can be derived from this parent material

It is a mechanism of soil transformation which pertains to reduction of iron in waterlogged conditions

Following the Munsell color chart, which of the following soil color would appear darker?

This practice is appropriate for highly alkaline soil

All of the following are considered compound fertilizer except

Phophorus and potassium are mainly absorbed by plants through what mechanism?

It is an industrial process of producing ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen

Nitrification is a two-step process. What microorganism is responsible in the second step.

Which of the following pools of phosphorus is considered the main source of available phosphorus for crops

In acidic soils, phosphorus is fixed by what element/s making it unavailable for plant uptake?

This process captures and stores atmospheric carbon dioxide in the soil to reduce greenhouse gas emission and address the climate change

The type of earthworm feeds on surface leaf litter that they drag down into their burrows

At what stage of composting process does initial organic matter decomposition occurs?

Which of the ff is an example of an actinomycete?

Typic haplustept belong to what soil order?

This soil is common in wetland areas such as marshes and swamps

The phosphate fertilizer is manufactured by the reaction of the apatite with sulfuric acid and water

A well-drained soil subject to excessive leaching of the basic cations are acidic and are defined with P, Ca, Mg, and Mo while lowland rice soils that are poorly drained and waterlogged are deficient with this elements

Which of the ff has the highest pH dependent negative charges?

The horizons that show the characteristics of underlying or overlying horizons

Microorganisms that are most active in the decaying of organic substances in soils are:

The process of nutrient movement from the soil to roots which is largely dependent to root growth

A kind of soil erosion in which soil particles are removed on a more or less uniform depth

A problem in soil usually found in mining areas characterized by excessive amount of heavy metals.

One of the choices below is not a factor that determines the amount of lime to apply

In a very extremely acidic soil (pH 4.5-5.0), these elements are toxic to plants except:

This is a substance produced by one organism, which inhibit growth of other organisms

This micronutrient is needed in the synthesis of auxin and is usually deficient in waterlogged soil

The soil microflora with the highest biomass are:

The stable product of organic matter

This is not a biological process?

The physical state of the soil as it relates to plant growth is known as soil

Indirect utilization of molecular nitrogen is:

A chemical element is considered essential if

Plowing or cultivation has a great impact on soil formation. Which horizon shows cultivation?

Wind deposited parent materials

This soil category defines largely on the basis of physical and minerological properties importance to plant growth.

Which is a more detailed map?

When the soil is flocculated, it means that the soil has a high amount of

The nutrient element that is easily lost and mostly required by plants.

Which of the ff soil microorganisms is the most numerous in soils?

What soil order predominates in the Philippines?

Soil with high clay content and base saturation, fertile, not cracking and can support good crop growth is

The movement of material out of a portion of soil profile

The ideal bulk density value of soil

The resistance of a mineral to abrasion is

Plants with too much nitrogen will responds the following ways, except one:

Plant roots depend on the process of respiration to obtain energy. Which is the true about root respiration.

These are three general classes of alluvial deposits of parent material, they are as follows, except one:

Physical disturbance and mixing of soil horizons by animals is called

Factor in wind erosion which relates mainly to texture and structure

The most common method of applying starter is called

The first commercial nitrogen fertilizer was actually organic called

Mineral fertilizer is dissolved very slowly, and so their usefulness as fertilizer is limited

Indicates the primary nutrient content of the fertilizer is

Most mineral soils come from parent materials moved from one area to another by the following, except:

This element exceedingly important to plants for two chief reasons; 1) its presence in the soil neutralizes acids and increases the numbers and vigor of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria and 2) essential to thecarbohydrates and protein metabolism of the plant. What is this mineral element?

The most important macro animals in the soils. They are egg-laying hermaphrodites that eat detritus, soil organic matter and microorganism

Which among the fertilizer enumerated is not a single element fertilizer?

Too much nitrogen fertilizer in the soil results in

The important foods for soil microflora, which rapidly break them down to carbon dioxide and water

Organic matter causes soil particles to clump together to form what?

A deposit of rock and soil resulting from materials sliding down a slope under the force of gravity

Soil is a medium for plant growth because plant depends on soil to supply four needs Such as, except one:

Soil is made of solid particles, between these solid particles are pore spaces that contain gases and/or water. This arrangement of solid particles and pore spaces is called

A section of soil extending from the surface to the depth of root penetration of the deepest-rooted plants